弱化希尔伯特第16问题及其研究现状

V.I.Arnold多次提出如下问题:对于给定的自然数n≥2,所有n次多项式1-形式,沿一切可能的m≥3次闭代数曲线族的阿贝尔积分的孤立零点的最大个数Z(m,n)=?由Poincare-Pontryagin定理可知,当阿贝尔积分不恒为零时,A(n)=Z(n+1,n)给出n次Hamilton系统在n次多项式扰动下从原有周期环域分支出极限环的最大个数,因此Arnold把这个问题称为弱化的希尔伯特第16问题.30多年来,对此问题的研究取得了一定进展,也遇到了很大困难.本文拟对这个问题和相关研究工作做一个粗浅的介绍.     

On the algebraic structure of Abelian integrals for a kind of perturbed cubic Hamiltonian systems

The finite generators of Abelian integral are obtained, where Γh is a family of closed ovals defined by H(x,y)=x²+y²+ax⁴+bx²y²+cy⁴=h, h∈Σ, ac(4ac−b²)≠0, Σ=(0,h₁) is the open interval on which Γh is defined, f(x,y), g(x,y) are real polynomials in x and y with degree 2n+1 (n?2). And an upper bound of the number of zeros of Abelian integral I(h) is given by its algebraic structure for a special case a>0, b=0, c=1.     

Bifurcation of limit cycles for a class of cubic polynomial system having a nilpotent singular point

In this paper, center conditions and bifurcations of limit cycles for a class of cubic polynomial system in which the origin is a nilpotent singular point are studied. A recursive formula is derived to compute quasi-Lyapunov constant. Using the computer algebra system Mathematica, the first seven quasi-Lyapunov constants of the system are deduced. At the same time, the conditions for the origin to be a center and 7-order fine focus are derived respectively. A cubic polynomial system that bifurcates seven limit cycles enclosing the origin (node) is constructed.     

The number and distributions of limit cycles for a class of cubic near-Hamiltonian systems

This paper concerns with the number of limit cycles for a cubic Hamiltonian system under cubic perturbation. The fact that there exist 9-11 limit cycles is proved. The different distributions of limit cycles are given by using methods of bifurcation theory and qualitative analysis, among which two distributions of eleven limit cycles are new.     

Twelve limit cycles around a singular point in a planar cubic-degree polynomial system

In this paper, we prove the existence of 12 small-amplitude limit cycles around a singular point in a planar cubic-degree polynomial system. Based on two previously developed cubic systems in the literature, which have been proved to exhibit 11 small-amplitude limit cycles, we applied a different method to show 11 limit cycles. Moreover, we show that one of the systems can actually have 12 small-amplitude limit cycles around a singular point. This is the best result so far obtained in cubic planar vector fields around a singular point.     

Perturbation from an asymmetric cubic Hamiltonian

This paper concerns with the number of limit cycles from an asymmetric Hamiltonian of degree three under cubic perturbation. Eleven limit cycles are found and three different distributions are given by using the methods of bifurcation theory and qualitative analysis, two of which are new.     

一类哈密顿系统的Abel积分之比单调性的判据

研究了一类哈密顿系统的两个Abel积分比值的单调性的条件,指出这个单调性条件可由文中给出的两个判定函数直接确定.     

Abel-like differential equations with no periodic solutions

We present various criteria for the non-existence of positive periodic solutions of generalized Abel differential equations with periodic coefficients that can change sign. As an application, we obtain some families of planar vector fields without limit cycles.     

Bifurcations of limit cycles in equivariant quintic planar vector fields

In this paper, we obtain 23 limit cycles for a _Z3$Z_3$-equivariant near-Hamiltonian system of degree 5 which is the perturbation of a _Z6$Z_6$-equivariant quintic Hamiltonian system. The configuration of these limit cycles is new and different from the configuration obtained by H.S.Y. Chan, K.W. Chung and J. Li, where the unperturbed system is a _Z3$Z_3$-equivariant quintic Hamiltonian system. Our unperturbed system is different from the unperturbed systems studied by Y. Wu and M. Han. The limit cycles are obtained by Poincaré–Pontryagin theorem and Poincaré–Bendixson theorem.     

The number of limit cycles of cubic Hamiltonian system with perturbation

In this paper, by using qualitative analysis, we investigate the number of limit cycles of perturbed cubic Hamiltonian system with perturbation in the form of (2n+2m) or (2n+2m+1)th degree polynomials . We show that the perturbed systems has at most (n+m) limit cycles, and has at most n limit cycles if m=1. If m=1, n=1 and m=1, n=2, the general conditions for the number of existing limit cycles and the stability of the limit cycles will be established, respectively. Such conditions depend on the coefficients of the perturbed terms. In order to illustrate our results, two numerical examples on the location and stability of the limit cycles are given.     

Limit cycles for rigid cubic systems

We consider planar cubic systems with a unique rest point of center-focus type and constant angular velocity. For such systems we obtain an affine classification in three families, and, for two of them, their corresponding phase portraits on the Poincaré sphere. We also prove that for two of these families there is uniqueness of limit cycle. With respect the third family, we give the bifurcation diagram and phase portraits on the Poincaré sphere of a one-parameter sub-family exhibiting at least two limit cycles.     

一类Hamilton系统的Abel积分比值单调性的判别条件

用直接计算的方法对一类Hamilton系统的两个Abel积分比值的单调性进行讨论,指出该单词性条件可由两个判定函数直接确定．     

Sixteen large-amplitude limit cycles in a septic system

In this paper, bifurcation of limit cycles from the infinity of a two-dimensional septic polynomial differential system is investigated. Sufficient and necessary conditions for the infinity to be a center are derived and the fact that there exist 16 large amplitude limit cycles bifurcated from the infinity is proved as well. The study relays on making use of a recursive formula for computing the singular point quantities of the infinity. As far as we know, this is the first example of a septic system with 16 limit cycles bifurcated from the infinity.     

Bifurcations of limit cycles in a Z6-equivariant planar vector field of degree 5

A concrete numerical example of Z6-equivariant planar perturbed Hamiltonian polynomial vector fields of degree 5 having at least 24 limit cycles and the configurations of compound eyes are given by using the bifurcation theory of planar dynamical systems and the method of detection functions. There is reason to conjecture that the Hilbert number H(2k + 1) ≥ (2k + 1)2 - 1 for the perturbed Hamiltonian systems.     

The Same Distribution of Limit Cycles in a Hamiltonian System with Nine Seven-order Perturbed Terms

Using qualitative analysis and numerical simulation, we investigate the number and distribution of limit cycles for a cubic Hamiltonian system with nine different seven-order perturbed terms. It is showed that these perturbed systems have the same distribution of limit cycles. Furthermore, these systems have 13, 11 and 9 limit cycles for some parameters, respectively. The accurate positions of the 13, 11 and 9 limit cycles are obtained by numerical exploration, respectively. Our results imply that these perturbed systems are equivalent in the sense of distribution of limit cycles. This is useful for studying limit cycles of perturbed systems.     

The center conditions and bifurcation of limit cycles at the infinity for a cubic polynomial system

In this paper, the problem of center conditions and bifurcation of limit cycles at the infinity for a class of cubic systems are investigated. The method is based on a homeomorphic transformation of the infinity into the origin, the first 21 singular point quantities are obtained by computer algebra system Mathematica, the conditions of the origin to be a center and a 21st order fine focus are derived, respectively. Correspondingly, we construct a cubic system which can bifurcate seven limit cycles from the infinity by a small perturbation of parameters. At the end, we study the isochronous center conditions at the infinity for the cubic system.     

Bifurcations of limit cycles from a quintic Hamiltonian system with a heteroclinic cycle

In this paper,we consider Li′enard systems of the form dx/dt=y,dy/dt=x+bx3-x5+ε(α+βx2+γx4)y,where b∈R,0|ε|1,(α,β,γ)∈D∈R3 and D is bounded.We prove that for |b|1(b0) the least upper bound of the number of isolated zeros of the related Abelian integrals I(h)=∮Γh(α+βx2+γx4)ydx is 2(counting the multiplicity) and this upper bound is a sharp one.     

具有一类三次曲线解的Kolmogorov三次系统的极限环的存在性

证明了具有三次曲线解y=-x(x-1)2 4/24的Kolmogorov三次系统是有存在极限环可能的.     

On the number of limit cycles bifurcating from a non-global degenerated center

We give an upper bound for the number of zeros of an Abelian integral. This integral controls the number of limit cycles that bifurcate, by a polynomial perturbation of arbitrary degree n, from the periodic orbits of the integrable system , where H is the quasi-homogeneous Hamiltonian H(x,y)=x2k/(2k)+y²/2. The tools used in our proofs are the Argument Principle applied to a suitable complex extension of the Abelian integral and some techniques in real analysis.