方管锂铅磁流体氚增殖剂中的氚输运模拟

利用COMSOLMultiphysics软件实现磁场、导电流体、氚输运的多物理场耦合,研究了在强磁场下3维方管中锂铅流体内的氚输运及其分布。通过计算得到,锂铅流体在平行磁场方向的导电壁侧形成了射流,而在哈德曼壁侧及流体的芯部区域流动滞缓;射流的强对流效应使得在导电壁侧具有较低的氚浓度,而在哈德曼壁面侧及流体芯部具有较高的氚浓度累积,形成了不对称的氚浓度体分布。     

矩形管道载氚热磁流体输运特性的数值模拟研究

聚变堆液态金属包层矩形管道中的氚输运过程与磁流体动力学(MHD)流动传热过程耦合在一起,形成了复杂的载氚热磁流体输运特性。基于开发的MHD流动与传热数值模拟程序对矩形管道中液态金属MHD流动传热特性及其氚输运的影响进行了数值模拟。该程序首先求解了动量守恒方程,并与理论解进行了对比验证,然后与能量守恒方程耦合求解,得到了温度影响下矩形管道中的液态金属流场分布,在此基础上对强磁场高核热梯度影响下的氚浓度分布进行了数值模拟,得到了氚浓度在管道中的分布特性。结果显示,液态金属在矩形管道中的流动传热对氚输运过程产生了显著影响。     

水冷陶瓷增殖剂包层氚输运分析

基于2015版本中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)水冷陶瓷增殖剂(WCCB)包层模块设计特点,建立详细的氚输运分析模型,对不同包层模块(包括不同的增殖区)、载氚气回路、冷却剂回路和蒸汽发生器中的氚输运进行分析。结果表明不同包层模块氚的浓度、渗透量、滞留量均不同,全堆所有包层模块增殖区中氚的滞留量为6.62×10-2g,结构材料中氚滞留量为2.01g,载氚气和冷却剂回路中氚滞留量分别为4.03×10~(-4)g和0.19g,氚通过蒸汽发生器的渗透量为20mg?y~(-1),冷却剂回路中氚渗透到管道外的量为0.1mg?y~(-1)。     

FEB聚变实验增殖堆氚投料量及氚回收的研究

运用三维ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ程序ＭＯＲＳＥ＿ＣＧＴ，计算了变实验增堆ＦＥＢ满功率运行１０ｄ后外侧包层各区中的氚浓度、运行１天后的内侧包层各区中的氚浓度及运行１ＦＰＹ后Ｂｅ球中的氚投料量，设计了ＦＥＢ堆现场氚的分布流程图。采用组合于燃料净化系统和低温分馏法从等离子体排出气体中回收氚，讨论了从液态锂中回收氚的几种方案用于ＦＥＢ的可行性。     

聚变裂变混合堆的氚工艺和氚增殖剂研究

本文简要介绍聚变堆氚工艺和氚增殖剂研究的现状和我所在混合堆氚增殖剂和氚工艺研究中取得的成果，并对一领域的继续发展提出了一些建议。     

CFETR氦冷固态增殖包层多物理场氚输运分析

针对中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)外中平面氦冷固态增殖包层模块,开展了包层热、流、氚的多物理场耦合模拟分析,获得包层模块的氚分布、氚滞留量及氚渗透量。分析结果显示,在包层球床区无因吹洗气体流动滞缓而造成的氚滞留现象,其吹洗气体流道设计合理。同时,开展了入口吹洗气体掺氢量的参数敏感性分析。分析显示吹洗气体掺氢可以降低材料表面氚浓度,从而降低结构材料中的氚浓度梯度,抑制氚渗透;入口氢气浓度从 1ppm 增加到 1000ppm 时,氚渗透量降低为 1/20。     

聚变裂变混合堆的氚工艺和氚增值剂研究

本文简要介绍聚变堆氚工艺和氚增殖剂研究的现状和我所在混合堆氚增殖剂和氚工艺研究中取得的成果,并对这一领域的继续发展提出了一些建议． In this paper the recent status and unsolved problems on tritium technologyand tritium breeding material study for fusion-fission hybrid reactor (FFHR) are described.The achievements in the research area in our institute are briefly introduced.Some suggestions on further tritium research are given.     

产氚聚变堆概念设计的研究

人们普遍认为要实现聚变能的商用还需要很长一段时间(至少还要50年左右)，因此，开发和利用聚变能的中间应用显得尤为重要，一方面可以在深度和广度上扩展聚变科学和技术的发展，另一方面由于中间应用产物的出现可以激励对聚变能的研究决心，使决策者加大对聚变能研究的投资力度，扩大聚变能在人们心中的影响，宣传核聚变开发的重要性和必要性。聚变能的中间     

实验包层氚增殖区提氚气体换热研究

描述了提氚气体(氦气)进入氚增值区后被正硅酸锂(Li4SiO4)小球加热的过程。通过现有实验包层(TBM)设计参数完成的提氚气体温升理论计算和三维数值模拟验证计算得到提氚气体经过球床时温度可以很快从20℃升到500℃。因此,在进行提氚系统设计优化时,中国设计的实验包层模块不需要增加额外设备对提氚气体进行预热。     

中国聚变工程实验堆启动氚投料量与氚平衡分析

根据中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)堆芯设计参数及燃料系统流程模型,采用平均停留时间方法,建立燃料循环子系统的氚转移模型用来描述氚在各子系统之间的输运、滞留等过程。采用该模型,分析了不同聚变功率水平、运行因子以及燃烧率对中国聚变工程实验堆的氚平衡以及启动氚投料量的影响。     

Pd-Ag膜电解浓缩氚的动力学模型及理论计算

建立了模拟Pd-Ag合金膜电解浓缩氚的过程和诸多电解参数的动力学模型。采用求解数学扩散方程的方法得到理论值,并与文献报道的实验数据进行比较。计算结果表明：氚在Pd-Ag膜上的吸附、解吸、浓缩等行为受到诸多条件的制约。在保证密封性能的前提下,对Pd-Ag膜电解槽体的要求是至少应包括有含氚水路循环、阳极气体消除和阴极扩散后氚再生3个组成部分,采取相匹配的级联技术可以提高分离效果;对电解参数的要求是采取尽可能高的电解液温度和稳定的OH^-浓度,合适的电流密度,合理的膜厚度、表面特征和Pd黑结合紧密。     

Approximate solution of the magneto-hydrodynamic flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet

The approximate solution of the magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet is obtained by combining the Lie symmetry method with the homotopy perturbation method. The approximate solution is tabulated, plotted for the values of various parameters and compared with the known solutions. It is found that the approximate solution agrees very well with the known numerical solutions, showing the reliability and validity of the present work.     

Approximate solution of the flow over a nonlinear magneto-hydrodynamic stretching sheet

The approximate solution of the magneto-hydrodynamic(MHD) boundary layer flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet is obtained by combining the Lie symmetry method with the homotopy perturbation method.The approximate solution is tabulated,plotted for the values of various parameters and compared with the known solutions.It is found that the approximate solution agrees very well with the known numerical solutions,showing the reliability and validity of the present work.     

Impact of non-ideal transport modeling on supercritical flow simulation

The simulation of a supercritical fluid flow requires sophisticated models for real gas thermodynamic and non-ideal phenomena. They both are presently addressed through the simulation of a non-reacting and reacting high pressure H₂/O₂ splitter-plate configuration. In particular, the diffusion velocity of species is evaluated through the gradient of chemical potential (${\mathbf{d}}_l^{\text{NI}}=X_l{\left(?{\mu }_l\right)}_T$) expressed with the Peng–Robinson equation of state, or with the classical low-pressure approach ${\mathbf{d}}_l^{\mathrm{I}}=?X_l,$ which only uses the gradient of the lth species molar fraction, X_l. In addition, the high pressure binary diffusion coefficients are estimated by the correction of Kurochkin et al. or with the Takahashi approach. The results for the non-reaction case are consistent with the literature for mean and rms values using ${\mathbf{d}}_l^{\mathrm{I}}$. The use of ${\mathbf{d}}_l^{\text{NI}}$ has a limited impact but the temperature profiles become steeper. In the reactive case, the two approaches lead to a difference of 50 K on the average temperature just downstream of the injector and about 100 K further downstream. A non-ideal transport is then required for the modeling of supercritical flow simulation.     

Electron transport in rectangular quantum wells

Experimental results on low-field and high-field electron transport in rectangular quantum wells are reviewed. The related theory is presented and the experimental results are examined in the light of the theory. It is concluded that although some experimental results are available and the theory of transport has been developed, numerical agreement between theory and experiments has not yet been reached. The author felicitates Prof. D S Kothari on his eightieth birthday and dedicates this paper to him on this occasion.     

Attenuation of sound in multi-element acoustically lined rectangular ducts in the absence of mean flow

Extensions of the ordinary Wiener-Hopf technique are outlined and applied to the solution of sound attenuation in multi-element ducts with acoustically absorbing liners in series as well as in parallel combination. For demonstration purposes the simplest case of engineering interest is chosen: namely, a rectangular channel at zero convection velocity. Extensions to circular and annular geometries as well as to mean flow situations are possible. In the absence of a realistic source model acoustic power attenuation results are presented for an incoming fundamental mode only, to show the influence of major design parameters for point reacting liners. The broad band-width attenuation capacity of some liner configurations as well as the necessity to include wave reflections at liner discontinuities for multi-element liners is clearly demonstrated. For a given acoustic source a multi-mode solution can be found by summing the contributions of each incoming unattenuated mode.     

球环型产氚聚变堆中子学分析

对球环型产氚聚变堆概念设计中的中子学设计进行了计算分析。此设计利用了球形环的先进等离子体物理性能和紧凑的结构特征,并尽量利用真空室内的空间安置氚生产包层以减少氚泄漏而提高氚增殖率,达到年产氚量1kg的目标。2D中子学计算得到的氚增殖率高于1．68的设计是其它类似设计没有达到的,进一步体现出球环型产氚聚变堆的先进性。