Yb(NTf2)3催化苯甲酸酯化反应

Lewis酸催化;Yb(NTf2)3催化苯甲酸酯化反应     

高分子负载Yb(NTf2)3催化酯化及硝化反应

高分子负载Yb(NTf2)3催化酯化及硝化反应;高分子负载;Lewis酸催化;酯化;硝化     

纳米固体超强酸SO2-4/Fe2O3催化合成尼泊金酸乙酯

以纳米固体超强酸SO2-4/Fe2O3催化尼泊金酸与乙醇的酯化反应合成了尼泊金酸乙酯.较适宜的反应条件为:尼泊金酸25 mmol,n(尼泊金酸):n(乙醇)=1:4,ω(催化剂)=3.73%,甲苯15 mL,于84℃～86℃反应3 h,产率达到93.3%.     

固体酸ZrO2-Ce2O3/SO2-4催化合成丙二酸二丁酯

以含铈固体超强酸ZrO2-Ce2O3/SO4 2-为催化剂,丙二酸和正丁醇为原料合成了丙二酸二丁酯.最佳反应条件为:催化剂活化温度500℃,丙二酸100mmol,n(酸):n(醇)=1.0:2.5,催化剂用量1g,反应时间2h,酯化率达95.8%.结果表明,加入铈有助于提高固体超强酸的使用寿命.     

球形聚萘并噁嗪树脂酸催化酯化反应

研究了球形聚萘并GFDA1嗪树脂酸催化剂的制备方法,考察了其对酯化反应的催化活性. 萘并GFDA1嗪预聚体在甲基硅油中反相悬浮固化得到球形聚萘并GFDA1嗪树脂,再经磺化反应制得聚萘并FDA1嗪树脂酸,用扫描电子显微镜及其搭载的能谱仪(EDS)考察了催化剂的外貌特征和表面主要元素分布,用Tg分析了催化剂的热稳定性,通过催化冰醋酸与乙醇酯化反应评价了催化剂的活性. 结果表明,球形聚萘并GFDA1嗪树脂在300 ℃以下不发生热失重,45 ℃磺化得到的催化剂活性最高,树脂负载磺酸基团为4.29 mmol/g. 在反应时间2 h,催化剂用量为冰醋酸质量分数的3%和n(醇):n(酸)=2:1时,冰醋酸的转化率为77%.     

乳酸丁酯的非均相催化合成

在Ga2 O3负载量为20％,500℃焙烧2h的条件下制备了固体酸催化剂Ga2 O3/SiO2,利用红外光谱分析对催化剂进行了表征.将其用于非均相催化合成乳酸丁酯的反应,考察了催化剂用量、n(正丁醇)∶n(乳酸)、环己烷用量、反应时间和催化剂重复使用性能等因素对酯化率的影响.结果表明,该催化剂催化合成乳酸丁酯的适宜反应...     

固体超强酸ZrO_2/S2O_8~(2-)催化合成肉桂酸甲酯

研究了在固体超强酸ZrO2/S2O2-8催化下,肉桂酸与甲醇作用合成肉桂酸甲酯的工艺.考查了催化剂的用量、酸醇摩尔比、反应时间及催化剂的性能对反应的影响.最佳反应条件为∶n(肉桂酸)∶n(甲醇)=1∶10,m(肉桂酸)∶m(催化剂)=3∶1,反应温度90～95℃,反应时间5h,酯化率为95.7%.     

固体超强酸SO42-/SnO2-TiO2-Al2O3催化合成PEG6000双山嵛酸酯

以自制的固体超强酸SO42-/SnO2-TiO2-Al2O3催化山嵛酸与聚乙二醇6000(PEG6000)的酯化反应,合成了PEG6000双山嵛酸酯(DB6000),其结构经IR确证。较适宜的反应条件为:PEG6000 80 mmol,n(山嵛酸):n(PEG6000)=2.2:1.0,催化剂用量为总反应物质量的0.8%,氮气保护下于210℃反应6 h,酯化率高于99%。     

固体超强酸SO2-4/SnO2-TiO2-Al2O3催化合成PEG6000双山嵛酸酯

以自制的固体超强酸5O2-/SnO2-TiO2-Al2O3催化山嵛酸与聚乙二醇6000(PEG6000)的酯化反应,合成了PEG6000双山嵛酸酯(DB6000),其结构经IR确证.较适宜的反应条件为:PEG6000 80 mmol,n(山嵛酸)∶n(PEG6000) =2.2∶1.0,催化剂用量为总反应物质量的0.8％,氮气保护下于210℃反应6h,酯佗率高于99％.     

固定床中树脂催化油脂副产物制备生物柴油

以棕榈油脱臭馏出物(PFAD)和无水乙醇为原料,强酸性阳离子交换树脂为固体酸催化剂,在自制的固定床反应器中进行酯化反应,成功合成了脂肪酸乙酯(生物柴油).固定床反应器尺寸为Φ1.62cm×72.7cm.结果表明,酯化反应的最佳物料比为n(乙醇)/n(PFAD)=13.2;反应温度在乙醇正常沸点78.3℃以下时,反应温度越高,酯化率越大;酯化率随催化接触时间增大而增大,但增大速度逐渐趋缓.当在常压下,75℃反应55min时,脂肪酸乙酯的一次转化率可迭76%左右.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.