超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱快速筛查水产及水产加工品中24种镇静剂类药物

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱（UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS）同时检测水产及水产加工品中24种镇静剂类药物的分析方法。样品经乙腈提取,浓缩近干后,用50%（v/v）甲醇水溶液定容,再用乙腈饱和的正己烷溶液净化。采用ACQUITY UPLC^® BEH C₁₈色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm）分离,以0.1%（v/v）甲酸水溶液和含0.1%（v/v）甲酸的乙腈溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在可加热电喷雾离子（HESI）源正离子模式和全扫描/数据依赖二级扫描（Full MS/dd-MS²,Top1）模式下检测,外标法定量。结果表明,24种镇静剂在各自的范围内线性关系良好,决定系数（r²）≥0.9968;在6种水产及水产加工品基质中进行3个不同添加水平的加标回收试验,24种镇静剂类药物的平均回收率为58.9%~122.9%,相对标准偏差为0.1%~16.4%（n=6）;24种镇静剂类药物的定量限为0.1~5.0 μg/kg。该法操作简便,精密度高,准确性好,适用于批量水产及水产加工品中24种镇静剂类药物的快速筛查。     

超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法筛查水产养殖用投料中36种兽药

建立超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱联用法快速筛查水产养殖用投料中多种兽药的方法。水产养殖用投料样品经80%（体积分数）乙腈水溶液（含体积分数为0.2%的甲酸）超声提取，过PRIME HLB固相萃取柱净化，以体积分数为0.1%的甲酸-乙腈溶液、0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.03%氨水-乙腈溶液、0.03%氨水溶液分别为正、负离子模式的流动相，用Accucore RP-MS色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,2.6μm）进行梯度洗脱分离。比对了在Q-Exactive全扫描模式下得到的多种兽药的实测精确质量数与理论精确质量数，其质量偏差为-1.281 4×10-6～1.223 5×10-6 Da，有效降低了基质干扰。结合建立的36种兽药的二级质谱数据库，利用碎片离子信息实现水产养殖用投料中多种兽药的快速筛查与定量。36种兽药在质量浓度为2.5～100μg/mL（酰胺醇类药物）、12.5～100μg/mL（其它药物）的范围内线性关系良好，相关系数均大于0.99。3种酰胺醇类药物的方法检出限为10μg/kg，其它药物的方法检测限为50μg/kg，样品加标回收率为59.9%～118.3%，相对标...     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法测定焙烤食品及其原料中11种真菌毒素

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-HRMS)测定焙烤食品及其原料中11种真菌毒素的检测分析方法。样品经20 mL含1%(体积分数)甲酸的乙腈-水(9∶1,v/v)溶液提取,经2.0 g无水硫酸、0.5 g氯化钠和300 mg C18盐析、净化后进行检测。采用CORTECS C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.6μm),以含0.1%(体积分数)甲酸的2 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和含0.1%(体积分数)甲酸的2 mmol/L乙酸铵甲醇溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。结果显示,11种真菌毒素在各自的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好(相关系数r2≥0.996 0),方法的定量限为0.15~20.00μg/kg,样品加标回收率为64.38%~122.61%,相对标准偏差为1.52%~12.99%(n=6)。该方法简单快速、灵敏度高、结果准确、可靠,利用该方法可有效测定焙烤食品及其原料中常见真菌毒素的含量。     

高效液相色谱-四极杆/线性离子阱质谱测定替米沙坦中N-甲基邻苯二胺残留量

建立了高效液相色谱-四极杆/线性离子阱质谱(HPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS)测定替米沙坦中N-甲基邻苯二胺残留量的分析方法。替米沙坦药物以水-乙腈(80∶20,体积比)溶解后,采用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(3.5μm,2.1 mm×100 mm)进行分离,以0.1%(体积分数)甲酸水和乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)扫描方式下选择离子监测(SRM)模式对样品进行检测。结果表明,N-甲基邻苯二胺在2.0~50μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r0.99),检出限(S/N=3)为0.5μg/L,定量下限(S/N=10)为2.0μg/L。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于替米沙坦中N-甲基邻苯二胺残留量的测定。     

超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定保健食品中30种非法添加壮阳类化合物

建立了超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱测定保健食品中30种壮阳类化合物的方法。采用Waters CORTECS T3色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.7μm),以0.1%(体积分数)甲酸水溶液-含0.1%(体积分数)甲酸的乙腈溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,在电喷雾离子化正离子模式下,以多反应监测模式(MRM)检测。30种化合物在10~200μg/L范围内均呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.99;在0.1、0.2、1.0 mg/kg加标水平下的平均加标回收率为62.8%~135.2%,相对标准偏差均不大于14%(n=6);检出限为0.05 mg/kg,定量下限为0.1 mg/kg。该方法定性定量准确,操作简便,可为国家标准的建立提供参考。     

超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定食品中34种非法添加减肥类化合物

建立了超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱测定食品(含保健食品)中34种减肥类非法添加化合物的方法。采用Waters CORTECS T3色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.7μm),以0.1%(v/v)甲酸水溶液-含0.1%(v/v)甲酸的乙腈溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,在电喷雾离子源、正离子或负离子模式下以多反应监测(MRM)方式检测。西布曲明等29种化合物在0.5~10μg/L范围内、氯噻嗪等5种化合物在2.5~50μg/L范围内均呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)均大于0.99;西布曲明等29种化合物在5、10和20μg/kg添加水平下的平均加标回收率为49.2%~136.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.7%~15.0%(n=6),氯噻嗪等5种化合物在25、50和100μg/kg添加水平下的平均加标回收率为51.5%~130.9%,RSD为0.8%~14.0%(n=6);西布曲明等29种化合物的检出限为5μg/kg,定量限为10μg/kg,氯噻嗪等5种化合物的检出限为25μg/kg,定量限为50μg/kg。本方法已应用于实际样品的测定,共检出了12种化合物,有效打击了非法添加行为。     

高效液相色谱法测定2种中药片剂中紫丁香苷的含量

建立了测定2种中药制剂灭澳灵片和活络消痛片中紫丁香苷含量的高效液相色谱方法.采用KromasilC18反相色谱柱(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm),以乙腈-1%冰醋酸溶液(体积比10∶90)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长265 nm,在15 min内完成分离检测.紫丁香苷在0.16~100μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),最低检出限0.1μg/mL(S/N=3).灭澳灵片的加样回收率为92.2%~97.6%,活络消痛片的加样回收率为94.0%~102.6%.     

高效液相色谱光化学在线衍生技术在11种磺胺药物残留检测中的应用

建立了磺胺药物残留的高效液相色谱-光化学在线衍生-荧光检测方法,并应用于猪肉的检测。样品经过乙腈提取,色谱柱分离后,通过在线光化学衍生后,用荧光检测器进行直接检测。优化后的色谱条件:Eclipse Plus C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5.0μm),流动相为均含0.2%甲酸的乙腈、甲醇和水梯度洗脱,检测激发波长为248 nm,发射波长为350和412 nm。各种磺胺在各自浓度范围内线性相关系数R2>0.999,回收率在85.7%~101.1%之间,RSD为1.9%~6.6%(n=6),各磺胺的检出限(S/N=3)为0.2~3.0μg/kg,定量限(S/N=10)为0.5~10.0μg/kg。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定动物源性食品中35种兽药残留量

提出了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定动物源性食品中35种兽药残留量的方法。样品经含1%(体积分数)乙酸的乙腈提取,QuEChERS方法净化,所得净化液以Zobax Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱为分离柱,以不同体积比的0.1%甲酸(体积分数)溶液和乙腈混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源和多反应监测模式检测。35种化合物的质量分数均在1~50μg·kg-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.02~1.07μg·kg-1之间,测定下限(10S/N)在0.08~3.58μg·kg-1之间。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在45.6%~121%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.4%~24%之间。     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱快速分析化妆品中17种喹诺酮类药物

建立了一种水剂、乳液和非蜡基膏霜类化妆品中17种喹诺酮类药物的超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q Orbitrap HRMS)分析方法。样品采用0.1%甲酸(体积分数)乙腈混合溶液超声提取,正己烷液液萃取脱脂,经Agilent Poroshell EC C_(18)(4.6 mm×150 mm,2.7μm)色谱柱分离后,以全扫描/二级离子扫描(Full Scan/dd-MS~2)进行定性筛查和定量检测,内标法定量。结果表明,17种喹诺酮类药物均在0.05～20.0μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系(r~20.996 0),检出限和定量下限分别为0.5、1.0μg/kg。在2、4、20μg/kg 3个加标水平下,回收率为82.3%～108%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为3.5%～8.6%。该方法快速准确,灵敏度高,可用于化妆品中喹诺酮类药物的测定。     

Furyl- and thienyl-silatranes and germatranes

We review our research on the synthesis and study of the physical and biological properties of furyl- and thienylgermatranes and -silatranes.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 725–732, June, 1992.     

Review and patents and literature

The use of the insect cell/baculovirus expression system for producing recombinant proteins of bacterial, plant, insect, and mammalian origin has become widespread. The popularity of this eukaryotic expression system is due to many factors, including (1) potentially high protein expression levels, (2) ease and speed of genetic engineering, (3) ability to accommodate large DNA inserts, (4) protein processing similar to higher eukaryotic cells (e.g., mammalian cells), and (5) ease of insect cell growth (e.g., suspension growth). The following review of the literature discusses two engineering aspects of recombinant protein synthesis by insect cell cultures: bioreactor scale-up and insect cell line selection. Following this review patent abstracts and additional literature pertaining to expression of recombinant proteins in insect cell culture are listed.     

Ground- and excited-state aromaticity and antiaromaticity in benzene and cyclobutadiene

The aromaticity and antiaromaticity of the ground state (S 0), lowest triplet state (T 1), and first singlet excited state (S 1) of benzene, and the ground states (S 0), lowest triplet states (T 1), and the first and second singlet excited states (S 1 and S 2) of square and rectangular cyclobutadiene are assessed using various magnetic criteria including nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS), proton shieldings, and magnetic susceptibilities calculated using complete-active-space self-consistent field (CASSCF) wave functions constructed from gauge-including atomic orbitals (GIAOs). These magnetic criteria strongly suggest that, in contrast to the well-known aromaticity of the S 0 state of benzene, the T 1 and S 1 states of this molecule are antiaromatic. In square cyclobutadiene, which is shown to be considerably more antiaromatic than rectangular cyclobutadiene, the magnetic properties of the T 1 and S 1 states allow these to be classified as aromatic. According to the computed magnetic criteria, the T 1 state of rectangular cyclobutadiene is still aromatic, but the S 1 state is antiaromatic, just as the S 2 state of square cyclobutadiene; the S 2 state of rectangular cyclobutadiene is nonaromatic. The results demonstrate that the well-known "triplet aromaticity" of cyclic conjugated hydrocarbons represents a particular case of a broader concept of excited-state aromaticity and antiaromaticity. It is shown that while electronic excitation may lead to increased nuclear shieldings in certain low-lying electronic states, in general its main effect can be expected to be nuclear deshielding, which can be substantial for heavier nuclei.     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).