SiO_2溶胶的簇团特性及其对增透膜光学性能的影响

在碱性条件下制备的ＳｉＯ２溶胶,经旋转法镀膜,得到具有增透效果的膜层。结果表明随着与陈化温度和陈化时间密切相关的溶胶族团的粒度分布及交联行为直接影响膜层的增透效果,膜层增透效果与溶胶族团的特性间存在一定的内在规律。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备的光学薄膜表面粒度及其分布

本文研究了溶胶-凝胶法制备的光学薄膜表面粒度及其分布,结果表明:膜表面的粒度大小与热处理温度及陈化时间有关,粒度分布函数可为泊松分布,正态分布等.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备的光学薄膜表面粒度及其分布

本文研究了溶胶-凝胶法制备的光学薄膜表面粒度及其分布,结果表明:膜表面的粒度大小与热处理温度及陈化时间有关,粒度分布函数可分为泊松分布、正态分布等.     

溶胶-凝胶TiO2和SiO2光学膜的结构

本文研究了TiO₂和SiO₂溶胶-凝胶光学膜在低温热处理下的组分、形貌特征、光散射特性.AES分析结果表明,在TiO₂膜和SiO₂膜的交界面处,Ti和Si相互扩散,从而证实了在多层膜中,膜层之间、膜层和基底之间有Ti-O-Si(或Si-O-Ti,或Si-O-Si)化学键形成.AES和ESCA分析结果显示溶胶-凝胶膜经过低温处理后C的含量较高,这归结为溶胶—凝胶膜的工艺特点.AFM测试结果显示,溶胶—凝胶TiO₂光学膜的表面形貌具有显著的柱状结构,薄膜表面起伏大约是7.5nm.TiO₂,SiO₂单层膜的表面散射率随着热处理温度的提高而变大,对于不同陈化时间的溶液镀制的膜有不同的表面散率.     

PEG200改性SiO_2溶胶制备光学增透膜的研究

采用ＴＥＭ、ＳＤＰ 等分析手段对ＰＥＧ２００ 改性的ＳｉＯ２ 溶胶制备参数与光学增透膜的性质进行了研究。结果表明：ＰＥＧ２００ 改性后的ＳｉＯ２ 溶胶簇团粒度分布与交联状况发生显著变化,形成不同的网络结构特征,由此影响膜层的光学增透性能。     

SnO2纳米粒子膜的性质和结构研究

用胶体化学法制得的ＳｎＯ２的水溶胶在其与空气的界面上能自发形成一层固态膜，将陈化不同时间的界面膜转移出来，采用紫外－可见光谱、Ｘ光电子能谱、椭圆偏振、ＴＥＭ以及ＡＦＭ等手段进行了表征。结果发现：界面膜有一个从无到有、达到稳定的过程，稳定时膜厚约为２０ｎｍ；采取垂直方式转移出来的膜质量较好，致密、粒子分布均匀、团聚程度小；膜中ＳｎＯ２纳米粒子是非化学计量比的，存在大量氧空位，随膜在空气中放置时间的增     

TiO2溶胶-凝胶光学膜制备工艺对其光学性质的影响

本文对TiO₂溶胶凝胶光学膜膜厚、折射率随不同温度作了在线测量,并讨论了在线温度对其光学性质的影响.考察了提拉速度对膜光学性质的影响。     

化学涂膜研究平台进展

研究了甲基硅酮防潮膜溶胶的配制及陈化条件、涂膜方式和膜层后处理条件；研究了二氧化硅增透膜溶胶的配制、陈化及回流条件、涂膜方式和膜层后处理条件；研究了双层膜的制备过程。基本确立了防潮膜溶胶和增透膜溶胶的制备条件，涂膜溶胶的溶剂配比、浓度、过滤及涂膜方式和膜层的后处理工艺，在K9玻璃和熔石英基片上分别完成了防潮膜、增透膜及双层膜的涂膜全过程。并对溶胶及膜层的各项性能进行了测试。     

溶胶-凝胶ZrO2-TiO2高折射率光学膜层的抗激光损伤性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备了ZrO₂-TiO₂(Ti含量为0—100mol%)高折射率光学薄膜. 借助激光动态光散射技术研究溶胶微结构. 采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、原子力显微镜、薄膜光学常数分析仪、漫反射吸收光谱及强激光辐照实验，对膜层的结构、光学性能及抗激光损伤性能进行了系统表征. 结果显示，溶胶-凝胶工艺可以在部分牺牲折射率的情况下，使膜层的抗激光损伤性能得到大幅度提升. 随Ti含量从0mol%增加至100mol%，膜层的平均损伤阈值呈下降趋势，当Ti含量从0mol%增加至60mol%时，平均损伤阈值从57.1J/cm²下降到21.1J/cm²(辐照激光波长为1053nm，脉冲宽度为10ns，“R/1”测试模式)，当Ti含量从60mol%增加至100mol%时，平均损伤阈值变化很小. 综合溶胶微结构、膜层光学性能和损伤实验结果可以推断，强激光诱导多光子吸收是引起膜层损伤的主要原因. 不同配比的复合膜之间光学带隙的显著差异导致相同辐照激光情况下多光子吸收的概率发生变化，从而导致损伤阈值的规律性变化. 关键词： 2-TiO₂薄膜')" href="#">ZrO₂-TiO₂薄膜 溶胶-凝胶 激光诱导损伤 光学带隙     

溶胶-凝胶技术在光学制造中的应用

溶胶－凝胶技术是一种超结构材料处理技术，与浇铸工艺相结合形成了一种全新的光学制造技术。本文简要回顾和比较了基于溶胶－凝胶处理技术制造ＳｉＯ２单片光学元件和玻璃的多种处理方法，重点描述在常压下用水解硅醇盐方法制造ＳｉＯ２单片凝胶七个处理步骤的化学、物理过程。概述了这种方法的特点和制得光学元件的特性，列举和讨论其在制造折射、衍射、微型光学元件和复合系统中的应用及前景。     

Optical properties of composites with nanodimensional oxide coatings versus the properties of film-forming sols. I. The influence of sol’s oxide composition

The influence of the aging period (duration) and the aging-related rheological characteristics of film-forming solutions (sols) on the refractive index and thickness of coatings, light reflection and light transmission coefficients, and optical losses in glass substrate-nanodimensional oxide (CuO-TiO₂) composites is considered. It has been shown that the increase in the CuO concentration in the coating and the extension of the sol aging period favor crystallization and change the form of inclusions in the coating from pseudospherical to dendritic with a different degree of branching. The refractive index of the film and its related coefficient of mirror reflection of the composite are functions of the density of packing sol disperse-phase particles into a nanodimensional layer. The packing density of dendritic particles drops decreases with the degree of their branching and transverse size of fragments. In every case, an optimal sol aging period should be found to obtain glass composites with nanodimensional coatings offering desired optical properties.     

Preparation of uniform TiO2 nanostructure film on 316L stainless steel by sol-gel dip coating

Sol was prepared by the mixing of tetra-η-butyle titanat, ethyl aceto acetate, and ethanol in an optimized condition. Polished 316L specimens were coated with the sol by dip-coating method. The influences of drying condition, withdrawal speed, calcination temperature, addition of dispersant, and pH of sol on TiO₂ nanostructure coating were investigated. Choosing of alcohol as drying atmosphere hindered the crack formation. The relation between coating thickness and withdrawal speed was evaluated. The optimum temperature to create a uniform distribution of nanoparticles of anatase was derived as 400 °C. Average roughness of coating was found about 10.61 nm by AFM analysis. Dispersant addition promoted formation of a uniform film as well as prevention of agglomeration. Acidic sol provided smaller particles than neutral sol.     

SERS活性体系中光吸收带电磁和化学增强机制归属的认证研究

ＳＥＲＳ活性体系中光吸收带电磁和化学增强机制归属的认证研究方炎王四海（首都师范大学综合技术研究所，北京１０００３７）ＡｓｓｉｇｎｍｅｎｔｏｆＥＭａｎｄＣＴＥｎｈａｎｃｅｍｅｎｔｓｏｎＯｐｔｉｃａｌＡｂｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎＳｐｅｃｔｒａｏｆＣｏｌｏｉｄａｌ...     

小角X射线散射法测定溶胶平均界面厚度

溶胶界面层厚度通常是用Porod法对高角区负偏离的Porod曲线进行拟合求算,但本文研究表明还可通过分别测定Porod负偏离校正前后体系粒子的平均半径之差而获得平均界面厚度.应用上述方法测定了在不同制备条件下制备的二氧化硅溶胶的平均界面厚度 关键词： 小角X射线散射 溶胶 平均界面厚度     

溶胶凝胶法制备抗激光损伤SiO2疏水减反射膜

 通过溶胶-凝胶法，在碱性条件下水解缩聚正硅酸乙酯获得含有SiO₂颗粒的溶胶；以甲基三乙氧基硅烷在酸性条件下水解缩聚获得双链聚合物溶液，作为疏水基团的引入剂。用两者的混合物在玻璃片上旋转镀膜。利用光子相干光谱法、透射电子显微镜、小角X射线散射等方法研究了溶胶微结构，利用紫外-可见光谱仪和接触角测定仪测量薄膜的透射率和疏水性。单面反射率最低降至0.01%，对水接触角最高为118°。利用Nd:YAG激光（1 064nm）测量了薄膜的激光损伤阈值，随混合溶胶中双链聚合物含量的增加损伤阈值减小，但均高于20J/cm²（1ns脉冲）。由于薄膜既保持了纳米氧化硅薄膜的多孔性，又在颗粒及孔表面以甲基修饰，水对薄膜的浸润能力大大降低，因此薄膜的时间稳定性大大增强，同时也保证了较高的损伤阈值和透射率。     

二氧化硅增透膜微观结构与激光损伤阈值的调控

采用溶胶-凝胶技术制备了二氧化硅增透膜,通过向溶胶中添加高分子聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）,调控胶体的粒径,进而控制膜层微观结构,研究膜层微观结构与激光损伤阈值的关系。纳米粒度仪和扫描探针显微镜测试表明:PVB加入溶胶后,控制了二氧化硅胶粒的生长,使二氧化硅胶粒生长更均匀,因而膜层的微观结构更均匀。当PVB质量分数为1%时,胶体粒径为15 nm,分散系数小于0.1。用该胶体镀膜,膜层均匀,表面粗糙度小于3.25 nm。并且PVB加入后增加了膜层胶粒间的黏附性,使得膜层强度增大。PVB加入使膜层的激光损伤阈值有所增加。当PVB的添加量为1%时,膜层的激光损失阈值从30.0 J/cm2增加到40.1 J/cm2。膜层激光损伤阈值的增加与膜层微观均匀性和物理强度的增加有关。     

The influence of preparative parameters on the adhesion of alumina washcoats deposited on metallic supports

Well-adhered alumina washcoats on FeCrAl metallic supports were prepared using boehmite sols and alumina slurries. The microstructure and the surface performance of the washcoat/support were investigated by SEM, XRD, and ultrasonic vibration. The effects of the main preparative parameters on the coating adherence were studied. The optimal coating conditions are presented as follows: pre-oxidation of the metallic supports was performed at 900 °C for 10 h, the sol layer loadings were 2.0-6.6 wt.%, and the slurry layer loadings were less than 25.3 wt.%. The sol layer drying was performed at 30 °C for 1 h and that for the slurry layer the drying was performed at 120 °C for 2 h, and the coating calcining was performed at 900 °C for 2 h. The SEM photographs of coated samples show that alumina washcoats were well deposited on the metallic supports.     

A new strategy for the synthesis of pillared clays with super galleries: Direct intercalation of metal oxide sols (DIMOS)

The direct intercalation of metal oxide sols (DIMOS) is a promising new route to pillared clays with highly expanded super galleries, as judged from the properties of products obtained from the reaction of silica sols with Na⁺-montmorillonite. Silica-clay compositions in the range 1:1 to 10:1 (wt./wt.) were prepared by allowing mixtures of positively charged sol (pH=3.0) and clay to evaporate in air at room temperature. A stabilized commercial sol (Nalco 1115, ∼40 Å) and a sol freshly prepared by tetraethylorthosilicate hydrolysis gave products with similar XRD, thermogravimetric, and N₂ BET surface area properties. Although regular intercalation was not observed for any of the products, complete segregation of the clay and silica into separate phases was precluded by surface area values (250–460 m²/g) that were substantially larger than those from the pure silica (176–259 m²/g) and clay (50 m²/g) components. Thus, specific sol-clay interactions stabilize the sol particles against further particle growth during reaction. Such interactions are essential for the successful implementation of DIMOS routes to pillared clays with very large gallery heights. Additional pre-requisites for efficient DIMOS pathways to new generations of super gallery clays are identified and discussed.