A biosensor for L-proline determination by use of immobilized microbial cells

A biosensor to quantify L-proline within 10(-5)-10(-3) mole/L concentration is described. Immobilized Pseudomonas sp. cells grown in a medium containing L-proline as the only source of carbon and nitrogen were used to create the biosensor. The cells oxidized L-proline specifically consuming O2 and did not react with other amino acids and sugars. The change in oxygen concentration was detected with a Clark oxygen membrane electrode. The cells were immobilized by entrapment in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) cryogel. The resultant biocatalyst had a high mechanical strength and retained its L-proline-oxidizing ability for at least two months.     

L-脯氨酸修饰的Ru-PPh3/γ-Al2O3催化芳香酮不对称加氢反应

以L-脯氨酸为修饰剂,研究了膦配体稳定的Ru-PPh3/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化芳香酮不对称加氢反应,考察了不同稳定剂、L-脯氨酸浓度、KOH浓度、反应温度和氢气压力等因素对加氢反应的影响,结果表明,天然手性化合物L-脯氨酸对Ru-PPh3/γ-Al2O3催化剂具有较好的修饰作用,在优化反应条件下,苯乙酮加氢产物(S)...     

Conformers of gaseous proline

Accurate geometries, relative energies, rotational and quartic centrifugal distortion constants, dipole moments, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and infrared intensities were determined from ab initio electronic structure calculations for eighteen conformers of the neutral form of the amino acid L-proline. Only four conformers have notable population at low and moderate temperature. The second most stable conformer is only 2+/-2 kJ mol(-1) above the global minimum, while the third and fourth conformers are nearly degenerate and have an excess energy of 7+/-2 kJ mol(-1) relative to the global minimum. All four conformers have one hydrogen bond: N.HO in the lower energy pair of conformers, and NH.O in the higher energy pair of conformers. The conformer pairs differ only in their ring puckering. The relative energies of the conformers include corrections for valence electron correlation, extrapolated to the complete basis set limit, as well as core correlation and relativistic effects. Structural features of the pyrrolidine ring of proline are discussed by using the concept of pseudorotation. The accurate rotational and quartic centrifugal distortion constants as well as the vibrational frequencies and infrared intensities should aid identification and characterization of the conformers of L-proline by rotational and vibrational spectroscopy, respectively. Bonding features of L-proline, especially intramolecular hydrogen bonds, were investigated by the atoms-in-molecules (AIM) technique.     

Efficient iron-catalyzed N-arylation of aryl halides with amines

A practical and promising protocol was developed for N-arylations of various amines with differently substituted aryl halides. The processes are efficiently promoted by the catalyst system involving the environmentally benign Fe2O3 and the universal ligand L-proline. The versatility, convenient operation, low cost, and environmental friendliness, in combination with the high yields, render this method viable for use in both laboratory research and larger industrial scales.     

壳聚糖负载L-脯氨酸对水中不对称Aldol反应的催化性能

以壳聚糖为载体制备了负载型L-脯氨酸不对称催化剂;将合成产物用于催化丙酮与取代苯甲醛在水中的直接不对称Aldol反应,考察了其催化性能.结果表明,与在有机溶剂中的L-脯氨酸催化剂相比,在水相中的壳聚糖负载L-脯氨酸催化剂表现出更好的催化活性;就间硝基苯甲醛与丙酮在水中的不对称Aldol反应而言,壳聚糖负载L-脯氨酸催化下的产率和ee值分别达95%和48%.此外,壳聚糖负载L-脯氨酸催化剂在水中具有很好的重复使用性能,重复使用10次后相应的产率和ee值分别为88%和68%.     

Enthalpy characteristics of L-proline dissolution in certain water–organic mixtures at 298.15 K

A thermochemical study of the processes of L-proline dissolution in aqueous solutions of acetonitrile, 1,4-dioxane, acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, nitromethane and tetrahydrofuran at Т = 298.15 K in the range of organic solvent concentrations x₂ = 0–0.25 mole fractions is performed. Standard values of the enthalpies of solution and transfer of L-proline from water to mixed solvent, and the enthalpy coefficients of pairwise interactions between L-proline and molecules of organic solvents, are calculated. The effect the composition of a water–organic mixture and the structure of organic solvents have on the enthalpy characteristics of L-proline dissolution and transfer is examined. The effect the energy properties of intermolecular interactions between components of a mixed solvent has on the intermolecular interactions between L-proline and molecules of cosolvent is estimated. The correlation between the enthalpy characteristics of L-proline dissolution and electron-donor properties of organic cosolvent in aqueous solutions is determined.     

Calculation of the characteristic ratio of randomly coiled poly(L-proline).

Allowing for rotation about the Calpha-C' bond (i.e., variation of psi) and for some degree of freedom about the peptide bond (i.e., small variations of omega), the characteristic ratios, (R2)o/nl2, of the form I (cis) and form II (trans) poly(L-proline) chain have been calculated by a Monte Carlo method in which the conformational energies were used as weighting factors. The Monte Carlo method enabled short-range interactions (beyond those involved in a single residue) to be taken into account. The effect of the presence of a small amount of one form (say cis in a trans-rich chain) on (R2)o/nl2 was also investigated. The results for the trans-rich form are in good agreement with values observed experimentally in solvents in which the poly(L-proline) chain is predominantly in form II; the presence of a small amount of cis residues reduces the characteristic ratio of the trans-rich form of poly(L-proline) significantly.     

助剂对L-脯氨酸催化直接不对称Aldol反应的影响

在L-脯氨酸催化的芳香醛与丙酮直接不对称aldol反应体系中添加二醇或二酚类助剂可有效提高反应活性.助剂的使用降低了该反应体系中L-脯氨酸的用量.特别是以邻苯二酚为助剂时,最佳反应条件下,仅用5mol％L-脯氨酸与1mol％助剂催化2-硝基苯甲醛与丙酮直接不对称aldol反应,aldol产物产率高达90％,对映选择性为...     

稀土与L-脯氨酸配合物的合成、表征及晶体结构

本文合成了通式为Ln(L-Pro)3(H2O)3(ClO4)3(Ln=Pr、Nd、Er, L-Pro=L-脯氨酸)的固体配合物。元素分析、红外光谱、热分析对配合物进行了表征。培养了镨脯氨酸配合物的单晶, X射线四圆衍射确定了晶体的结构。晶体属于单斜晶系、空间群P2~1, a=0.9879(3), b=2.1883(4), c=1.3393(2)nm, β=91.23(2)°,v=2.895(1)nm^3, z=2。晶体中每一个镨原子与来自6个L-脯氨酸羧基上的6个氧原子和2个结晶水分子键合, 形成了一个八配位的稍有畸变的三角十二面体。每一个L-脯氨酸分子以羧基双齿方式与两个镨离子配位, 形成了一个无限长的链状结构。     

Kinetics and mechanism of ruthenium(III) catalyzed oxidation of L-proline by copper(III): A free radical intervention and decarboxylation

The kinetics of ruthenium(III) catalyzed oxidation of L-proline by diperiodatocuprate(III) (DPC) in alkaline medium at constant ionic strength (0.10 mol dm⁻³) has been studied spectrophotometrically using a rapid kinetic accessory. The reaction showed first order kinetics in [DPC] and [Ru^III] and apparently less than unit order dependence each in L-proline and alkali concentrations. A mechanism involving the formation of a complex between the L-proline and the hydroxylated species of ruthenium (III) has been proposed. The active species of oxidant and catalyst were [Cu(OH)₂ (H₃IO₆)₂ (H₂IO₆)₂]⁴⁻ and [Ru (H₂O)₅OH]²⁺ respectively. The reaction constants involved in the mechanism were evaluated. The activation parameters were computed with respect to the slow step of the mechanism and discussed. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

聚氯乙烯负载L-脯氨酸催化不对称Aldol反应的研究

以聚氯乙烯为载体,合成两种负载型催化剂水解聚氯乙烯四乙烯五胺负载L-脯氨酸催化剂(HPTP)和聚氯乙烯四乙烯五胺负载L-脯氨酸催化剂(PTP),催化剂中脯氨酸负载量分别为2.46 mmol/g和1.52 mmol/g。两种催化剂均可实现对不对称Aldol反应的催化,但HPTP的活性和选择性均较PTP的高。HPTP在水中可以催化多种苯甲醛与丙酮的不对称Aldol反应,取得中等的ee值。HPTP经过回收还可以重复利用,显示了较好的性能。在合适的反应条件下,HPTP催化对硝基苯甲醛和丙酮的反应,获得最高75%的产率和39%的ee值。     

Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reactions Catalyzed by L-Proline/PEG/SiO2 Composite Catalyst

A simple and efficient composite catalyst of L-proline–polyethyleneglycol(PEG)–SiO₂ was developed for the asymmetric aldol reaction between acetone and p-nitrobenzaldehyde. With 10 mol% L-proline, the composite catalyst showed much better yield and enantioselectivity than the pristine L-proline over 1.5 h. Clear effects of the molecular weight of PEG and the properties of silica supports on the yield and enantioselectivity were observed, and the optimized catalyst can be reused for four cycles with stable performance.     

Determination of proline enantiomers in honey and royal jelly by LC-UV

The chiral separation and quantification of D-proline and L-proline in honey and royal jelly were examined by LC with UV detection. Most of the endogenous compounds existing in honey, such as sugars, were removed by using SPE cartridges containing C18 and strong cation-exchange sorbent. Other components, such as primary amino acids, were also removed by two-step derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) and 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-CI). The components that were derivatized with OPA were separated from proline with a C18 cartridge. Proline was then converted into an FMOC derivative that could be subsequently measured by LC-UV. Sufficient chiral separation of D-proline and L-proline was achieved with an LC chiral column made of a beta-cyclodextrin phase in the polar organic-phase mode. The average recoveries of D-proline and L-proline from honey and royal jelly were in the range of 81.3-98.6% (RSD of < 1.8%). When this method was applied to commercial honey and royal jelly samples, L-proline was detected at concentrations of 369-1930 microg/g, whereas D-proline was not detected.     

The nephritogenic glycopeptide from rat glomerular basement membrane. X. Synthesis of an N-triglycosyl dipeptide and characteristics of its cis-trans isomers.

Isomers of O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1----6)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl- (1----6)-N-[L-aspart-1-oyl-(L-proline)-4-oyl]-alpha-D-glucopyranos ylamine have been prepared, as models for a derivative possibly present in the glomerular basement membrane of rats, by condensation of the corresponding dipeptide derivative (5) with triglycosylamine (4) in the presence of O,O-diethylcyanophosphonate, followed by deprotection of the trisaccharide-dipeptide derivative. During the deprotection process, cis- and trans-isomers containing proline were separated by silica gel column chromatography and also reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography.     

Organocatalysis in synthesis: L-proline as an enantioselective catalyst in the synthesis of pyrans and thiopyrans

The multicomponent reaction (MCR) of aromatic aldehydes 1 and malononitrile (2) with active methylenes 5a-h in the presence of L-proline produced pyrans and thiopyrans 6a-h stereospecifically and in good yields. Moreover a novel MCR of ethyl propiolate (8) with 1 and 2 in the presence of L-proline to afford (R)-polysubstituted pyran is also reported. X-ray structures, e.e. and optical activity of the synthesized compounds indicated that L-proline as a catalyst is responsible for the observed enantioselectivity in the studied reactions.     

Polyethylene glycol （PEG） as a benign solvent for Knoevenagel condensation

The Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with active methylene compound proceeded efficiently in polyethylene glycol at room temperature with L-proline as catalyst. The yield is high and the products had E-isomer dominantly. Polyethylene glycol containing L-proline could be recycled and reused for several times without noticeably decreasing in productivity.     

L-脯氨酸协助合成β-氢氧化镍和氧化镍花球及纳米三角片(英文)

以NH3·H2O和NaOH作为沉淀剂,通过水热方法在180℃,L-脯氨酸作用下,分别合成出了β-Ni(OH)2花球和纳米三角片。XRD结果表明合成出的β-Ni(OH)2产物是六方相,透射电镜(TEM)和场发射电镜(FESEM)表明花球直径为1~2μm,它是由厚15nm,边长110nm的三角片自组装形成的。对相应的β-Ni(OH)2前驱物在350℃空气下退火2h,分别得到NiO花球和纳米三角片。     

An L-proline functionalized metallo-organic triangle as size-selective homogeneous catalyst for asymmetry catalyzing aldol reactions

A homochiral metal-organic triangle Co-Pro1 was achieved via self-assembly by incorporating a L-proline moiety within the corresponding ligand. Co-Pro1 comprised L-proline moieties as asymmetric catalytic active sites and a helical-like cavity, it worked as an asymmetric catalyst to prompt aldol reactions with size-, stereo- and enantioselectivity.     

L-脯氨酸稳定的铱催化苯乙酮及其衍生物不对称加氢反应

以L-脯氨酸为稳定剂制备了负载型金属铱催化剂, 并用于苯乙酮及其衍生物不对称加氢反应. 考察了载体以及L-脯氨酸的量对催化剂性能的影响, 以透射电镜(TEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明L-脯氨酸对金属铱粒子具有较好的分散和稳定作用. 通过考察反应条件发现: 碱金属离子对反应有较大影响; L-脯氨酸与手性修饰剂对催化活性和对映选择性存在一定的协同促进作用. 在手性二胺(1S,2S)-1,2- 二苯基乙二胺 ((1S,2S)-DPEN) 修饰下, 催化剂 5% (w, 质量分数)Ir/15( 脯氨酸与铱的摩尔比)(L-Proline)-γ-Al2O3催化苯乙酮不对称加氢获得了71.3%的对映选择性(ee), 2?-(三氟甲基)苯乙醇的对映选择性达到了79.8%. 该催化剂制备方法简单, 不需要膦配体做稳定剂, 催化剂性能稳定, 通过简单的离心分离可循环使用5次而无明显的活性和对映选择性降低.     

Chiral polyoxotungstates. 1. Stereoselective interaction of amino acids with enantiomers of [Ce(III)(alpha1-P2W17O61)(H2O)x]7-. The structure of DL-[Ce2(H2O)8(P2W17O61)2]14-

The ammonium salt of the 1:1complex (1) of Ce(III) with alpha(1)-[P(2)W(17)O(61)](10)(-) was prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, vibrational and NMR spectroscopy ((31)P, (183)W), cyclic voltammetry, and single-crystal X-ray analysis (P1; a = 15.8523(9) A, b = 17.4382(10) A, c = 29.3322(16) A, alpha = 99.617(1) degrees, beta = 105.450 (1) degrees, gamma = 101.132(1) degrees, V = 7460.9(7) A(3), Z = 2). The anion consists of a centrosymmetric head-to-head dimer, [[Ce(H(2)O)(4)(P(2)W(17)O(61))](2)],(14-) with each 9-coordinate Ce cation linked to four oxygens of one tungstophosphate anion and to one oxygen of the other anion. On the basis of P NMR spectroscopy, a monomer-dimer equilibrium exists in solution with K = 20 +/- 4 M(-1) at 22 degrees C. Addition of chiral amino acids to aqueous solutions of 1 results in splitting of the (31)P NMR signals as a result of diastereomer formation. No such splitting is observed with glycine or DL-proline, or when chiral amino acids are added to the corresponding complex of the achiral alpha(2)-isomer of [P(2)W(17)O(61)](10)(-). From analysis of the (31)P NMR spectra, formation constants of the two diastereomeric adducts of 1 with L-proline are 7.3 +/- 1.3 and 9.8 +/- 1.4 M(-1).