彩色全息显示中液晶空间光调制器位相调制偏差的矫正方法

采用三基色激光照明并结合时分复用或空间复用技术,可实现基于液晶空间光调制器(LC-SLM)的彩色全息显示.但由于在不同激光波长入射条件下LC-SLM的位相调制特性曲线不同,难以同时满足多波长入射条件下2π线性位相调制的要求,致使彩色全息再现结果受到共轭像和零级斑的干扰.针对该问题,本文通过实验测试获得LC-SLM在不同波长入射时的位相调制特性曲线,并分析了RGB激光器各分量的位相调制特性曲线非线性偏差和调制幅度偏差对多阶位相型傅里叶变换相息图再现效果的影响.根据"查表法"建立了各波长入射条件下满足2π线性位相调制的灰度映射关系,并对RGB分量相息图进行修正.通过对修正前后RGB分量相息图的数值模拟再现和光电再现实验与分析,结果表明:该方法有效地克服了LC-SLM位相调制特性曲线偏差的不利影响,从而改善了彩色全息显示中各分量相息图的再现质量.     

光纤中BSBS位相复共轭图像再现

用调Q脉冲YAG:Nd激光的倍频辐射作激励光,对多模玻璃光纤中的背向受激布里渊散射(BSBS)的位相复共轭图象再现进行了初步的实验研究.实验结果表明,BSBS光对入射光的频移是38.6GHz,在BSBS的光束截面上带有与入射光为位相复共轭对应的再现图象.而且散射光与入射光的偏振相同.最后,对再现图象的质量问题进行了讨论.     

基于空间光调制器的多层图像的构建与可视化

为解决实时直观地观察多层再现图像的问题,提出利用发光材料实现其可视化.针对由沿光轴方向的二维图层组成的空间图像,利用高效、快速的三维Gerchberg-Saxton算法,得到位相型计算全息图,并通过计算机进行了数字模拟再现.阐述了三维Gerchberg-Saxton算法的流程,并搭建了基于液晶空间光调制器的位相全息图光学再现与可视化光路.利用液晶空间光调制器的灰度-位相曲线把计算全息图转换为灰度图,加载在液晶空间光调制器上,再现出高质量的三维光场,同时利用量子点材料的荧光特性实现了图像的可视化.实验结果表明,光学再现与计算机模拟结果较吻合.该技术在医学、军事、三维显示、微加工以及显微技术等领域有重要应用价值.     

基于空间光调制器的多层图像的构建与可视化研究

 为解决实时直观地观察多层再现图像的问题,提出利用发光材料实现其可视化.针对由沿光轴方向的二维图层组成的空间图像,利用高效、快速的三维Gerchberg-Saxton算法,得到位相型计算全息图,并通过计算机进行了数字模拟再现.阐述了三维Gerchberg-Saxton算法的流程,并搭建了基于液晶空间光调制器的位相全息图光学再现与可视化光路.利用液晶空间光调制器的灰度-位相曲线把计算全息图转换为灰度图,加载在液晶空间光调制器上,再现出高质量的三维光场,同时利用量子点材料的荧光特性实现了图像的可视化.实验结果表明,光学再现与计算机模拟结果较吻合.该技术在医学、军事、三维显示、微加工以及显微技术等领域有重要应用价值.     

基于数字闪耀光栅的位相全息图光电再现优化

针对利用液晶空间光调制器（LC-SLM）进行全息图光电再现过程中,再现像面存在多级衍射像造成单一像能量利用率低的问题,提出了一种在位相全息图中加载数字闪耀光栅的方法,以提高全息图光电再现中单一衍射像的衍射效率.分析了闪耀光栅作为衍射光学元件的特性及其对光波进行位相调制的原理,并阐述了在LC-SLM中加载数字闪耀光栅对位相全息图光电再现时像面能量分布的影响.搭建了基于LC-SLM的位相全息图光电再现实验系统.理论分析表明：在其他条件不变的情况下,加载竖直（或水平）槽向周期为2 pixels的数字闪耀光栅可使 关键词： 全息光电再现 位相全息图 数字闪耀光栅 液晶空间光调制器     

一种新的纯位相型计算全息图及其应用

本文提出了一种新的制作纯位相型计算全息图的两孔编码方法并用实验加以证实.用本编码法制作的纯位相型计算全息图的特点是:(1)可记录、复现任意的复函数光场;(2)光场在全息图的光轴上再现,空间带宽积大,衍射效率高.     

优化的数字全息显微成像系统

基于预放大数字全息显微系统的全息图记录与再现过程及其点扩散函数的分析, 从成像分辨率、成像质量及实现的难易程度等方面对数字全息显微中六种常见记录光路系统的成像性能进行了对比研究. 结果表明, 像面数字全息术具有最高的成像分辨率及成像质量, 其成像分辨率与记录器件的光敏面尺寸无关, 该系统对信息的记录是完整的, 而且记录过程不必考虑物体被照亮区域的大小, 再现过程非常简单, 是优化的数字全息显微成像系统. 等波面弯曲的物参光像面数字全息术非常有利于位相解包裹及位相畸变补偿的正确进行, 该系统更适合于位相显微. 实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性. 关键词： 显微数字全息 预放大数字全息 像面数字全息 分辨率     

利用合成谱在计算全息图中编码多个物体的方法

 提出在迂回位相傅里叶变换计算全息图中利用合成谱记录多个物体的方法。该方法利用多个物体合成的傅里叶频谱,代替传统的迂回位相型计算全息图中的单一频谱,在一幅计算全息图中完成多个物体的编码。再现时多个物体同时再现在同一衍射级的周围,并且再现像的形式可以多种多样。采用液晶空间光调制器(LC SLM)完成计算全息图的光学再现,实验验证了方法的有效性。结果表明：该方法可有效提高计算全息图的信息容量。     

傅里叶位相的光学探测

根据光栅在傅里叶光学系统中的衍射特性,获得物体的傅里叶谱的实部和虚部信息,进而测出其傅里叶谱的实部和虚部信息,进而测出其傅里叶位相分布.本文给出了一维实物体的傅里叶位相的实验探测结果,并给予讨论.     

基于位相抽取的三维信息加密算法研究

本文提出了以位相抽取为基础的三维信息加密算法.构造由纯振幅和纯位相物体组成的简单三维信息作为加密对象.先用标量衍射理论计算其复振幅并抽取相位分布,再结合双随机位相编码完成加密.解密算法为上述算法的逆过程.计算机模拟结果证实了该算法的有效性、鲁棒性和安全性,并揭示了位相抽取算法用于加密更大信息量三维信息的潜力. 关键词： 傅里叶光学 光学信息安全 三维信息加密 位相抽取     

相干X射线衍射成像三维重建的数字模拟研究

利用相干X射线衍射成像“过采样”采集样品的远场相干衍射图样, 结合相位重建迭代算法重建物空间样品信息. 三维重建过程中, 边界约束条件是相位重建算法中最为关键的部分. 本文采用数字模拟的方法, 利用灰度值图像作为物空间的样品, 研究并实现了边界条件的自动寻找, 重建结果显示比以往采用较“松”的边界约束更为精确. 利用噪声模拟方法, 研究了衍射图样中不同噪声类型的滤除对重建结果的影响. 研究发现传统的去噪方法在高噪声情况下不能直接应用于相干X射线衍射成像, 并找到了适用于相干X射线衍射成像噪声滤除的有效方法. 研究表明, 此方法能非常有效地降低噪声对重建结果的影响. 利用模拟三维纳米金颗粒作为样品, 完成了对纳米金颗粒中电子密度分布的三维重建, 在有随机噪声的影响下, 也得到了很好的重建结果, 并找到了成功实现三维重建的噪声限为信噪比不低于27. 关键词： X射线相干衍射成像 过采样 三维相位重建 显微成像     

Imaging from atomic structure to electronic structure

This paper discusses the possibility of retrieving the electron distribution (with highlighted valence electron distribution information) of materials from recorded HREM images. This process can be achieved by solving two inverse problems: reconstruction of the exit wave and reconstruction of the electron distribution from exit waves. The first inverse problem can be solved using a focal series reconstruction method. We show that the second inverse problem can be solved by combining a series of exit waves recorded at different thickness conditions. This process is designed based on an improved understanding of the dynamical scattering process. It also explains the fundamental difficulty of obtaining the valence electron distribution information and the basis of our solution.     

循环-托普利兹块相位掩模可压缩双透镜成像

压缩成像是压缩传感理论的重要应用领域之一,可以用比Nyquist测量数目少的测量值捕获充分信息重建稀疏或可压缩图像.在研究现有的压缩成像方法的基础上,给出一种新的循环-托普利兹块相位掩模矩阵可压缩双透镜成像方法.模拟实验结果表明新的相位掩模矩阵成像方法可以在欠采样的情况下有效地获得图像信息来重建原始图像.新方法的研究为...     

无需系统标定的三维视觉重建北大核心CSCD

为了解决传统三维重建需要依赖系统标定信息的问题,提出了一种基于相位图的不需要系统标定信息的三维视觉重建算法。首先使用结构光测量技术获得被测物体表面的相位图,再利用相位图的横向和纵向空间扭曲特性计算物体表面相对深度信息,最后实现被测物体的三维视觉重建。这种方法可以用在无法进行标定或无法获取标定信息的场合。实验结果表明,当被测物体表面结构简单时,这种方法的三维视觉重建效果较好。并通过对比传统三维重建结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Real-time optical reconstruction of the diffused 3D object using phase information calculated by Continuous Wavelet Transform

We propose the real time optical reconstruction of a three-dimensional (3D) object from a digitally recorded hologram. Phase distribution of the recorded hologram is numerically calculated by 1-dimensional Continuous Wavelet Transform (1D-CWT) for digital reconstruction with phase only information. Also, the phase distribution of 1D-CWT transferred to the spatial light modulator (SLM) is used to obtain optically reconstructed image. It is observed that an efficient real-time analysis can be achieved, if phase of 1D-CWT is used. In the same time, optically reconstructed 3D objects obtained by only phase information are about three times brighter than bleached hologram intensity's. So the minimum power loss can be obtained. Numerical and experimental results are presented.     

Comparison of results of interferometric phase extraction algorithms for three-dimensional flow-field tomography

A comparison of the results of interferometric phase information retrieval and subsequent tomographic reconstruction from deformed wavefront projections by phase unwrapping is presented. In interferogram processing, conventional fringe tracking and Fourier transform methods have been utilized for comparison. With these methods by injecting carrier fringes, the projection data of any axial cross section can be extracted in all projection directions to implement three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction. The results of experiments of a simulated temperature field prove that the phase extraction based on the Fourier transform method produces tomographic reconstruction much superior to the conventional fringe tracking technique.     

A new method for information retrieval in two-dimensional grating-based X-ray phase contrast imaging

Grating-based X-ray phase contrast imaging has been demonstrated to be an extremely powerful phase-sensitive imaging technique.By using two-dimensional(2D) gratings,the observable contrast is extended to two refraction directions.Recently,we have developed a novel reverse-projection(RP) method,which is capable of retrieving the object information efficiently with one-dimensional(1D) grating-based phase contrast imaging.In this contribution,we present its extension to the 2D grating-based X-ray phase contrast imaging,named the two-dimensional reverseprojection(2D-RP) method,for information retrieval.The method takes into account the nonlinear contributions of two refraction directions and allows the retrieval of the absorption,the horizontal and the vertical refraction images.The obtained information can be used for the reconstruction of the three-dimensional phase gradient field,and for an improved phase map retrieval and reconstruction.Numerical experiments are carried out,and the results confirm the validity of the 2D-RP method.     

Incoherent digital holographic spectral imaging with high accuracy of image pixel registration

Fresnel incoherent correlation holography(FINCH) is a unique three-dimensional(3 D) imaging technique which has the advantages of scanning-free,high resolution,and easy matching with existing mature optical systems.In this article,an incoherent digital holographic spectral imaging method with high accuracy of spectral reconstruction based on liquid crystal tunable filter(LCTF) and FINCH is proposed.Using the programmable characteristics of spatial light modulator(SLM),a series of phase masks,none of whose focal lengths changes with wavelength,is designed and made.For each wavelength of LCTF output,SLM calls three phase masks with different phase constants at the corresponding wavelength,and CCD records three holograms.The spectral images obtained by this method have a constant magnification,which can achieve pixel-level image registration,restrain image registration errors,and improve spectral reconstruction accuracy.The results show that this method can not only obtain the 3 D spatial information and spectral information of the object simultaneously,but also have high accuracy of spectral reconstruction and excellent color reproducibility.     

The determination of electron density profiles from refraction measurements obtained using holographic interferometry

The angles a fourth-harmonic holographic interferometer probing beam is refracted upon passing through a neodymium laser-produced plasma have been measured by varying the focus during reconstruction of the hologram. A method (not requiring the numerical inversion of an integral equation) for using such refraction measurements to give the plasma electron density profile is shown to produce a profile in agreement with that obtained from the phase information on the reconstructed in-focus interferogram.     

像面数字全息的重建相位误差分析和改善

像面数字全息是数字全息技术中常用的测量和成像方式,它通常采用离散傅里叶变换和频率滤波的方法进行物光波的重建.本文讨论了这些算法对重建相位的影响.首先分析了频谱泄露对于相位误差的影响,结果表明当采样周期为整数时,重建相位误差很小,因此具有极高的相位重建精度;而当不满足整周期采样时,相位重建误差有了明显的增加.为了改善频谱泄露所引起的相位误差,采用Hanning函数对数字全息图进行了预处理,结果表明Hanning窗的加入能够有效地提高重建相位的准确程度.