强耦合超导能隙与临界温度的比值

本文采用McMillan的实能隙函数模型求解Eliashberg能隙积分方程在T-Tc《Tc和T《Tc时的解,得到了决定强耦合超导能隙△_0(T)与临界温度Tc比值的表示式式中,0K能隙△_0(0)与Tc比值,对BCS理论的修正参数A、(?)的表示式由下式给出而系数K_1,K_2只依赖于有效声子谱α~2(ω_q)F(ω_q)的形式.     

电荷密度波超导体中的软声子和喇曼散射

基于Balseiro和Falicov的概念,我们用一个简单模型计算了电荷密度波(CDW)与超导共存系统中被电声子相互作用重整化的CDW振幅模式的谱函数A(ω),所得的A(ω)在ω≤2G(G为CDW带隙)区域有一个权重相当大的δ函数型的峰,而在ω>2(G²十△²)^1/2(△为超导能隙)区域是比较宽的连续谱,固定G,当△减少时峰的强度显著降低,但其位置仅有较小的变化;与此同时连续谱的权重增加,这些特点与Sooryakumar和Klein在电荷密度波超导体2H-Nbse₂中发现的喇曼出线的能隙模式的行为是一致的。 关键词：     

铁磁/超导/铁磁异质结中的态密度谱和局域磁矩

通过自洽求解Bogoliubov-de Gennes(BdG)方程研究不同交换场下铁磁和超导之间的相互作用.我们发现超导体内的自旋单态能够穿透进入铁磁体并能在铁磁体内产生一个"子能隙".不同自旋的"子能隙"随着铁磁交换场的增加会在能谱中发生相对移动,形成各种不同结构的态密度.另外,铁磁体的反邻近效应能够在超导区域引起一个局域磁矩.该磁矩会随着铁磁交换场的增加由负变正,这与界面附近超导和铁磁之间的相互竞争有关.     

混合自旋反铁磁材料Y2BaNiO5的磁学和热力学性质

在格林函数的理论框架下，采用一维自旋为1的各向异性Heisenberg模型来讨论Y₂BaNiO₅材料的磁学和热力学性质.得到了它的自旋关联函数、低激发谱、基态能(E_g)、比热(C)和静态磁化率(χ)在不同交换各向异性因子下的性质，所得结果与实验和数值模拟结果完全一致. 关键词： Heisenberg模型 格林函数理论 Haldane能隙 反铁磁长程序     

局域交换场和电场调控的锗烯纳米带自旋过滤效应

基于非平衡格林函数方法,理论研究了Z轴方向局域交换场和电场对锗烯纳米带中电子自旋极化输运性质的影响.结果表明对锗烯的边缘区域施加强度大于其2倍有效自旋轨道耦合强度的交换场,可使自旋向上和向下电子的能带在不同的能量区间产生带隙,从而实现对不同自旋取向电子的100%过滤.提出了一种利用电场辅助降低自旋过滤效应所需阈值交换场强度的方法.研究表明,同时对中心器件区域施加局域交换场和电场,可以在小于有效自旋轨道耦合的弱交换场强度下,在较大的能量窗口区域过滤自旋向上或向下的电子.增大局域交换场强度,自旋过滤效应所对应的能量区间显著增大.     

介电函数虚部与电导率的关系

在明确介电函数定义及其虚部意义的基础上,比较分析函数ε'(ω)与复介电函数ε(ω)的不同,建议函数ε'(ω)不要称为"复介电函数"或"复电容率",以免与复介电函数ε(ω)混淆.     

希土离子对铁磁共振的影响

本文利用关联函数的方法(久保理论),讨论了强交换耦合系统的亚铁磁共振,给出了系统总磁化率张量的一般表达式,由此可以定出铁磁支与交换支的共振场H₀(或共振频率)和峯宽2△ω。所得结果表明,所谓快弛豫及慢弛豫机理不过是铁磁共振的两个分支(横分支与纵分支)。横分支相应于J及S的横向磁矩之间的耦合运动J,S分别为希土离子及铁离子的磁矩),而纵分支相应于J的纵向分量与S的横向分量之间的耦合运动。由于晶场及各向异性交换场的作用,J的量子化方向与S的量子化方向偏离一个角度φ。此外由于交换作用的各向异性,在交换作用哈密顿J·λ·S中,张量λ的非对角元可以相当大。结果表明,纵分支对峯宽的贡献近似地正比于φ²及λ_i3(i=1,2)。根据2△ω的一般表达式,在极低温下(4.2°K以下),峯宽主要是由横分支决定的。沿某些晶轴方向?_a,当希土离子最低两个能级接近“交叉”时,共振场及峯宽应该出现反常峯值,这在实验上已经得到了证实。当温度升高时,纵分支将逐渐“压过”横分支。当纵向弛豫频率达到高频场的频率ω时,峯宽将出现极大值,一般实验中观察到的就是这个极大值。当温度继续升高时,横分支又将起主要作用。当横向弛豫频率接近相应于希土离子最低两个能级之间的间距ω₂₁时(?=1),峯宽将出现第二个极大值。实验上只有沿希土离子最低两个能级接近交叉的方向进行测量时,才有可能观测到第二个峯值。当频率足够高,满足|ω₂₁(?_a)-ω|<<ω的条件时,在极低温下,将出现由横分支决定的尖锐的峯宽极大值。根据所得理论结果,除上述现象外,还可以统一地解释在希土石榴石铁氧体中观测到的下列实验事实:有效旋磁比随温度的显著变化;在抵消点附近峯宽的急剧上升;在镱铁氧体中观测到的在峯宽极大值出现的温度共振场显著上升等。指出了经典磁矩运动方程的局限性,在铁氧体中,晶场的作用与交换场其大小可以相比时,利用经典方程求解所得出的结果只能定性地解释某些与希土离子具体能级结构无关的现象。     

相干原子束-相干腔场相互作用系统中量子信息的交换传递

利用演化因子给出了相干原子束与相干腔场相互作用系统的演化规律.研究了其相互作用过程,结果表明:量子信息不但可以在相干原子与相干腔场之间相互交换,而且可以在不同相干腔场之间传递.还发现:在普遍情况下,信息交换传递的条件与原子跃迁的频率(ωa,k)及其相对相位(ξ)、光场的频率(ωf,k)及其相对相位(η)、原子与光场的耦合强度(g)和相互作用时间(t)等均有关,但当原子与光场发生共振相互作用时,其条件仅与g、t有关.     

含二次非线性项受迫振动系统中的分岔与混沌现象

用数值积分及二维叠代对含二次非线性项受迫振动系统x+kx+ω₀²x-dx²=μcosωt中的分岔与混沌现象进行了研究。控制参数μ的一系列临界值与α成反比。 关键词：     

推转壳模型波函数的seniority结构和K结构(Ⅰ)偶偶核

随转动角频率ω增大,推转壳模型波函数不再具有单一的seniority(V)结构.在hω≤0.5MeV范围内,V=0,2,4的成份都很重要,但V≥6的成份可以忽略.同时,相当多的K值(主要是│K│≤10)都将以可观的权重出现在低激发带中,使原子核远远偏离轴对称.也分析了能隙随ω变化的规律.     

Renormalization of the Mass Gap

We have explicitly shown that QCD is the color gauge invariant theory at non-zero mass gap as well. It has been defined as the value of the regularized full gluon self-energy at some finite point. The mass gap is mainly generated by the nonlinear interaction of massless gluon modes. All this allows one to establish the structure of the full gluon propagator in the explicit presence of the mass gap. In this case, the two independent general types of formal solutions for the full gluon propagator as a function of the regularized mass gap have been found. The nonlinear iteration solution at which the gluons remain massless is explicitly present. The existence of the solution with an effective gluon mass is also demonstrated.     

Asymmetrically shaped hysteresis loop in exchange-biased FeNi/FeMn film

The magnetization reversal of the bilayer polycrystalline FeNi(50 Å)/FeMn(50 Å) film sputtered in a magnetic field has been studied by magnetic and magneto-optical techniques. The external magnetic fields were applied along the easy or hard magnetization axis of the ferromagnetic permalloy layer. The asymmetry of hysteresis loop has been found. Appreciable asymmetry and the exchange bias were observed only in the field applied along the easy axis. The specific features of magnetization reversal were explained within the phenomenological model that involves high-order exchange anisotropy and misalignment of the easy axes of the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic layers. It has been shown that the film can exist in one of three equilibrium magnetic states in the field applied along the easy axis. The transitions between these states occur as first-order phase transitions. The observed hysteresis loop asymmetry is related to the existence of the metastable state.     

Mott gap excitations and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering in doped cuprates

Predictions are made for the momentum- and carrier-dependent degradation of the Mott gap upon doping in high-T(c) cuprates as would be observed in Cu K-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS). The two-dimensional Hubbard model with second- and third-nearest-neighbor hopping terms has been studied by numerical exact diagonalization. Special emphasis is placed on the particle-hole asymmetry of the Mott gap excitations. We argue that the Mott gap excitations observed by RIXS are significantly influenced by the interaction between charge carriers and antiferromagnetic correlations.     

Green's function theory for the one-dimensional antiferromagnet with antisymmetric exchange

The spin wave spectrum for the one-dimensional antiferromagnet with antisymmetric exchange is obtained from second order Green's function theory. There is a noticeable asymmetry in the spin wave dispersion curve, which has an effect on the static correlation function and the correlation length.     

Thermodynamics of a n-p condensate in asymmetric nuclear matter

We study the neutron-proton pairing in nuclear matter as a function of isospin asymmetry at finite temperatures and the empirical saturation density using realistic nuclear forces and Brueckner-renormalized single particle spectra. Our computation of the thermodynamic quantities shows that, while the difference of the entropies of the superconducting and normal phases anomalously changes its sign as a function of temperature for arbitrary asymmetry, the grand canonical potential does not; the superconducting state is found to be stable in the whole temperature-asymmetry plane. The pairing gap completely disappears for density asymmetries exceeding alpha(c) = (rho(n)-rho(p))/rho approximately 0.11.     

Indirect RKKY interaction in doped armchair nanotube due to electron phonon interaction effects

We study the Ruderman-Kittle-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction in doped armchair nanotube in the presence of gap parameter. The effects of both next nearest neighbor hopping parameter and electron-Holstein phonon on RKKY interaction have been addressed. RKKY interaction as a function of distance between localized moments have been analyzed. In order to calculate the exchange interaction along arbitrary direction between two magnetic moments, we should obtain the transverse static spin susceptibility of armchair graphene nanoribbon in the presence of electron-phonon coupling and gap parameter. The spin susceptibility components are calculated using Green’s function approach for Holstein model Hamiltonian. The effects of electron doping on dependence of exchange interaction on distance between moments are investigated via calculating correlation function of spin density operators. Our results show the influences of next nearest neighbor hopping parameter on the spatial behavior of RKKY interactions are different in the presence of electron phonon coupling.     

Modelling and design of complete photonic band gaps in two-dimensional photonic crystals

In this paper, we investigate the existence and variation of complete photonic band gap size with the introduction of asymmetry in the constituent dielectric rods with honeycomb lattices in two-dimensional photonic crystals (PhC) using the plane-wave expansion (PWE) method. Two examples, one consisting of elliptical rods and the other comprising of rectangular rods in honeycomb lattices are considered with a view to estimate the design parameters for maximizing the complete photonic band gap. Further, it has been shown that complete photonic band gap size changes with the variation in the orientation angle of the constituent dielectric rods.      

Signatures of superfluidity for Feshbach-resonant Fermi gases

We consider atomic Fermi gases where Feshbach resonances can be used to study the whole BCS-Bose-Einstein condensate crossover. We show how a probing field transferring atoms out of the superfluid can be used to detect the onset of the superfluid transition in the high-T(c) and BCS regimes. The number of transferred atoms, as a function of the energy given by the probing field, peaks at the gap energy. The shape of the peak is asymmetric due to the single particle excitation gap. Since the excitation gap also includes a pseudogap contribution, the asymmetry alone is not a signature of superfluidity. The incoherent nature of the noncondensed pairs leads to broadening of the peak. The broadening decays below the critical temperature, causing a drastic increase in the asymmetry. This provides a signature of the transition.     

On the finite volume method and the discrete ordinates method regarding radiative heat transfer in acute forward anisotropic scattering media

The ability of the finite volume method (FVM) and the discrete ordinates method (DOM) to model radiative heat transfer in acute forward anisotropic scattering media has been investigated. The test case involves a purely scattering medium in a cubic enclosure, irradiated by one boundary with diffuse emission. Four phase functions have been considered: three of the Henyey-Greenstein type with respective asymmetry factors of 0.2, 0.8 and 0.93, and a Mie phase function with a strong forward scattering peak (computed for a size parameter of 245 and corresponding to an asymmetry factor of 0.93). Results obtained with the FVM are in good agreement with Monte Carlo reference solutions, whatever the level of acute anisotropic scattering (for asymmetry factors up to 0.93). The DOM combined with the renormalization procedures of the phase function proposed by Kim and Lee (Effect of anisotropic scattering on radiative heat transfer in two-dimensional rectangular enclosures. Int J Heat Mass Transfer 1988;31:1711-21. [1]) and Wiscombe (On initialization error and flux conservation in the doubling method. JQSRT 1976;18:637-58. [2]) provides accurate results only for the smallest asymmetry factor. As the asymmetry factor increases, the renormalization procedures induce strong modifications in the values of the discretized phase function resulting in an underestimation of the effective attenuation by scattering. This error has been found to increase with optical thickness. In fact, when using the DOM, results would be more accurate combining this method with a Delta-Eddington approximation of the phase function, instead of using the actual phase function which is altered too much by renormalization.     

Determination of Reorientation Angles from Two-Dimensional Exchange Spectra of Powders in Radiospectroscopy

A method for transforming a 2D exchange spectrum into an orientation representation is proposed which is based on finding the reorientation probability as a function of angles. A procedure of evaluation and analysis of two-dimensional magnetic spectra of powders is described and a method for finding the asymmetry parameter from 2D exchange spectra is proposed. The capabilities of the method are illustrated for a model ³⁵Cl 2D nutation exchange NQR spectrum of chloral hydrate CCl₃CH(OH)₂ and an experimental ¹³C 2D exchange NMR spectrum of dimethylsulphone CH₃–SO₂–CH₃. The asymmetry parameter of the chemical shift tensor for this compound is determined.