三维有序金掺杂纳米TiO_2修饰电极用于抗肿瘤药物与DNA相互作用的研究

利用模板法在氧化铟锡(ITO)电极表面制备了三维有序多孔结构的金掺杂纳米Ti O2薄膜修饰电极(3DOM GTD/ITO),并在此修饰电极上成功固定小牛胸腺DNA(ct DNA),从而构建了一种新型的DNA生物传感器(DNA/3DOM GTD/ITO),并通过透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)对修饰电极的表面形貌进行表征。采用电化学交流阻抗(EIS)法研究了ct DNA在3DOM GTD/ITO修饰电极表面的固定情况,结果表明,ct DNA已被成功地固定在3DOM GTD/ITO修饰电极表面。采用循环伏安法、微分脉冲伏安法等电化学方法研究了抗肿瘤药物槲皮素(Qu)在3DOM GTD/ITO修饰电极表面的电化学性质及与ct DNA的相互作用。结果表明,Qu在3DOM GTD/ITO修饰电极表面有1对准可逆的氧化还原峰,其氧化还原反应为2电子和2质子的转移过程。Qu可与固定在修饰电极上的ct DNA发生较强的结合作用,其结合常数(K)为3.61×106L/mol。循环伏安实验、紫外-可见吸收光谱、分子荧光光谱、圆二色性光谱均表明Qu与ct DNA之间的相互作用模式为嵌插作用。Qu与ct DNA的碱基结合具有序列选择性,对Qu与聚(d G-d C)及聚(d A-d T)的结合常数进行计算,得到结合常数比K(d G-d C)/K(d A-d T)=3.5,表明Qu与ct DNA发生嵌插作用时更倾向于结合在GC富集区域。     

三维有序结构的金掺杂纳米TiO_2修饰电极用于H_2O_2的测定

在ITO玻璃表面构建了三维有序多孔结构的金掺杂纳米Ti O2薄膜(3DOM GTD/ITO),同时制备了一种细胞色素c(Cyt c)酶生物传感器(Cyt c/3DOM GTD/ITO)。通过透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)对修饰电极进行表征。紫外-可见光谱实验表明吸附在GTD上的Cyt c能够保持其生物活性,二级结构未被破坏。同时研究了Cyt c在3DOM GTD/ITO修饰电极表面的直接电化学及对H2O2的电催化行为。结果显示,Cyt c在3DOM GTD/ITO修饰电极上有显著的直接电化学响应,峰电流与扫描速度呈线性关系,说明该电极过程是表面电化学控制过程。Cyt c/3DOM GTD/ITO修饰电极对H2O2具有良好的催化性能,线性范围为3.0×10-7~1.70×10-5mol/L,检出限为3.6×10-8mol/L(S/N=3),响应时间为5 s,且该修饰电极具有较好的重现性和稳定性。     

获得高性能电致变色薄膜的ITO表面修饰方法

氧化铟锡玻璃(ITO)以其优良的导电性能和透过率以及相对低的反应活性使其在显示器和电致变色器件中有广泛的应用. 然而, ITO表面的金属氧化物基团也带来了一些问题, 如通过物理方法沉积的电致变色薄膜易从ITO基底上脱离, 从而降低器件寿命, 此种问题在使用液体电解质时显得尤为突出. 为此, 我们利用有机酸小分子对ITO基底表面进行修饰, 继而利用电化学沉积的方法制备聚3,4-(2,2-二甲基丙烯二氧基)噻吩电致变色薄膜. XPS结果表明基底与修饰物间以化学键结合, 超声波处理可以看出电致变色薄膜在修饰后的基底上有更好的稳定性. 本研究提供了一种简单易行的方法来获得高性能的高分子电致变色薄膜.     

功能性聚合物薄膜修饰电极

化学修饰电极是当前在电化学、电分析化学方面十分活跃的研究领域。功能性聚合物薄膜由于其特殊的化学结构赋予其许多独特的功能,诸如选择性、分子识别、pH敏感、光化学敏感等;功能性聚合物修饰电极可以赋予电极许多特殊功能,拓展电极的应用范畴,故而备受关注。本文分别从分子印迹聚合物传感器和生物酶传感器制备的角度,综述在电极表面构筑功能性聚合物薄膜的材料以及方法,重点论述电泳沉积技术在电极修饰中的新应用。这些功能性聚合物薄膜在电极表面的构筑方法可以广泛的拓展到其它传感器的制备中,并指导特殊的传感器的制备,具有重要的研究和应用价值。     

鲁米诺在氧化铟锡玻璃上的电聚合及电化学发光性能研究

研究了鲁米诺在氧化铟锡(Indium-tinoxide,ITO)玻璃上的电聚合。通过循环伏安和紫外吸收光谱表征,在酸性条件下可以实现鲁米诺对ITO电极的电聚合修饰,聚合在ITO玻璃表面的鲁米诺保持其良好的电化学发光性能,考察了此修饰电极的性能以及相关因素对聚合膜的电化学发光强度的影响。     

基于乙硫基取代的三层酞菁铕二聚体修饰ITO电极构筑电化学多巴胺和尿酸传感器

通过在水平和垂直两个方向上来扩展酞菁配合物的共轭结构, 合成了三明治三层酞菁铕二聚体配合物[Pc(SC₂H₅)₈]₂Eu₂[BiPc(SC₂H₅)₁₂]Eu₂[Pc(SC₂H₅)₈]₂, 使用Quasi-Langmuir-Sh?fer(QLS)方法将配合物薄膜修饰在氧化铟锡导电玻璃(ITO)电极表面, 利用多种谱学手段对配合物分子在薄膜内的排列进行表征, 发现分子采取J聚集模式Edge-on排列在ITO电极表面, 该薄膜具有良好的半导体性质, 导电率高达8.86×10^-5 S/cm. 将配合物薄膜修饰的ITO电极成功应用于多巴胺(DA)和尿酸(UA)的电化学灵敏检测, 最低检测限分别达到1.35和1.64 μmol/L, 灵敏度分别达到110和186.5 mA·μL·mol^-1 ·cm^-2.     

TiO2表面氧空位对Rup2P/TiO2/ITO薄膜电极光致电荷转移的影响

采用改性的TiCl4水解法制备出三种不同表面性质的TiO2-X(X=5,10,20,X表示加入NaOH的浓度,单位为mo·lL-1)样品.利用(1,10-邻菲咯啉)2-2-(2-吡啶基)苯咪唑钌混配配合物(Rup2P)作为敏化剂,制备出Rup2P/TiO2-5/ITO(铟锡金属氧化物)、Rup2P/TiO2-10/ITO和Rup2P/TiO2-20/ITO表面敏化薄膜电极.测试结果表明三种薄膜电极的光电转换效率Rup2P/TiO2-10/ITO最高,Rup2P/TiO2-20/ITO次之,Rup2P/TiO2-5/ITO最低.利用吸收光谱、表面光电压(SP)谱、荧光光谱和表面光电流作用谱等分析了Rup2P和三种TiO2的能带结构和表面性质;利用光致循环伏安和表面光电流作用谱研究了三种Rup2P/TiO2-X/ITO薄膜电极的光致界面电荷转移过程.结果表明,在光致界面电荷转移过程中,TiO2层表面氧空位对Rup2P/TiO2-X/ITO薄膜电极光致电荷转移产生重要影响.并进一步讨论了Rup2P/TiO2-X/ITO薄膜电极的光电流产生机理.     

等离子体聚合法修饰半导体光电极的研究——聚丙烯腈/n-GaAs,n-GaP电极

用导电聚合物修饰光电化学体系中的半导体电极,对于抑制电极的光腐蚀、改善电极特性及赋予其催化功能有明显的效果.在制备聚合物薄膜的几种方法中,等离子体聚合可得到高度交联、均匀、化学稳定性好的超薄膜,且成膜工序简单,已引起重视并取得初步应用。等离子体聚合法修饰导体电极国内外均有报道,但在修饰半导体电极方面的研究甚少。本文探讨了用这种方法在n-GaAs、n-GaP电极上制备聚丙烯腈(PAN)薄膜,并进行     

肌红蛋白在聚天青A薄膜修饰电极上电极过程的研究

本文采用电聚合方法成功地制备了聚天青A(AZA)薄膜修饰电极。利用现场光透薄层光谱电化学方法研究了肌红蛋白于聚AZA薄膜修饰铂网光透电极上的准可逆异相电子传递过程, 给出了电极反应的热力学参数。X光电子能谱表面分析表明肌红蛋白于修饰电极表面存在吸附。用现场循环电位吸收和循环伏安法解析了肌红蛋白于膜电极上的伏安响应, 提出了肌红蛋白于聚AZA薄膜修饰电极上的异相电子传递过程机理。     

直接电沉积金纳米粒子修饰氧化铟锡电极测定亚硝酸根

以电化学沉积法一步制得了金纳米粒子(GNP)修饰氧化铟锡(ITO)电极,采用紫外、扫描电镜及循环伏安法对GNP/ITO修饰电极进行了表征。结果表明,金纳米粒子在ITO电极表面呈球形,分布均匀无团聚,粒径约30 nm。该修饰电极具有良好的电化学性能,在pH 2.2的Na2HPO4-柠檬酸缓冲溶液中其氧化峰电流与NO2-的浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性范围为5×10-6~5.5×10-4mol/L,线性回归方程为:i(μA)=1.07 136C(mmol/L),相关系数r=0.9969;检出限可达1.0×10-6mol/L。该修饰电极用于废水中NO2-的测定,结果令人满意。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.