Syntheses and characterization of two oxoborates, (Pb3O)2(BO3)2MO4 (M=Cr, Mo)

Two oxoborates, (Pb₃O)₂(BO₃)₂MO₄ (M=Cr, Mo), have been prepared by solid-state reactions below 700 °C. Single-crystal XRD analyses showed that the Cr compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic group Pnma with a=6.4160(13) Å, b=11.635(2) Å, c=18.164(4) Å, Z=4 and the Mo analog in the group Cmcm with a=18.446(4) Å, b=6.3557(13) Å, c=11.657(2) Å, Z=4. Both compounds are characterized by one-dimensional chains formed by corner-sharing OPb₄ tetrahedra. BO₃ and CrO₄ (MoO₄) groups are located around the chains to hold them together via Pb–O bonds. The IR spectra further confirmed the presence of BO₃ groups in both structures and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra showed band gaps of about 1.8 and 2.9 eV for the Cr and Mo compounds, respectively. Band structure calculations indicated that (Pb₃O)₂(BO₃)₂MoO₄ is a direct semiconductor with the calculated energy gap of about 2.4 eV.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of a novel ternary oxoborate, PbBiBO4

A novel ternary borate oxide, lead bismuth boron tetraoxide, PbBiBO₄, has been prepared by solid-state reaction at temperature below 800 °C. The single-crystal X-ray structural analysis showed that PbBiBO₄ crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n with , , , β=91.48(1), Z=4. It represents a new structure type in which distorted BiO₆⁹⁻ octahedra are connected to each other in corner- and edge-sharing manner to form two-dimensional layers that are bridged by B atoms of BO₃ triangles giving rise to a three-dimensional framework, with channels parallel to the [0 1 0] direction accommodating the pyramidally coordinated Pb²⁺ cations.     

Photoluminescence properties of a novel phosphor, Na3La9O3(BO3)8:RE(RE=Eu,Tb)

The new oxyborate phosphors, Na₃La₉O₃(BO₃)₈:Eu³⁺ (NLBO:Eu) and Na₃La₉O₃(BO₃)₈:Tb³⁺ (NLBO:Tb) were prepared by solid-state reactions. The photoluminescence characteristics under UV excitation were investigated. The dominated emission of Eu³⁺ corresponding to the electric dipole transition ⁵D₀→⁷F₂ is located at 613 nm and bright green luminescence of NLBO:Tb attributed to the transition ⁵D₄→⁷F₅ is centered at 544 nm. The concentration dependence of the emission intensity showed that the optimum doping concentration of Eu and Tb is 30% and 10%, respectively.     

Synthesis and nonlinear optical properties of BaTi(BO3)2 and Ba3Ti3O6(BO3)2 crystals in glasses with high TiO2 contents

The ternary BaO-TiO₂-B₂O₃ glasses containing a large amount of TiO₂ (20-40 mol%) are prepared, and their optical basicities (Λ), the formation, structural features and second-order optical nonlinearities of BaTi(BO₃)₂ and Ba₃Ti₃O₆(BO₃)₂ crystals are examined to develop new nonlinear optical materials. It is found that the glasses with high TiO₂ contents of 30-40 mol% show large optical basicities of Λ=0.81-0.87, suggesting the high polarizabity of TiO_n polyhedra (n=4-6) in the glasses. BaTi(BO₃)₂ and Ba₃Ti₃O₆(BO₃)₂ crystals are found to be formed as main crystalline phases in the glasses. It is found that BaTi(BO₃)₂ crystals tend to orient at the surface of crystallized glasses. The new XRD pattern for the Ba₃Ti₃O₆(BO₃)₂ phase is proposed through Rietvelt analysis. The second harmonic intensities of crystallized glasses were found to be 0.8 times as large as α-quartz powders, i.e., I^2ω(sample)/I^2ω(α-quartz)=0.8, for the sample with BaTi(BO₃)₂ crystals and to be I^2ω(sample)/I^2ω(α-quartz)=68 for the sample with Ba₃Ti₃O₆(BO₃)₂ crystals. The Raman scattering spectra for these two crystalline phases are measured for the first time and their structural features are discussed.     

Synthesis, crystal structure, infrared and Raman spectra of Sr4Cu3(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)4·3H2O and Ba2Cu4(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)3

The two new compounds, Sr₄Cu₃(AsO₄)₂(AsO₃OH)₄·3H₂O (1) and Ba₂Cu₄(AsO₄)₂(AsO₃OH)₃(2), were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. They represent previously unknown structure types and are the first compounds synthesized in the systems SrO/BaO-CuO-As₂O₅-H₂O. Their crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction [space group C2/c, a=18.536(4) Å, b=5.179(1) Å, c=24.898(5) Å, β=93.67(3)°, V=2344.0(8) Å³, Z=4 for 1; space group P4₂/n, a=7.775(1) Å, c=13.698(3) Å, V=828.1(2) Å³, Z=2 for 2]. The crystal structure of 1 is related to a group of compounds formed by Cu²⁺-(XO₄)³⁻ layers (X=P⁵⁺, As⁵⁺) linked by M cations (M=alkali, alkaline earth, Pb²⁺, or Ag⁺) and partly by hydrogen bonds. In 1, worth mentioning is the very short hydrogen bond length, D···A=2.477(3) Å. It is one of the examples of extremely short hydrogen bonds, where the donor and acceptor are crystallographically different. Compound 2 represents a layered structure consisting of Cu₂O₈ centrosymmetric dimers crosslinked by As1φ₄ tetrahedra, where φ is O or OH, which are interconnected by Ba, As2 and hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional network. The layers are formed by Cu₂O₈ centrosymmetric dimers of CuO₅ edge-sharing polyhedra, crosslinked by As1O₄ tetrahedra. Vibrational spectra (FTIR and Raman) of both compounds are described. The spectroscopic manifestation of the very short hydrogen bond in 1, and ABC-like spectra in 2 were discussed.     

Non-centrosymmetric Ba3Ti3O6(BO3)2

The compound previously reported as Ba₂Ti₂B₂O₉ has been reformulated as Ba₃Ti₃B₂O₁₂, or Ba₃Ti₃O₆(BO₃)₂, a new barium titanium oxoborate. Small single crystals have been recovered from a melt with a composition of BaTiO₃:BaTiB₂O₆ (molar ratio) cooled between 1100°C and 850°C. The crystal structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction: hexagonal system, non-centrosymmetric space group, a=8.7377(11) Å, c=3.9147(8) Å, Z=1, wR(F²)=0.039 for 504 unique reflections. Ba₃Ti₃O₆(BO₃)₂ is isostructural with K₃Ta₃O₆(BO₃)₂. Preliminary measurements of nonlinear optical properties on microcrystalline samples show that the second harmonic generation efficiency of Ba₃Ti₃O₆(BO₃)₂ is equal to 95% of that of LiNbO₃.     

A new promising phosphor, Na3La2(BO3)3:Ln (Ln=Eu, Tb)

We present an efficient way to search a host for ultraviolet (UV) phosphor from UV nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. With the guidance, Na₃La₂(BO₃)₃ (NLBO), as a promising NLO material with a broad transparency range and high damage threshold, was adopted as a host material for the first time. The lanthanide ions (Tb³⁺ and Eu³⁺)-doped NLBO phosphors have been synthesized by solid-state reaction. Luminescent properties of the Ln-doped (Ln=Tb³⁺, Eu³⁺) sodium lanthanum borate were investigated under UV ray excitation. The emission spectrum was employed to probe the local environments of Eu³⁺ ions in NLBO crystal. For red phosphor, NLBO:Eu, the measured dominating emission peak was at 613 nm, which is attributed to ⁵D₀-⁷F₂ transition of Eu³⁺. The luminescence indicates that the local symmetry of Eu³⁺ in NLBO crystal lattice has no inversion center. Optimum Eu³⁺ concentration of NLBO:Eu³⁺ under UV excitation with 395 nm wavelength is about 30 mol%. The green phosphor, NLBO:Tb, showed bright green emission at 543 with 252 nm excited light. The measured concentration quenching curve demonstrated that the maximum concentration of Tb³⁺ in NLBO was about 20%. The luminescence mechanism of Ln-doped NLBO (Tb³⁺ and Eu³⁺) was analyzed. The relative high quenching concentration was also discussed.     

Cr2(WO4)3和Cr2(MoO4)3的负热膨胀特性研究

用液相反应-前驱物烧结法制备了Cr₂(WO₄)₃和Cr₂(MoO₄)₃粉体。298～1 073 K的原位粉末X射线衍射数据表明Cr₂(WO₄)₃和Cr₂(MoO₄)₃的晶胞体积随温度的升高而增大, 本征线热膨胀系数分别为(1.274±0.003)×10^-6 K^-1和(1.612±0.003)×10^-6 K^-1。用热膨胀仪研究了Cr₂(WO₄)₃和Cr₂(MoO₄)₃在静态空气中298～1 073 K范围内热膨胀行为，即开始表现为正热膨胀，随后在相转变点达到最大值，最后表现为负热膨胀，其负热膨胀系数分别为(-7.033±0.014)×10^-6 K^-1和(-9.282±0.019)×10^-6 K^-1。     

Structure of two new borates YCa3(AlO)3(BO3)4 and YCa3(GaO)3(BO3)4

By replacing Mn in YCa₃(MnO)₃(BO₃)₄ with trivalent Al and Ga, two new borates with the compositions of YCa₃(MO)₃(BO₃)₄ (M=Al, Ga) were prepared by solid-state reaction. Structure refinements from X-ray powder diffraction data revealed that both of them are isostructural to gaudefroyite with a hexagonal space group P6₃/m. Cell parameters of a=10.38775(13)Å, c=5.69198(10)Å for the Al-containing compound and a=10.5167(3)Å, c=5.8146(2)Å for the Ga analog were obtained from the refinements. The structure is constituted of AlO₆ or GaO₆ octahedral chains interconnected by BO₃ groups in the ab plane to form a Kagomé-type lattice, leaving trigonal and apatite-like tunnels. It is found that most rare-earth and Cr, Mn ions can be substituted into the Y³⁺ and M³⁺ sites, respectively, and the preference of rare-earth ions to locate in the trigonal tunnel is correlated to the sizes of the M³⁺ ions.     

Synthesis, crystal structure and optical properties of a novel sodium lead pentaborate, NaPbB5O9

A novel sodium lead pentaborate, NaPbB₅O₉, has been successfully synthesized by standard solid-state reaction. The single-crystal X-ray structural analysis showed that NaPbB₅O₉ crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a=6.5324(10) Å, b=13.0234(2) Å, c=8.5838(10) Å, β=104.971(10)°, and Z=4. The crystal structure is composed of double ring [B₅O₉]³⁻ units, [PbO₇] and [NaO₇] polyhedra. [B₅O₉]³⁻ groups connect with each other forming two-dimensional infinite _∞[B₅O₉]³⁻ layers, while [PbO₇] and [NaO₇] polyhedra are located between the layers. [PbO₇] polyhedra linked together via corner-sharing O atom forming novel infinite _∞[PbO₆] chains along the c axis. The thermal behavior, IR spectrum and the optical diffuse reflectance spectrum of NaPbB₅O₉ were reported.     

Temperature behavior of the protonic conductor K4LiH3(SO4)4

The results of the X-ray structural study for the K₄LiH₃(SO₄)₄ single crystal are presented at a wide temperature range. The thermal expansion of the crystal using the X-ray dilatometry and the capacitance dilatometry from 8 to 500 K was carried out. The crystal structures data collection, solution and refinement at 125, 295, 443 and 480 K were performed. The K₄LiH₃(SO₄)₄ crystal has tetragonal symmetry with the P4₁ space group (Z=4) at room temperature as well as at the considered temperature range. The existence of a low-temperature, para-ferroelastic phase transition at about 120 K is excluded. The layered structure of the crystal reflects a cleavage plane parallel to (001) and an anisotropy of the protonic conductivity. The superionic high-temperature phase transition at T_S=425 K is isostructural. Nevertheless, taking into account an increase of the SO₄ tetrahedra libration above T_S, a mechanism of the Grotthus type could be applied for the proton transport explanation.     

La7O6(BO3)(PO4)2:Eu3+/Tb3+荧光材料的制备及其光致发光性能

采用优化的高温固相方法制备了稀土离子Eu³⁺和Tb³⁺掺杂的La₇O₆（BO₃）（PO₄）₂系荧光材料,并对其物相行为、晶体结构、光致发光性能和热稳定性进行了详细研究。结果表明,La₇O₆（BO₃）（PO₄）₂：Eu³⁺材料在紫外光激发下能够发射出红光,发射光谱中最强发射峰位于616 nm处,为⁵D₀→⁷F₂特征能级跃迁,Eu³⁺的最优掺杂浓度为0.08,对应的CIE坐标为（0.610 2,0.382 3）;La₇O₆（BO₃）（PO₄）₂：Tb³⁺材料在紫外光激发下能够发射出绿光,发射光谱中最强发射峰位于544 nm处,对应Tb³⁺的⁵D₄→⁷F₅能级跃迁,Tb³⁺离子的最优掺杂浓度为0.15,对应的CIE坐标为（0.317 7,0.535 2）。此外,对2种材料的变温光谱分析发现Eu³⁺和Tb³⁺掺杂的La₇O₆（BO₃）（PO₄）₂荧光材料均具有良好的热稳定性。     

Synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of new phosphates K2Mn0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 and K2Co0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 with the langbeinite structure

New complex phosphates of the general formula K₂M_0.5Ti_1.5(PO₄)₃ (M=Mn, Co) have been obtained from the melting mixture of KPO₃, K₄P₂O₇, TiO₂ and CoCO₃·mCo(OH)₂ or Mn(H₂PO₄)₂ by means of a flux technique. The synthesized phosphates have been characterized by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction and the FTIR-spectroscopy. The compounds crystallize in the cubic system with the space group P2₁3 and cell parameters a=9.9030(14) Å for K₂Mn_0.5Ti_1.5(PO₄)₃ and a=9.8445(12) Å for K₂Co_0.5Ti_1.5(PO₄)₃. Both phosphates are isostructural with the langbeinite mineral and contain four formula unit K₂M_0.5Ti_1.5(PO₄)₃ per unit cell. The structure can be described using [M₂(PO₄)₃] framework composed of two [MO₆] octahedra interlinked via three [PO₄] tetrahedra. The Curie-Weiss-type behavior is observed in the magnetic susceptibility.     

Synthesis, crystal structure and optical properties of the new lead fluoride borate—Pb2BO3F

A new compound, Pb₂BO₃F, has been grown by high temperature solution method from the PbO–PbF₂–B₂O₃ system for the first time. The crystal structure of this compound has been identified by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in the hexagonal system, space group P6₃/m (No. 176) with unit-cell parameters a=7.2460(3) Å, c=14.5521(17) Å, Z=6, V=661.69(9) ų. Its structure was solved by the direct methods and refined to R₁=0.0163 and wR₂=0.0367. The structure of Pb₂BO₃F consists of the distorted PbO₃F₂ groups and BO₃ triangles, which are all symmetric with each other in the gestalt structure to the extent that the Pb₂BO₃F compound crystallizes in the symmetric space group. The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the Pb₂BO₃F has been measured. The BO₃ functional groups presented in the sample were identified by FTIR spectrum. The DTA curve of Pb₂BO₃F suggests that Pb₂BO₃F melts congruently at 448 °C.     

Sr10[(PO4)5.5(BO4)0.5](BO2): Growth and crystal structure of a strontium phosphate orthoborate metaborate closely related to the apatite-type crystal structure

Single crystals of the strontium phosphate orthoborate metaborate, Sr₁₀[(PO₄)_5.5(BO₄)_0.5](BO₂), were grown from the melt and investigated by X-ray diffraction (space group , No. 147; a=9.7973(8) Å, c=7.3056(8) Å, V=607.29(10) Å³, Z=1). The crystal structure is closely related to apatite and contains linear metaborate groups, [BO₂]⁻ (point group D_∞h, B-O=1.284(11) Å) taking positions within the channels running along the three-fold inversion axis. Strontium sites are found to be fully occupied while [PO₄]³⁻ tetrahedra are partially replaced by [BO₄]⁵⁻ groups.     

Multianvil high-pressure/high-temperature preparation, crystal structure, and properties of the new oxoborates Dy4B6O14(OH)2 and Ho4B6O14(OH)2

This paper reports about two new hydrogen-containing rare-earth oxoborates RE₄B₆O₁₄(OH)₂ (RE=Dy, Ho) synthesized under high-pressure/high-temperature conditions from the corresponding rare-earth oxides, boron oxide, and water using a Walker-type multianvil equipment at 8 GPa and 880 °C. The single crystal structure determination of Dy₄B₆O₁₄(OH)₂ showed: Pbcn, a=1292.7(2), b=437.1(2), , Z=2, R1=0.0190, and wR2=0.0349 (all data). The isotypic holmium species revealed: Pbcn, a=1292.8(2), b=436.2(2), , Z=2, R1=0.0206, and wR2=0.0406 (all data). The compounds exhibit a new type of structure, which is built up from layers of condensed BO₄-tetrahedra. Between the layers, the rare-earth cations are coordinated by 7+2 oxygen atoms. Furthermore, we report about temperature-resolved in situ powder diffraction measurements, DTA/TG, and IR-spectroscopic investigations into RE₄B₆O₁₄(OH)₂ (RE=Dy, Ho).     

Synthesis, crystal structure, infrared and Raman spectra of Sr5(As2O7)2(AsO3OH)

The new compound Sr₅(As₂O₇)₂(AsO₃OH) was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. It represents a previously unknown structure type and belongs to a group of a few compounds in the system SrO-As₂O₅-H₂O; (As₂O₇)⁴⁻ besides (AsO₃OH)²⁻ groups have not been described yet. The crystal structure of Sr₅(As₂O₇)₂(AsO₃OH) was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (space group P2₁/n, a=7.146(1), b=7.142(1), , β=93.67(3)°, , Z=4). One of the five symmetrically unique Sr atoms is in a trigonal antiprismatic (Inorg. Chem. 35 (1996) 4708)—coordination, whereas the other Sr atoms adopt the commonly observed (“Collect” data collection software, Delft, The Netherlands, 1999; Methods Enzymol. 276 (1997) 307)—coordination. The position of the hydrogen atom was located in a difference Fourier map and subsequently refined with an isotropic displacement parameter. Worth mentioning is the very short hydrogen bond length O_h-H?O(1) of 2.494(4) Å; it belongs to the shortest known examples where the donor and acceptor atoms are crystallographically different. This hydrogen bond was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. In addition, Raman spectra were collected in order to study the arsenate groups.     

一个新的双核锌配合物Zn2(dhaash)2(py)4的合成及晶体结构

The crystal of binuclear zinc complex Zn₂(dhaash)₂(py)₄ was obtained in DMF and pyridine, where H₂dhaash is 2,4-dihydroxy-5-acetylacetophenone-N-salicylhydrazone. It has been characterized by IR, UV, element analysis and X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystallographic data were as follows: monoclinic system, space group P2₁/c, a=1.108 98(11) nm, b=1.640 84(16) nm, c=1.445 14(14) nm, β=108.617(2)°, Z=2, V=2.492 1(4) nm³, D_c=1.466 g·cm^-3, M_r=1 099.74, μ=1.031 mm^-1, F(000)=1 136 and the final R=0.044 8 and wR=0.105 8 for 4 143 observed reflections with I≥2σ(I), respectively. The X-ray crystal structure analysis revealed that, in the centrosymmetric binuclear complex molecule, two zinc(Ⅱ) centers are linked by two oxygen atoms (O(3) and O(3A)), respectively. Zn(1)…Zn(1A) distance is 0.314 81(6) nm, O(3)…O(3A) distance is 0.270 4(2) nm. Every zinc(Ⅱ) ion has an elongated octahedral coordination. For example, the two pyridine nitrogen atoms, one oxygen atom and one nitrogen atom from salicylhydrazone, one oxygen atom from 2,4-dihydroxy-5-acetylacetophenone in one dhaash^2- ligand and one oxygen atom from 2,4-dihydroxy-5-acetylacetophenone in another dhaash^2- ligand coordinated to zinc(Ⅱ) ion, respectively. Two zinc(Ⅱ) ions and all the 72 non-hydrogen atoms in the two dhaash^2- ligands are in the same plane. CCDC: 261929.     

Ni-P-Zn3(PO4)2(ZnSnO3、ZnSiO3)纳米复合化学镀层性质和组成的研究

研究了温度、时间、浓度等对Ａ３钢片上Ｎi-P-Zn3(PO4)2、Ni-P-ZnSnO3和Ｎi-P-ZiSiO3纳米复合合化学镀层外貌的影响,用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）观察外貌、称重法测定厚度;通过１０％ＮaCl溶液、１％Ｈ２Ｓ气体加速腐蚀试验,１０％ＣuSO4溶液点滴试验等多种手段测定其耐腐蚀性能,用Ｘ－射线光电子谱（ＸＰＳ）及俄歇电子能谱（ＳＥＳ）测定其价态组成,结果表明：在最佳施镀条件下,可得光亮、致密、耐腐蚀性强于Ａ３钢、磷化膜及Ｎi-P镀层的纳米复合化学镀层,镀层的原子百分组成约为（％）：Ｎi-P-Zn3(PO4)2:Ni70.00,P12.47,Zn3(PO4)213.93,C3.6;Ni-P-ZnSnO3;Ni77.56,P10.00,ZnSnO39.84,C2.6;Ni-P-NiSiO3,Ni83.00,P10.96,ZnSi5.15,C0.89.     

Hydrothermal synthesis and luminescent properties of Sb-doped Sr3(PO4)2

Sb³⁺-doped Sr₃(PO₄)₂ crystals has been synthesized using phosphoric acid, strontium hydroxide and antimony powder as the raw materials through a hydrothermal reaction method. The crystallinity and the microstructure were investigated using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The photoluminescent property was investigated using luminescent spectrometer. Phase pure Sr₃(PO₄)₂ crystal was obtained and it has a shape of hexagonal rod. It showed the emission and excitation peaks at 396, 250, and 215 nm, respectively, indicating that the emission is attributed to ³P₁-¹S₀ transition and the excitation is attributed to ¹S₀-³P₁ and ¹S₀-¹P₁ transition. It was also observed that the intensity of photoluminescence is thermally stable up to 673 K.