静高压下Al80Mn14Si6合金准晶相形成的研究

 本文首次研究了Al₈₀Mn₁₄Si₆合金在静高压下准晶相得形成。利用静高压熔态淬火方法，在压力2.8和3.1 GPa下得到淬火的Al-Mn-Si样品。电子和X射线衍射实验表明，高压淬火样品中含有准晶二十面体相和非晶相。X射线衍射实验还表明，高压淬火样品经350 ℃退火一小时基本上没有发生变化；而经过500 ℃退火一小时后，准晶相晶化为α-Al₇₃Si₁₀Mn₁₇相。另外，电子衍射实验表明，高压淬火后样品中还存在其它中间亚稳相。本文还讨论了静高压熔态淬火方法的适用性。     

高压下Al0.77Mn0.19Yb0.04合金准晶T相形成及结构

 利用静高压（4.2 GPa）熔态（1 300 ℃）淬火（10² ℃/s）方法，对含稀土的铝锰合金Al_0.77Mn_0.19Yb_0.04进行了研究。首次发现了准晶T相得形成。利用选区透射电子衍射技术，对合金中准静态的结构对称性进行了观察和分析。根据X射线和电子衍射对其衍射峰进行了指标化。使用扫描电镜和能谱技术进行了成份分析。     

Al70Co15Tb5Ni10合金中准晶T相和相关相的形成

 对Al₇₀Co₁₅Tb₅Ni₁₀合金进行了静高压（4.40 GPa）熔态（1 450 ℃）淬火（冷却速率为10² ℃/s）研究。首次在该系统中观察到准晶T相和一个新的十次准晶相关相形成。使用透射电镜对准晶相和准晶相关相进行了结构分析，得到了准晶相关相的晶胞参数。使用已有的理论模型对该相关相的形成进行了讨论。     

静高压下Al-Mn准晶形成及其结构稳定性的研究

 静高压（4.5 GPa）下Al₆Mn合金熔态淬火（冷却速度约为10² ℃/s），得到Al₆Mn合金的高压淬火样品。X射线分析表明：Al₆Mn合金的高压淬火样品中含有准晶二十面体相、Al₆Mn相及Al的面心立方相；与常压结果相比，高压淬火方法的冷却速率可比常压的低约3个数量级的条件下产生准晶二十面体相。其晶化温度与急冷甩带的相近。对静高压（2.5 GPa）下Al₆Mn准晶条带样品的晶化过程进行了研究。X射线分析表明：静高压下Al₆Mn准晶条带样品的晶化过程中，出现了一种新的未知亚稳相——准晶向晶体转化中的一种中间过渡态，具有类T相形式；与常压结果比较，高压下准晶相晶化温度提高。     

Al70Co15Tb5Ni10合金中准晶相关相的高压研究

 使用静高压熔态淬火方法，在Al₇₀Co₁₅Tb₅Ni₁₀合金中截获到迄今为止晶胞参数最大的两个十次准晶的Penrose-Tiling相关相。其晶胞参数分别为：简单正交晶体a=6.11 nm，b=0.4 nm，c=8.4 nm；底心正交晶体a=6.11 nm，b=0.4 nm，c=8.4 nm。其晶体结构和晶胞参数与目前理论上的预言基本吻合。     

静高压下Al4Mn准晶态的形成及其热稳定性的研究

 本文利用静高压熔态淬火方法，首次对Al₄Mn合金形成准晶的压力条件及其热稳定性进行了研究，发现在0.95 GPa到4.45 GPa的范围内，以10² K/s冷却速率淬火的Al₄Mn合金，在不同压力下形成不同结构的准晶，利用非晶动力学理论及其结果进行了初步解释。     

静高压熔态淬火Al70Co15Ni10Tb5合金中十次准晶的相关晶体相C4和C5

 使用静高压熔态淬火方法，在Al₇₀Co₁₅Ni₁₀Tb₅合金中截获到两个新的十次准晶相关相C₄和C₅。其晶胞参数分别为：底心正交晶体（C₄），α=1.38 nm，b=1.60 nm，c=2.0 nm；简单正交晶体（C₅），α=1.20 nm，b=1.60 nm，c=2.30 mn。对二者的高分辨象进行了分析和研究，发现他们有着密切的关系，且可以认为是Penros拼图有序化的结果。     

高压截获十次准晶相关晶体相和纳米级超微粒

 对Al₇₀Co₁₅Ni₁₀Tb₅合金进行了静高压（7.0 GPa）熔态（1 700 ℃）淬火（冷却速率10²⁰ C/s）处理，首次观察到一个新十次准晶相关晶体相。该相属底心正交晶体，晶胞参数为a=2.28 nm、b＝1.60 nm、c＝5.46 nm。通过高分辨像分析，给出了它的二维点阵模型。同时在样品中发现了尺寸均匀的纳米级非晶超微粒形成，超微粒为球形，直径30~40 nm。     

碳化钒作碳源合成金刚石

 以重量比为1∶6的VC和Ni₇₀Mn₂₅Co₅合金组成的体系，经6.0 GPa的高压力和1 500 ℃的高温处理20 min后，样品经X射线衍射分析表明VC发生分解，游离出的C生成了石墨和金刚石；该体系生成的金刚石多呈侵蚀性表面，平均粒度约为20 μm。     

高压下Zr70Cu30非晶合金的热稳定性和晶化相的变化

 用电阻测量及X射线衍射法研究了非晶Zr₇₀Cu₃₀合金在常压和高压下热稳定性以及晶化相的变化。结果表明压力提高了这种非晶合金的晶化温度并明显地改变了合金中的相平衡关系。在2 GPa压力下，平衡相为Cu₁₀Zr₇和α-Zr的混合物，而常压下为CuZr₂和少量α-Zr的混合物。     

The atomic parameter model for the fifth and sixth transition metal quasicrystal alloys(Mc=0.5)

The forming ability of quasicrystal phase has a relationship with the atomic bond factors based on differences in atom size and electron factors.Usually,those factors or their combination are used to describe the forming ability,stability of alloys,etc.In this paper,the quasicrystal alloy forming abilities for the fifth and sixth transition metals(Y,Zr,Nb,Mo,Ru,Rh,Pd and La,Hf,Ta,W,Re,Os,Ir,Pt) based alloys have been studied by the size factor and the atomic parametric function.It has been found that an ell...     

Landau theory of crystallization and self-assembly of octagonal quasicrystals

The theory of crystallization of quasicrystal structures that does not use the concept of multidimensional crystallography for describing the quasicrystal order has been proposed. It has been shown using the structure of the MnSiAl octagonal quasicrystal as an example that the coordinates of the sites in the corresponding quasicrystal lattice can be calculated by conditional minimization of the Landau free energy. The abandonment of the unconditional minimization of the free energy has been justified by special features of the local atomic order in the considered structure. The proposed theory gives a new physical meaning to the traditional concepts of multidimensional crystallography and can also be used for explaining the formation of quasicrystal structures with other quasicrystal lattices.     

Electron spectrum and wave functions of icosahedral quasicrystals

Electron spectra and wave functions of icosahedral quasicrystals have been investigated in the tight-binding approximation using the two-fragment structural model (the Amman-MacKay network) with “central” decoration. A quasicrystal has been considered as a limiting structure in a set of optimal cubic approximants with increasing lattice constants. The method of level statistics indicates that the energy spectrum of an icosahedral quasicrystal contains a singular (nonsmooth) component. The density of electron states has been calculated for the first four optimal cubic approximants of the icosahedral quasicrystal, and the respective Lebesgue measures of energy spectra of these approximants have been obtained. Unlike the case of a one-dimensional quasiperiodic structure, the energy spectrum of an icosahedral quasicrystal does not contain a hierarchical gap structure typical of the Cantor set of measure zero in a one-dimensional quasicrystal. Localization of wave functions in an icosahedral quasicrystal has been studied, and their “critical” behavior has been detected. The effect of disorder due to substitutional impurities on electron properties of icosahedral quasicrystals has been investigated. This disorder makes the electron spectrum “smoother” and leads to a tendency to localization of wave functions. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 113, 1009–1025 (March 1998)     

Structure of the AlRhCu decagonal quasicrystal: I. A unit-cell approach

Structure of the Al---Rh---Cu decagonal quasicrystal has been studied by high-resolution electron microscopy. The high-resolution structure image shows an aperiodic tiling composed of three kinds of subunits, namely flattened hexagon, crown and five star. Therefore, a structural model of the Al---Rh---Cu decagonal quasicrystal has been constructed in a unit-cell approach, in which the atom arrangements in the subunits have been proposed. It is known that the phase has two layers in a period of 0.4 nm along the unique tenfold axis according to the previous study by electron diffraction method. The ideal model of the Al---Rh---Cu decagonal quasicrystal is proposed as periodic stacking of the layers with quasiperiodic tessellation of the three kinds of subunits, in each layer the two-colour Penrose tiling is obtained if different atom decorations for the same shape subunits are distinguished by white and black colours. Calculated images reproduces well the contrast features of the observed images, which means that the present model is basically correct. Structural relationship between the Al---Rh---Cu decagonal quasicrystal and the previously reported Al---Ni---Co decagonal quasicrystal, which has also a period of 0.4 nm, has also been discussed.     

Atomic dynamics of a <Emphasis Type="Italic">d</Emphasis>-AlNiFe decagonal quasicrystal

The atomic dynamics of an Al_71.3Ni₂₄Fe_4.7 decagonal quasicrystal has been investigated using the isotopic contrast method for inelastic neutron scattering. The partial vibrational spectra of the Ni, Fe, and Al atoms and the spectrum of the thermal vibrations of the alloy have been reconstructed directly from the experimental data without any model assumptions. The cutoff energies and the positions of the main features of the spectra have been determined. It has been revealed that the average binding energy of the nickel atoms in the quasicrystal under investigation is lower than that of the iron atoms and the vibrational spectrum of the aluminum atoms is noticeably harder than the spectrum of the pure metal. The results obtained for the d-AlNiFe decagonal quasicrystal have been compared with the previously published data for an i-AlCuFe icosahedral quasicrystal.     

Low-energy lattice excitations in the decagonal Al-Ni-Fe and icosahedral Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystals and the (Al,Si)-Cu-Fe cubic phase

The specific heat of decagonal Al_71.3Ni_24.0Fe_4.7 and icosahedral Al₆₂Cu_25.5Fe_12.5 quasicrystals and the Al_55.0Si_7.0Cu_25.5Fe_12.5 cubic phase approximating the structure of the icosahedral alloy has been studied in the temperature range 4.2–40.0 K. All the three compounds exhibit low coefficients of the electronic heat capacity and pronounced deviations of the low-temperature lattice heat capacity from a cubic temperature law in the range 5–10 K. The results obtained by the thermodynamic method and inelastic neutron scattering have been compared and analyzed. It has been established that, at energies ɛ < 14 meV, the spectral density of thermal vibrations in the icosahedral quasicrystal is substantially higher than those in the cubic approximant and in decagonal quasicrystal.     

Three-dimensional photonic quasicrystal with a complete band gap

The band structure of three-dimensional cubic approximants of a photonic quasicrystal has been determined by numerical calculation. The approximants of different orders appear to have large, almost isotropic, band gaps in a wide range of relative permittivity values. The existence of the complete band gap in the photonic quasicrystal with the six-dimensional bcc lattice is shown.     

Study of the magnetic properties of GdZn compound using PAC spectroscopy with 140Ce and 111Cd as probe nuclei

Nanocrystalline Al₆₄Cu₂₃Fe₁₃ icosahedral quasicrystal has been obtained by milling of solid quasicrystal precursors prepared by arc-melt. The local structure around Fe atoms was studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy using a quadrupole splitting distribution method. Mössbauer results of annealed and milled samples show the existence of a broadened distribution of Fe sites which is associated to intrinsic disorder. The structural characterization was determined using x-ray diffraction. The average grain-size of the nanostructured quasicrystal, obtained from the line broadening of the X-ray diffraction peaks, was estimated to be of the order of 10 nm for a sample milled by 5 h.     

Atomic dynamics of the α-(Al,Si)CuFe alloy: A crystalline approximant of a quasicrystal...

The atomic dynamics of the Al_0.550Si_0.070Cu_0.255Fe_0.125 alloy with the structure that approximates the structure of an icosahedral quasicrystal with a similar chemical composition has been investigated using inelastic neutron scattering. The partial vibrational spectra of copper, iron, and aluminum atoms and the total spectrum of thermal vibrations of the compound have been directly reconstructed from the experimental data for the first time. A combined analysis of the results obtained and the data on the atomic dynamics of the i-AlCuFe icosahedral quasicrystal has been performed.