THE PERTURBATION OF ALMOST PERIODIC SOLUTION OF ALMOST PERIODIC SYSTEM

By using the exponential dichotomy and the averaging method,a perturbation theoryis established for the almost periodic solutions of an almost differential system.Suppose that the almost periodic differential system(dx)/(dt)=f(x,t) ε~2g(x,t,ε)(1)has an almost periodic solution x=x_0(t,M)for ε=0,where M=(m_1,…,m_k)is theparameter vector.The author discusses the conditions under which(1)has an almostperiodic solution x=x(t,ε)such that x(t,ε)=x_0(t,M)holds uniformly.The results obtained are quite complete.     

Decompositions of modules lacking zero sums

A module over a semiring lacks zero sums (LZS) if it has the property that v +w = 0 implies v = 0 and w = 0. While modules over a ring never lack zero sums, this property always holds for modules over an idempotent semiring and related semirings, so arises for example in tropical mathematics.A direct sum decomposition theory is developed for direct summands (and complements) of LZS modules: The direct complement is unique, and the decomposition is unique up to refinement. Thus, every finitely generated “strongly projective” module is a finite direct sum of summands of R (assuming the mild assumption that 1 is a finite sum of orthogonal primitive idempotents of R). This leads to an analog of the socle of “upper bound” modules. Some of the results are presented more generally for weak complements and semi-complements. We conclude by examining the obstruction to the “upper bound” property in this context.     

ON THE EXISTENCE OF ALMOST GLOBAL WEAK SOLUTION TO MULTIDIMENSIONAL VLASOV-POISSON EQUATION

§１．ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＣｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｔｈｅｆｏｌｏｗｉｎｇｄｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌＶｌａｓｏｖＰｏｉｓｏｎｓｙｓｔｅｍ，ｄ＝２，３，ｔｆ＋ｖ·ｘｆ－Ｅ·ｖｆ＝０，ｆ（０，ｘ，ｖ）＝ｆ０（ｘ，ｖ），Ｅ（ｔ，ｘ）＝ｃ（ｄ）∫ｘ－ｙ｜ｘ...     

ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR FOR COMMUTATIVE SEMIGROUPS OF ALMOST ASYMPTOTICALLY NONEXPANSIVE TYPE MAPPINGS

This article introduces the concept of commutative semigroups of almost asymptotically nonexpansive-type mappings in a Banach space X which has the Opial property and whose norm is UKK, and establishes the weak convergence theorems for almost-orbits of this class of commutative semigroups. The author improves, extends and develops some recent and earlier results.     

On weak completeness of products and direct sums in locally convex cones

We discuss the weak completeness of product and direct sum cones in the lower, upper and symmetric topologies. For the weak lower, upper and symmetric topology of a direct sum cone, there correspond bases of upper, respectively lower and symmetric, closed members in a coarser topology which leads us to investigate the weak completeness of direct sum cones.

     

Galois subrings of simple rings

Suppose R is a finite direct sum of simple associative rings and G is a finite group of auto-morphisms of the ring R. It is shown that if there is no additive ¦G¦-torsion in R, then the subring of elements of R that are fixed under G is a finite direct sum of simple rings.     

Finite metacyclic groups as active sums of cyclic subgroups

The notion of active sum provides an analogue for groups of what the direct sum is for abelian groups. One natural question then is which groups are the active sum of a family of cyclic subgroups. Many groups have been found to give a positive answer to this question, while the case of finite metacyclic groups remained unknown. In this note we show that every finite metacyclic group can be recovered as the active sum of a discrete family of cyclic subgroups.     

ON ALMOST PERIODIC SOLUTIONS OF AHIGHER ORDER ALMOST PERIODIC SYSTEM

1IntroductionConsiderthel'Ollowingdifferentialequationdx~~A(.t)x g(t,x),(l)dt.wherexeR",t6R,A(t)=(a,,(t)),,..istillnxncontinlloust'llllctiollmatrixinR,g(t,x)isanat-dimensionalcolltinuousfunctionvectorinRxR".Thepaper[l,21dealedwil;htheproblemontheexistence…     

二次李三系的分解定理

有限维李三系称为二次的,如果它容许一个非退化的不变对称双线性型.无论是李三系分解为不可分解理想的直和,还是二次李三系分解为不可分解非退化理想的正交直和,证明了这两类分解在同构意义下都是唯一的.     

Uniserial modules: sums and isomorphisms of subquotients

Let R be an associative ring with 1. A left R module M is uniserial i f the lattice L(M) of its submodules is totally ordered under inclusion. We give an example of a uniserial module M with the property of having two submodules 0 < H < K < M such that M is isomorphic to K/H (we call a module M with this property shrinkable). Then we give an example of a uniserial module M isomorphic to all its nonzero quotients M/N, N<M, and with L(M) isomorphic to ω²+1; this solves a problem of Hirano and Mogami [7]. Finally we show that for uniserial modules the property of being shrinkable is connected to the problem of deciding whether a module, which is both a homomorphic image of a finite direct sum of uniserial modules and a submodule of a finite direct sum of uniserial modules, is a finite direct sum of uniserial modules     

On the summands of near-rings with ATM

We say that a near-ring (N,+,·) has an almost trivial multiplication (ATM) if the product of two elements belongs to the intersection of the additive cyclic groups generated by these two elements. We show that every finite near-ring with ATM can be decomposed to a direct sum where the summands are either near-rings defined on cyclic groups or near-rings whose minimal ideals are zero near-rings. Finally, we show how to construct these summands on cyclic groups.     

PAIRWISE ALMOST COMPACT SPACES

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to investigate pairwise almost compact bitopological spaces. These spaces satisfy a bitopological compactness criterion which is strictly weaker than pairwise C-compactness and is independent of other well-known bitopological compactness notions. Pairwise continuous maps from such spaces to pairwise Hausdorff spaces are pairwise almost closed, the property is invariant under suitably continuous maps, is inherited by regularly closed subspaces and may be characterized in terms of certain covers as well as the adherent convergence of certain open filter bases. Some new natural bitopological separation axioms are introduced and in conjunction with pairwise almost compactness yield interesting results, including a sufficient condition for the bitopological complete separation of disjoint regularly closed sets by semi-continuous functions.     

ALMOST PERIODIC SOLUTIONS OF SINGLE POPULATION MODELS WITH ALMOST PERIODIC ENVIRONMENT

ＡＬＭＯＳＴＰＥＲＩＯＤＩＣＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＳＩＮＧＬＥＰＯＰＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＭＯＤＥＬＳＷＩＴＨＡＬＭＯＳＴＰＥＲＩＯＤＩＣＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＨｅＣｈｏｎｇｙｏｕ（ＮａｎｊｉｎｇＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｔｙ）（何崇佑）南京大学，邮编：２１０００８Ａｂ...     

OD-CHARACTERIZATION OF ALMOST SIMPLE GROUPS RELATED TO U6（2）

Let G be a finite group and π(G) = { p 1 , p 2 , ··· , p k } be the set of the primes dividing the order of G. We define its prime graph Γ(G) as follows. The vertex set of this graph is π(G), and two distinct vertices p, q are joined by an edge if and only if pq ∈π e (G). In this case, we write p ～ q. For p ∈π(G), put deg(p) := |{ q ∈π(G) | p ～ q }| , which is called the degree of p. We also define D(G) := (deg(p 1 ), deg(p 2 ), ··· , deg(p k )), where p 1 < p 2 < ··· < p k , which is called the degree pattern of G. We say a group G is k-fold OD-characterizable if there exist exactly k non-isomorphic finite groups with the same order and degree pattern as G. Specially, a 1-fold OD-characterizable group is simply called an OD-characterizable group. Let L := U 6 (2). In this article, we classify all finite groups with the same order and degree pattern as an almost simple groups related to L. In fact, we prove that L and L.2 are OD-characterizable, L.3 is 3-fold OD-characterizable, and L.S 3 is 5-fold OD-characterizable.     

WEAKLY ALMOST PERIODIC POINT AND ERGODIC MEASURE

Let X be a compact metric space and f: X→X be continuous.This pape introduces the notion of weakly almost periodic point, which is a generalization of the notion of almost periodic point, proves that each of f-invariant ergodic measures can be generated by a weakly almost periodic point of f and gives some equivalent conditions for that f has an invariant ergodic measure whose support is X and ones for that f has no non-atomic invariant ergodic measure, the latter is a generalization of the Blokh's work on self-maps of the interval. Also two formulae for calculating the togological entropy are obtained.     

几乎周期性与SS混沌集

引进正则移位不变集的概念,证明了有正则移位不变集的紧致系统在几乎周期点集中存在SS混沌集,特别地,具有正拓扑熵的区间映射在几乎周期点集中存在SS混沌集.     

Finitely Presented Modules Over Semihereditary Rings

We prove that each almost local-global semihereditary ring R has the stacked bases property and is almost Bézout. More precisely, if M is a finitely presented module, its torsion part tM is a direct sum of cyclic modules where the family of annihilators is an ascending chain of invertible ideals. These ideals are invariants of M. Moreover, M/tM is a projective module which is isomorphic to a direct sum of finitely generated ideals. These ideals allow us to define a finitely generated ideal whose isomorphism class is an invariant of M. The idempotents and the positive integers defined by the rank of M/tM are invariants of M too. It follows that each semihereditary ring of Krull-dimension one or of finite character, in particular each hereditary ring, has the stacked base property. These results were already proved for Prüfer domains by Brewer, Katz, Klinger, Levy, and Ullery. It is also shown that every semihereditary Bézout ring of countable character is an elementary divisor ring.     

The Infinite Krull–Schmidt Property in the Case 2

We study regularity in the infinite direct sum decomposition in cocomplete categories. In particular we investigate and characterize a weak form of the Krull–Schmidt–Azumaya Theorem,in which the uniqueness of the direct sum decomposition is granted up to not one but two bijections,providing an abstract setting for a behaviour observed in the category of serial modules and other categories.     

APPROXIMATION OF SOLUTION OF LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION WITH ALMOST PERIOD FUNCTION COEFFICIENTS

Let us consider fOllowing the linear differential equation system:We transfrom this system to vector-matrix form:whereand writeTheorem 1 Suppose that the coefficient matrixs A*(t) and A**(t) aIld tl1e frec terIllvectors W*(t) and W**(t) of the lillear differe1ltial equationsare L-iIltegrablc in tlle interval (a, oo) a11dwllere A1, A2, B1 a11d B2 are constants, E a11d n axe sma1l constants.If Y*(t) aIl相似文献   

ALMOST PERIODIC SOLUTIONS OF LASOTA-WAZEWSKA-TYPE DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH PIECEWISE CONSTANT DELAYS AND ALMOST PERIODIC TIME DEPENDENCE

By using the concept of almost periodic "sequence", that is, a real valued function on Z satisfying the Bohr almost periodic condition, sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of almost periodic solutions of Lasota-Wazewska-type differential equations with almost periodic time dependence.