晶体级联方式的宽带三倍频方案分析

 讨论了入射基频光频谱宽度、两块和频晶体失谐角对KDP晶体Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅱ类角度失谐级联方式的三倍频光功率谱分布的影响,分析了影响三倍频效率的因素。研究结果表明,第二块和频晶体得到的三倍频光的功率谱分布与基频光功率谱分布及失谐角有关,三倍频光频谱宽度近似为基频光的3倍,采用该方案的三倍频可有效抑制由于基频光时间相位调制导致的三倍频光强随时间分布的不均匀,并能有效提高大带宽条件下的三倍频转换效率。同时,采用该方案的三倍频,对级联的两块和频晶体厚度及失谐角调整精度要求不高,在实验上有很大的可操作性。     

晶体级联方式的宽带三倍频方案分析

讨论了入射基频光频谱宽度、两块和频晶体失谐角对KDP晶体Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅱ类角度失谐级联方式的三倍频光功率谱分布的影响,分析了影响三倍频效率的因素。研究结果表明,第二块和频晶体得到的三倍频光的功率谱分布与基频光功率谱分布及失谐角有关,三倍频光频谱宽度近似为基频光的3倍,采用该方案的三倍频可有效抑制由于基频光时间相位调制导致的三倍频光强随时间分布的不均匀,并能有效提高大带宽条件下的三倍频转换效率。同时,采用该方案的三倍频,对级联的两块和频晶体厚度及失谐角调整精度要求不高,在实验上有很大的可操作性。     

High-order harmonic generation in a tightly focused laser beam

The force due to the transverse magnetic field of a laser beam drives an electron in the direction of laser propagation, thereby impeding the recollision mechanism for high-order harmonic generation. The longitudinal electric field component of a tightly focused Gaussian beam can sufficiently counteract the magnetic force to enhance the harmonic yield substantially. For tight focusing and a laser intensity of 10(18) W/cm2, it can raise the harmonic yield by several orders of magnitude.     

Efficient fifth harmonic generation of Nd:glass laser in ADP crystals

Fifth harmonic generation(5th HG) of a Nd:glass laser is an effective way to acquire high-energy coherent deepultraviolet radiation near 200 nm. In this work, cascade generation of the fifth harmonic of a Nd:glass laser in a 5 mm ammonium dihydrogen phosphate(ADP) crystal was investigated, and maximum conversion efficiency of 14% and large angular acceptance of 45 mrad were demonstrated at a noncritical phase-matching temperature of-75.1°C. However, as the results reveal, the temperature sensitivity and nonlinear absorption would hinder its high-energy application. As for that, based on the complementary relationship of the angle and temperature in the phase-matching condition, an upgraded focusing 5th HG design coupled with the cylindrical temperature distribution scheme was proposed. By this upgraded focusing design, more than the improvement of the conversion efficiency, the output 5ω near-field intensity distribution turns out to be insensitive to the temperature gradient. Potentially, this idea can be applied for many other frequency conversion schemes such as high-repetition frequency lasers, which have similar temperature gradient problems.     

利用相位啁啾单色中红外激光场产生高次谐波

本文通过求解薛定谔方程,理论探索了高次谐波及孤立阿秒脉冲在相位调制的单色中红外激光场中的产生.研究结果表明,通过加入含时相位啁啾小量,能够有效的提高高次谐波的产生效率,获得超宽平台谐波谱及超短孤立阿秒脉冲.特别是在相位为0.3π的基础上,同时加入啁啾小量βt,在β=0.3时,可得到带宽为822 e V的超连续高次谐波平台.最后通过叠加第二平台高次谐波,可得到带宽仅为2.7 as的孤立阿秒脉冲.且脉冲强度比没有加入啁啾小量的情况下显著增强.     

Colored conical emission by means of second harmonic generation in a quadratically nonlinear medium

Colored conical emission was observed experimentally in a thick beta-barium borate crystal as a result of spatiotemporal modulational instability. In the presence of both dispersion and diffraction, colored conical emission showed specific features that were characteristic of the nonlinear dynamics of the strongly coupled fundamental and harmonic fields. Experimental observation directly demonstrated that beam angular spectra were substantially modified as a result of exponential growth of perturbations by means of parametric wave mixing. Seeded amplification of colored conical emission was demonstrated to support ultrabroadband up-conversion.     

Using harmonic beam combining to generate pulse-burst in nonlinear optical laser

The ultrashort lasers working in pulse-burst mode reveal great machining performance in recent years. The number of pulses in bursts effects greatly on the removal rate and roughness. To generate a more equal amplitude of pulses in burst with linear polarization output and time gap adjustable, we propose a new method by the harmonic beam combining(HBC).The beam combining is commonly used in adding pulses into the output beam while maintaining the pulse waveform and beam quality. In the HBC, dich...     

High order harmonic generation optimization with an apertured laser beam

We report a systematic study of high order harmonic generation with an infrared laser apertured by an iris, as a function of the aperture size. Measurements were made of harmonic generation efficiency for different gas species, laser energies and focal geometries. Harmonic efficiencies as a function of aperture show a characteristic peaked shape, which is independent of gas species and harmonic order. A one dimensional, time dependent simulation of harmonic generation in a gas cell, taking into account experimentally measured transverse coherence of the laser, closely reproduces the observed behaviours. We show that the aperture diameter which maximizes harmonic yield is the result of a compromise between considerations of focal geometry and ionization (which favour small apertures); and harmonic dipole amplitude and phase (which favour large apertures). Received 31 May 2002 Published online 24 September 2002 RID="a" ID="a"e-mail: kazamias@ensta.fr RID="b" ID="b"UMR 7639 du CNRS     

金属纳米颗粒等离激元共振增强非线性介质谐波的发展现状

随着纳米加工和制备技术的不断发展,金属纳米粒子的等离激元光学特性已得到了广泛的研究与应用。本文基于金属纳米颗粒等离激元共振特性,分析了金属纳米颗粒等离激元共振对介质谐波的增强机制,综述了该增强机制在近几年所取得的最新研究成果及其在生物成像领域的应用。金属纳米颗粒等离激元共振在增强介质非线性特性领域的发展趋势是从简单的金属纳米颗粒向复杂形状纳米颗粒和金属纳米颗粒组装体的发展,这些新型金属纳米颗粒在非线性光学、生物医学上的疾病诊断和治疗有良好的实际应用前景。     

Efficient generation of high-power quasi-single-cycle terahertz pulses from a single infrared beam in a second-order nonlinear medium

It is shown that the coherence lengths for terahertz (THz) generation based on difference-frequency generation within an ultrafast infrared pulse can be sufficiently long for a wide bandwidth about each phase-matching wavelength owing to a slight dispersion in the THz region. As a result, quasi-single-cycle THz pulses can be efficiently generated. An efficient conversion for the parametric process is made possible not only by use of the wide phase-matching bandwidth but also by optimization of the pulse width for each peak THz frequency. I have investigated the strong-pump regime and found the limits to the conversion efficiencies to generate high peak intensities efficiently for THz waves with which to explore nonlinear regimes of the THz interactions.     

Theoretical analysis of hot-image effect in a high-power laser system with cascaded nonlinear medium

We present a universally applicable and quick method to forecast the intensity and location of the hot-image effects in a high-power laser system structured by cascaded Kerr medium plates. The analytical expressions for the locations and the peak intensity of the hot-images are deduced by using propagation matrix method. The results are useful for laser designers to estimate and minimize the threat of optical damage. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that a maximum of N hot-images may appear in a laser system structured by N cascaded Kerr medium plates and the distance between two adjacent hot-images is two times the interval between two adjacent Kerr medium plates. The number and locations of the hot-images are related with the number of the Kerr medium plates, the distance from the scatterer to the front of the first Kerr medium plate, and the interval between two adjacent Kerr medium plates. The peak intensity of the hot-images depends on the number of the Kerr medium plates, the B-integral of each Kerr medium plate, the amplitude and phase modulation coefficients of the scatterer and the peak intensity of the input beam. The hot-image effects in a laser system with cascaded Kerr medium plates from two to eight are discussed in detail and numerically analyzed. Numerical simulation results are in agreement with the theoretical results.     

Optical harmonic generation and laser light frequency mixing processes in nonlinear media

The essential results achieved during the ten years since the coming of lasers, in the fields of second, third and higher harmonic generation in reflected and transmitted, continuous and pulsed laser light, frequency mixing processes in various materials, and nonlinear optical properties of liquids, gases, crystals and other materials are reported concisely from the available literature. Stress is laid on the newer and more stimulating experimental results, and on their relation with other nonlinear phenomena.Invited review article given on 6 April 1970, at the IVth Polish Conference on Radiospectroscopy and Quantum Electronics in Pozna. This review covers only such papers as were directly accessible to the author.     

Walk off compensation, multicrystal, cascaded, single pass, second harmonic generation in LBO

Walk off compensation and multi crystal (MC) cascaded single pass second harmonic generation (SP-SHG) in LBO was combined to improve the SHG conversion efficiency. We report a simple and compact implementation for (SP-SHG) of radiation, based on a cascaded multicrystal (MC) scheme that can provide high conversion efficiency without other focusing device, the enhancement factor of 2.9 was realized. At an incident pump power of 20 W, the average power of 6.1 W and pulse width of 12 ns green laser was obtained at a repetition rate of 42.4 kHz, corresponding to a peak power of 12 kW and single pulse energy of 144 ??J. The optical to optical conversion efficiency from diode to green and from IR to green laser are about 30.5 and 67.8%, the whole length of this system is about 150 mm, the output fluctuation of this system is less than 5% in 2 h.     

Efficient phase-matched third harmonic light generation in hexafluoroisopropanol solutions of a pyrimidonecarbocyanine dye

The phase-matched collinear third harmonic generation of picosecond laser pulses in a 0.0825 molar hexafluoroisopropanol solution of a pyrimidonecarbocyanine dye is studied. The fundamental pulses are generated in a passively mode-locked Nd-phosphate glass laser. The saturation of third harmonic generation at high intensities is investigated. The influences of two-photon absorption, excited-state absorption, and amplified spontaneous emission are discussed. For input peak intensities above 10¹¹ W/cm² a third harmonic energy conversion of about 2×10^–4 is achieved.     

Peculiarities of self-action in second harmonic generation of laser radiation in nonlinear crystals

By using the generalized method of strong interaction of nonlinear waves and computer simulation, an analysis of the influence of self-action effects on second harmonic generation of an intense diverging picosecond pulse is performed. Using the approximation of strong wave interaction, an analytic solution is obtained for frequency conversion of the laser radiation taking into account the pump intensity depletion, the influence of the angular dispersion effect (ADE), and the higher nonlinearities. It is shown that the self-action effects, the ADE, and the linear phase mismatch can compensate for each other, increasing the efficiency of second harmonic generation. Optimum conditions for second harmonic generation in converging and diverging laser beams were found. An asymmetry of the angular dependence of the second harmonic intensity was experimentally observed and theoretically explained. The asymmetry is caused by the reverse energy conversion of the second harmonic into the pump by the influence of the ADE and Kerr nonlinearities.     

Terahertz generation by nonlinear mixing of laser and its second harmonic in a rippled density plasma

Terahertz radiation generation by second-order nonlinear mixing of laser $ (\omega_{1} ,\,\vec{k}_{1} ) $ and its frequency shifted second harmonic $ \omega_{2} = 2\omega_{1} - \omega ,\,\,\vec{k}_{2} \, $ $ (\omega \ll \omega_{1} ) $ in a plasma, in the presence of an obliquely inclined density ripple of wave number $ \vec{q} $ , are investigated. The lasers exert ponderomotive force on electrons and drive density perturbations at $ (2\omega_{1} ,\,2\vec{k}_{1} - \vec{q}) $ and $ (\omega_{1} - \omega_{2} ,\,\vec{k}_{1} - \vec{k}_{2} - \vec{q}) $ . These perturbations beat with the electron oscillatory velocities due to the lasers to produce a nonlinear current at $ \omega ,\,\vec{k} = 2\vec{k}_{1} - \vec{k}_{2} - \vec{q} $ , resonantly driving the terahertz radiation when $ \vec{q} $ satisfies the phase matching condition. The radiated THz intensity depends on the relative polarization of the lasers and scales as the square of intensity of the fundamental laser and linearly with the square root of the intensity of the second harmonic. The THz emission is maximized when the polarization of the lasers is aligned. These results are consistent with the recent experimental results.     

Two-dimensional diffraction on a cylinder induced by a laser beam in a nonlinear gradient medium

A wave theory was developed and a numerical simulation performed of the diffractive flow of a signal wave around a negative inhomogeneity induced by a cylindrical pump beam in nonlinear medium while keeping both waves in the potential well. It was shown that a broad pump beam reflects a narrow signal beam. A nonlinear waveguide (a dark soliton) is described as well. These phenomena can be observed in Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) and in a gradient waveguide.     

High-order harmonic generation by nonlinear reflection of an intense high-contrast laser pulse on a plasma

We demonstrate the use of a plasma mirror to obtain 60-fs 10-TW laser pulses with a temporal contrast of 10(8) on a nanosecond time scale and 10(6) on a picosecond time scale, and we use these high-contrast pulses to generate high harmonics by nonlinear reflection on a plasma with a steep electronic density gradient. Well-collimated harmonics up to 20th order are observed for a laser intensity of approximately equal to 3 x 10(17) W/cm2, whereas no harmonics are obtained without the plasma mirror.