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DNA分子具有良好的生物相容性和可编程性,被广泛用于构建新型纳米生物材料.研究者利用DNA纳米技术已构建了尺寸、形貌及对称性精确可控且可对环境条件做出特异性响应的DNA自组装结构,它们在生物成像及检测、药物的精准输送等纳米诊疗领域有着极大的应用潜力.然而, DNA纳米材料应用于活体系统存在稳定性不足、细胞摄取效率不高以及药物的包裹及可控释放程度不够等问题.本文简述了DNA自组装结构的构建方法以及将这些结构用于生物成像、生物检测和药物载带方面的进展,概括了提高DNA自组装结构体内稳定性及细胞摄取效率的方法,最后讨论了DNA自组装结构应用于纳米诊疗中所面临的机遇与尚待解决的问题. 相似文献
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《化学进展》2017,(1)
生物传感技术在环境、安全和医学诊断等应用中具有重要意义。如何精确调控自组装界面上生物识别探针与界面的相互作用来提高生物传感的性能则是其中的关键问题。常规界面组装过程中,DNA等生物分子往往在界面形成非均一的自组装层,分子结合能量壁垒高,识别效率低。我们通过构建有序DNA纳米结构,发展了纳米尺度精确调控界面性质的方法。通过在界面上形成以熵驱动主导的均匀自组装层,增加探针分子间的有效距离,并通过精确调控界面上DNA纳米结构的尺寸,显著提高界面DNA杂交效率与速率。我们在DNA四面体上修饰不同的生物识别分子(DNA、抗体、核酸适配体等),可构建通用检测平台,实现对核酸、蛋白、小分子及细胞的高灵敏检测,并且在复杂样本中同样保持了优异的检测性能。在此基础上,我们将四面体三维结构探针应用于细胞内以及活体检测,研究了DNA四面体在细胞内的运输途径及靶向定位方式,并实现对细胞内ATP分布的传感成像及小鼠体内肿瘤组织的靶向成像,有望发展活体生物传感的新探针。 相似文献
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DNA-多肽复合分子作为一类新型的自组装分子受到研究人员的广泛关注。DNA分子具有可编程性、高特异性、功能多样等优点,多肽分子是一类重要的生物小分子,能够通过分子自组装形成具有不同结构的纳米材料,因此,将二者通过共价交联,可以获得具有多级自组装行为的DNA-多肽复合分子,能够实现两类重要生物分子功能的集成优化,合成具有不同结构与功能的超分子自组装材料。此外,通过酶催化、DNA杂化、DNA链置换反应等,还可实现对多肽-DNA复合分子自组装行为的动态调控,进而模拟生命系统中复杂动态的自组装结构,强化相关材料在生物、化学、材料等领域的应用。本文讨论了DNA-多肽复合分子的设计、组装与应用方面的最新进展,最后基于目前DNA-多肽复合分子存在的一些问题对DNA-多肽复合分子的研究做了展望。 相似文献
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细胞中存在很多金属离子参与DNA及其组成部分的重要的生物过程.质谱作为1种重要的分析方法,能用以考察这些金属离子和DNA在分子水平的相互作用,确定金属离子和生物分子的结合位点,并检测金属离子对于生物分子的性质和反应性的影响.本研究利用(+)ESI-MS-MS考察了3个四碱基DNA分子d(TGAC)、d(GTAC)、d(ATAT)的[M+Na]+、[M+K]+的质谱行为,这些金属离子与同1分子的[M+H]+的裂解具有明显的差异;推测为不同的离子在DNA上的加合位置不同,导致质谱行为的差异. 相似文献
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近年来,苯丙氨酸二肽类分子的自组装研究受到了广泛关注,已成为超分子化学、生物材料科学研究的前沿领域之一。苯丙氨酸二肽类纳米组装体因具有结构多样、易功能化以及良好的生物相容性等优点,在纳米制造、组织修复等方面展示出巨大的应用潜力。本文从分子设计、组装结构调控与材料应用三个层次系统综述了苯丙氨酸二肽类分子自组装的研究进展。首先总结了苯丙氨酸二肽类分子的修饰改性,包括乙酰基、芳香环、氨基酸、短肽等基团。然后,重点介绍了苯丙氨酸二肽类分子自组装的调控策略和方法,如溶剂、界面、气相、多组分共组装和酶催化组装。最后,介绍了苯丙氨酸二肽类自组装材料在纳米材料合成、传感检测、药物传递及组织修复等方面的应用现状,并分析了该领域今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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基于DNA纳米技术自组装的DNA四面体纳米材料,由于结构稳定、机械性能优越、分子修饰位点丰富等特点,逐渐成为DNA纳米材料领域的研究热点。此外,该DNA四面体纳米材料只需一步热变性即可自组装形成,具有合成方法简单、产率高的优点。可通过不同的设计,利用自组装方法将功能分子修饰在DNA四面体的顶点处,包裹在其笼状孔隙结构内,镶嵌或悬挂在双螺旋的边上,甚至通过引入发卡环结构等方式智能控制其结构变化。本文综述了DNA四面体结构纳米材料的设计和自组装原理、功能化修饰方法和结构的智能化,同时介绍了DNA四面体纳米材料在分子诊断、生物成像、分子输送和靶向给药等方面的应用研究,并探讨了此类纳米材料在今后应用研究中应关注的方面。 相似文献
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In‐capillary self‐assembly study of quantum dots and protein using fluorescence coupled capillary electrophoresis 下载免费PDF全文
Jianhao Wang Jingyan Li Jinchen Li Yuqin Qin Cheli Wang Pengju Jiang 《Electrophoresis》2015,36(14):1523-1528
As a vast number of novel materials in particular inorganic nanoparticles have been invented and introduced to all aspects of life, public concerns about how they might affect our ecosystem and human life continue to arise. Such incertitude roots at a fundamental question of how inorganic nanoparticles self‐assemble with biomolecules in solution. Various techniques have been developed to probe the interaction between particles and biomolecules, but very few if any can provide advantages of both rapid and convenient. Herein, we report a systematic investigation on quantum dots (QDs) and protein self‐assembly inside a capillary. QDs and protein were injected to a capillary one after another. They were mixed inside the capillary when a high voltage was applied. Online separation and detection were then achieved. This new method can also be used to study the self‐assembly kinetics of QDs and protein using the Hill equation, the KD value for the self‐assembly of QDs and protein was calculated to be 8.8 μM. The obtained results were compared with the previous out of‐capillary method and confirmed the effectiveness of the present method. 相似文献
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Sabine Abb Nathalie Tarrat Juan Corts Bohdan Andriyevsky Ludger Harnau J. Christian Schn Stephan Rauschenbach Klaus Kern 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,131(25):8424-8428
Saccharides are ubiquitous biomolecules, but little is known about their interaction with, and assembly at, surfaces. By combining preparative mass spectrometry with scanning tunneling microscopy, we have been able to address the conformation and self‐assembly of the disaccharide sucrose on a Cu(100) surface with subunit‐level imaging. By employing a multistage modeling approach in combination with the experimental data, we can rationalize the conformation on the surface as well as the interactions between the sucrose molecules, thereby yielding models of the observed self‐assembled patterns on the surface. 相似文献
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Hua Zuo Siyu Wu Mo Li Yulin Li Wen Jiang Chengde Mao 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(50):15118-15121
Programmed self‐assembly of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) is an active research area as it promises a general approach for nanoconstruction. Whereas DNA self‐assembly has been extensively studied, RNA self‐assembly lags much behind. One strategy to boost RNA self‐assembly is to adapt the methods of DNA self‐assembly for RNA self‐assembly because of the chemical and structural similarities of DNA and RNA. However, these two types of molecules are still significantly different. To enable the rational design of RNA self‐assembly, a thorough examination of their likes and dislikes in programmed self‐assembly is needed. The current work begins to address this task. It was found that similar, two‐stranded motifs of RNA and DNA lead to similar, but clearly different nanostructures. 相似文献
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《Electroanalysis》2004,16(22):1912-1918
In this study, a field effect transistor (FET)‐type biosensor based on 0.5 μm standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology is proposed and its feasibility for detecting deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and protein molecules is investigated. Au, which has a chemical affinity with thiol by forming a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM), was used as the gate metal in order to immobilize DNA and protein molecules. A Pt pseudo‐reference electrode was employed for the detection of biomolecules. The sensor was fabricated as a p‐channel (P)MOSFET‐type because PMOSFET with positive surface potential is useful for detecting negatively charged biomolecules from the view point of its high sensitivity and fast response time. DNA and protein molecules were detected by measuring the variation of the drain current due to the variation of biomolecular charge and capacitance. DNA and protein molecules used in the experiment were 15mer–oligonucleotide probe and streptavidin‐biotin protein complexes, respectively. DNA was detected by both in situ and ex situ measurements. Additionally, to verify the interactions among SAM, streptavidin, and biotin, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurement was performed. 相似文献
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Catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA) is a robust enzyme-free signal-amplification reaction that has a wide range of potential applications, especially in biosensing. Although most studies of the analytical applications of CHA have focused on the measurement of concentrations of biomolecules, we show here that CHA can also be used to probe the spatial organization of biomolecules such as single-stranded DNA. The basis of such detection is the fact that a DNA structure that brings a toehold and a branch-migration domain into close proximity can catalyze the CHA reaction. We quantitatively studied this phenomenon and applied it to the detection of domain reorganization that occurs during DNA self-assembly processes such as the hybridization chain reaction (HCR). We also show that CHA circuits can be designed to detect certain types of hybridization defects. This principle allowed us to develop a "signal on" assay that can simultaneously respond to multiple types of mutations in a DNA strand in one simple reaction, which is of great interest in genotyping and molecular diagnostics. These findings highlight the potential impacts of DNA circuitry on DNA nanotechnology and provide new tools for further development of these fields. 相似文献
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Plasmonic circular dichroism(CD) has been emerged as a pro-mising signal for building biosensors due to its high sensitivity and specificity. In the past years, DNA nanotechnology enabled diverse chiral plasmonic devices, which can response biomolecules and then generate dynamic plasmonic CD signals at the visible range. Although some of them have been successfully employed as biosensors, the detection sensitivity is still relatively low. Herein we report a chiral plasmonic sensor with an improved detection sensitivity by integrating catalytic hairpin assembly circuits into DNA origami structures. We tested two kinds of tumor marker RNA sequences as detection targets and it turns out that the detection limit is below 10 pmol/L, improving one order of magnitude compared to previous work. The chiral plasmonic sensor with internal signal amplification circuits can stimulate a variety of smart nano-sensors for biological detection and offer a promising strategy for pathogenic RNA detection with plasmonic CD output. 相似文献
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Guangfu Feng Xingyu Luo Xu Lu Shiyi Xie Lu Deng Wenyuan Kang Fang He Jiaheng Zhang Chunyang Lei Bin Lin Yan Huang Zhou Nie Shouzhuo Yao 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,131(20):6662-6666
The comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying the interaction of cells with their membrane microenvironment is of great value for fundamental biological research; however, tracking biomolecules on cell surfaces with high temporal and spatial resolution remains a challenge. Herein, a modular strategy is presented for the construction of cell surface DNA‐based sensors by engineering DNA motifs and synthetic cofactors. In this strategy, a stimuli‐reactive organic molecule is employed as the cofactor for the DNA motif, and the self‐assembly of them forms a FRET‐based holo DNA‐based sensor. With the use of the DNA‐based sensors, the versatility of this modular strategy has been demonstrated in the ratiometric imaging of the cellular extrusion process of endogenous signaling molecules, including sulfur dioxide derivatives and nitric oxide. 相似文献
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自组装超薄膜: 从纳米层状构筑到功能组装 总被引:24,自引:4,他引:20
总结了一种新型的超薄膜自组装技术-交替沉积组装技术的发展现状,着重对成膜推动力、生物分子的层状组装、无机/有机杂化结构、有机小分子化合物的层状组装、超薄膜化学修饰电极、层间化学反应及非平衡基底上的层状构筑等几个方面的问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
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We report an unprecedented hierarchical self‐assembly of an achiral twin‐tapered bi‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivative (2,2‐bis(3,4,5‐trioctanoxyphenyl)‐bi‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole, BOXD‐T8). This molecule can form a layer‐structured lyotropic liquid crystal and further forms a helical fibrous organogel in DMF at concentrations above 0.6 wt %. The self‐assembly process of BOXD‐T8 in DMF is accompanied by a change in its fluorescence. The pitches of the helical fibers are non‐uniform, and both left‐ and right‐handed helical fibers are observed in equal quantities. Intermolecular π–π interactions between aromatic segments have been demonstrated to be the driving force for aggregate formation. This helical structure of BOXD‐T8 is dependent on the solvent, concentration, and the layer‐structured intermediate liquid‐crystalline state. 相似文献