有向路和有向圈的控制集数

1引言设G=(V,E)为无向图．子集D (?)V(G)是无向图G的控制集,如果对于任意的y,∈V(G)-D,都存在x∈D,使xy∈E(G)．G的控制集D是G的分裂控制集,如果G中由V(G)-D导出的子图G〈V(G)-D〉是不连通的．G的一个控制集D是G的一个强(弱)控制集,若dG(x)≥d_G(y)(d_G(x)≤d_G(y)),其中d_G(x)表示G中与点x关联的边数．对于有向图H=(V,A),子集D(?)V(H)称为H的控制集,如果对于任意的y∈     

泛连通图定理和Ore2条件

记Ore2=min{d(y) d(x)|x,y∈V(G),d(x,y)=2}，本得到：若n阶图G的Ore2≥n 1，则G是[5;n]泛连通图。此是比Faudree等人的定理进一步的结果。     

偶图中过给定独立边集的圈

这里考虑的一切图均为简单的,以V(G),E(G)分别表示图G的节点集和边集。设H是G的子图,x∈V(H),用d_H(x)表示H中与节点x相邻节点的个数。如果e=(x,y)∈E(H),x,y是e的端点,则让d_H(e)=d_H(x)+d_H(y)。设A、B是V(G)的两个节点不交的子集,用E(A:B)表示G中一端在A中另一端在B中边的个数。设M是G     

一个图的匹配数条件

设G是一个简单图,在图G中任意一个最大匹配的基数叫做G的匹配数,记作v(G),在这篇文章中我们获得了下面的结果,(1)设G是连通的和不完全的,则对于x,y∈v(G)和xyE(G),v(G-{x,y}=v(G)-1的充分必要条件是(a)G[A(G)]是完全的和A(G)的每一个点和C(G)的每一个点相邻,(b)c(D(G))=|A(G)| 1,和(c)y∈D(G-x)对于x,y∈C(G)。(2)设G是连通的和不完全的,则v(G-{x,y})=v(G)-2对于x,y∈V(G)和xyE(G)的充分必要条件是GK_(n,n),其中n≥2。     

关于满足A(H)=3的图的存在问题

设 H 为任意的有限无向图.以 d_H(x,y)表示 H 的两个顶点 x,y 之间的距离.顶点 x在 H 中的联系数 e_H(x)=(?)d_H(x,y).图 H 的半径与直径分别为ρ(H)=(?)(x)与δ(H)=(?)(x).H 中以ρ(H)为联系数的顶点叫做 H 的中心点,全体中心点集的诱导子图叫做 H 的中心,记为 C(H).定义 A(H)=(?){|V(G)|-|V(H)|∶C(G)≌H}(G 为有限无向     

图的上可嵌入性与圈中顶点度

本文利用非上可嵌入图的充要条件,结合圈中顶点最大度与图的上可嵌入性之间的关系,得到了下两个结果:(1)设G是2-边连通简单图,若对G中任意圈G,存在点x∈C满足,d(x)>|V(G)|/3 1,则图G是上可嵌入的,且不等式的下界是不可达的.(2)设G={x,y;E}为简单二都图,且是2-边连通的. |x|=m,|Y|=n(m,n≥3),若对G中任意圈C,存在点x∈C且x∈X满足d(x)>n/3 1,则图G是上可嵌入的,且不等式的下界是不可达的.     

关于Simon和Murty猜想的证明

我们沿用书[1]中的记号和术语。设G=(V,E)是简单有限无向图,其中V=V(G),E=E(G)分别是G的顶点集合和棱集合。v(G)=|V(G)|,ε(G)=|E(G)|。设x,y∈V(G),x和y之间的距离d_G(x,y)定义为G中最短(x,y)路(path)的长度;如果x和y在G中不连通,则定义d_G(x,y)=∞。G的直径diam(G)定义为G中最大的距离,即     

图中具有推广的正交（g，f）-因子分解的子图

设G是一个图，具有顶点集V（G）和边集E（G）．设g和f是定义在V（G）上的整数值函数且对每个x∈y（G）有g（x）≤f（x）．本文证明了如下的结果：若G是一个（mg＋kr，mf-kr）一图，且对每个x∈V（G）有g（x）≥r-1，H和G的任意给定的有kr条边的子图，则G中含有一个子图R，使R有（g，f）-因子分解r-正交于H，其中m，k和r是正整数且k〈m.     

仙人掌图的邻点被扩展和可区别全染色

设G为简单图.G的全k-染色是指k种颜色1,2,…,k对图G的全体顶点及边的一个分配.设c是图G的一个全k-染色,任意的x∈V(G),称■为点x的扩展和,其中N(x)={y∈V(G)|xy∈E(G)}.称图G的全k-染色c为邻点被扩展和可区别(简记为NESD),如果w(x)≠w(y),其中xy∈E(G).使得图G存在NESD全k-染色的最小值k被称为图G的邻点被扩展和可区别全色数,简记为egndi_∑(G).本文利用数学归纳法探讨了仙人掌图的邻点被扩展和可区别全染色,并证明了这类图的邻点被扩展和可区别全色数不超过2.该结论说明Flandrin等人提出的NESDTC猜想对于仙人掌图是成立的.     

完全图全符号控制数的较小上界和下确界

设图G=G(V,E),令函数f∶V∪E→{-1,1},f的权w(f)=∑x∈V∪Ef[x],对V∪E中任一元素,定义f[x]=∑y∈NT[x]f(y),这里NT[x]表示V∪E中x及其关联边、邻点的集合.图G的全符号控制函数为f∶V∪E→{-1,1},满足对所有的x∈V∪E有f[x]1,图G的全符号控制数γT(G)就是图G上全符号控制数的最小权,称其f为图G的γT-函数.本文得到了完全图全符号控制数的一个较小上界和下确界.     

A REPRESENTATION FORMULA RELATED TO SCHR(O)DINGER OPERATORS

Schr(o)dinger operator is a central subject in the mathematical study of quantum mechanics.Consider the Schrodinger operator H = -△ V on R, where △ = d2/dx2 and the potential function V is real valued. In Fourier analysis, it is well-known that a square integrable function admits an expansion with exponentials as eigenfunctions of -△. A natural conjecture is that an L2 function admits a similar expansion in terms of "eigenfunctions" of H, a perturbation of the Laplacian (see [7], Ch. Ⅺ and the notes), under certain condition on V.     

Qualitative Analysis of Bifurcating Solutions in the Lengyel-Epstein Model

One of the most fundamental problems in theoretical biology is to explain the mechanisms by which patterns and forms are created in the＇living world. In his seminal paper ＂The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis＂, Turing showed that a system of coupled reaction-diffusion equations can be used to describe patterns and forms in biological systems. However, the first experimental evidence to the Turing patterns was observed by De Kepper and her associates（1990） on the CIMA reaction in an open unstirred reactor, almost 40 years after Turing＇s prediction. Lengyel and Epstein characterized this famous experiment using a system of reaction-diffusion equations. The Lengyel-Epstein model is in the form as follows     

On a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments in higher order Wiener chaoses

We study a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments belonging to higher order Wiener chaoses which are similar to Hermite processes. We obtain an almost sure wavelet-like expansion of these processes. This allows us to compute the pointwise and local Hölder regularity of sample paths and to analyse their behaviour at infinity. We also provide some results on the Hausdorff dimension of the range and graphs of multidimensional anisotropic self-similar processes with stationary increments defined by multiple Wiener–Itô integrals.     

(0,1 ;0)-INTERPOLATION ON INFINITE INTERVAL (-∞, +∞)

In this paper, we study the explicit representation and convergence of (0, 1; 0)-interpolation on infinite interval, which means to determine a polynomial of degree ≤ 3n - 2 when the function values are prescribed at two set of points namely the zeros of Hn(x) and H′n(x) and the first derivatives at the zeros of H′n(x).     

On a class of Riemann surfaces

It is considered the class of Riemann surfaces with dimT1 = 0, where T1 is a subclass of exact harmonic forms which is one of the factors in the orthogonal decomposition of the spaceΩH of harmonic forms of the surface, namely The surfaces in the class OHD and the class of planar surfaces satisfy dimT1 = 0. A.Pfluger posed the question whether there might exist other surfaces outside those two classes. Here it is shown that in the case of finite genus g, we should look for a surface S with dimT1 = 0 among the surfaces of the form Sg\K , where Sg is a closed surface of genus g and K a compact set of positive harmonic measure with perfect components and very irregular boundary.     

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 30

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Instructions for contributions

正Applied Mathematics-A Journal of Chinese Universities,Series B(Appl.Math.J.Chinese Univ.,Ser.B)is a comprehensive applied mathematics journal jointly sponsored by Zhejiang University,China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,and Springer-Verlag.It is a quarterly journal with     

Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications Guide for Authors

正Journal overview:Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications(JMRA),formerly Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition(JMRE)created in 1981,one of the transactions of China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,is a home for original research papers of the highest quality in all areas of mathematics with applications.The target audience comprises:pure and applied mathematicians,graduate students in broad fields of sciences and technology,scientists and engineers interested in mathematics.     

Staircase transportation problems with superadditive rewards and cumulative capacities

A cumulative-capacitated transportation problem is studied. The supply nodes and demand nodes are each chains. Shipments from a supply node to a demand node are possible only if the pair lies in a sublattice, or equivalently, in a staircase disjoint union of rectangles, of the product of the two chains. There are (lattice) superadditive upper bounds on the cumulative flows in all leading subrectangles of each rectangle. It is shown that there is a greatest cumulative flow formed by the natural generalization of the South-West Corner Rule that respects cumulative-flow capacities; it has maximum reward when the rewards are (lattice) superadditive; it is integer if the supplies, demands and capacities are integer; and it can be calculated myopically in linear time. The result is specialized to earlier work of Hoeffding (1940), Fréchet (1951), Lorentz (1953), Hoffman (1963) and Barnes and Hoffman (1985). Applications are given to extreme constrained bivariate distributions, optimal distribution with limited one-way product substitution and, generalizing results of Derman and Klein (1958), optimal sales with age-dependent rewards and capacities.To our friend, Philip Wolfe, with admiration and affection, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.Research was supported respectively by the IBM T.J. Watson and IBM Almaden Research Centers and is a minor revision of the IBM Research Report [6].