On Fractional Lévy Processes: Tempering,Sample Path Properties and Stochastic Integration

Journal of Statistical Physics - We define two new classes of stochastic processes, called tempered fractional Lévy process of the first and second kinds (TFLP and TFLP II, respectively). TFLP...     

Cosmic Masers – From OH to Ho (IAU S287), edited by Roy S. Booth,Wouter H.T. Vlemmings and Elizabeth M.L. Humphreys

‘Flying Triangulation’ (FlyTri) is a recently developed principle which allows for a motion-robust optical 3D measurement of rough surfaces. It combines a simple sensor with sophisticated algorithms: a single-shot sensor acquires 2D camera images. From each camera image, a 3D profile is generated. The series of 3D profiles generated are aligned to one another by algorithms, without relying on any external tracking device. It delivers real-time feedback of the measurement process which enables an all-around measurement of objects. The principle has great potential for small-space acquisition environments, such as the measurement of the interior of a car, and motion-sensitive measurement tasks, such as the intraoral measurement of teeth. This article gives an overview of the basic ideas and applications of FlyTri. The main challenges and their solutions are discussed. Measurement examples are also given to demonstrate the potential of the measurement principle.     

Dynamical Processes on Complex Networks,by A. Barrat,M. Barthélemy and A. Vespignani

The present state of theory and experiment on the gravity-induced electric field in metallic conductors and the electric field in accelerated metal conductors is reviewed. The relevant equations are derived in very simple approximations. The results depend on whether the deformation of the lattice of positive ions is neglected or is taken into account. Experimental results obtained with freely falling electrons in a cavity in the metal do not agree with the measurements of potentials on rapidly spinning metal rotors. Older direct measurements of the specific charge of carriers in metallic conductors are also mentioned.     

The Correspondence of Isaac Newton,Volume V, 1709–1713, edited by A. Rupert Hall and L. Tilling

This report reviews the recent progress that has been made toward understanding the necessary-for-life chemistry that took place on the prebiotic Earth, and that led to the appearance of the ht living cells. This understanding is based on the simulation, in the laboratory, of conditions analogous to those presumed (on geological and astronomical evidence), to have been present on the primitive Earth. Such research has led to the production of many of the classes of compounds that are key constituents of our contemporary biology. It has also led to the knowledge that abiogenetically produced organic compounds have an intrinsic tendency to assume the forms and the aggregations that are found in living cells. The report concludes with a summary of the exciting new finds of ‘biological’ molecules in interstellar space.     

Femtosecond Laser–Matter Interactions: Theory,Experiments, and Applications,by Eugene G. Gamaly

The Mössbauer effect, the recoilless absorption and emission of gamma rays by nuclei embedded in solids, has its origin in the properties of the solid state. The nature of this connection is dealt with in some detail and the various effects of the crystalline environment on the nuclear energy levels is described. The importance of these effects as contributions to the study of the physical and chemical properties of crystals is discussed, and applications which depend on the intrinsic energy resolution of the effect are described. The recoilless nuclear resonant scattering and diffraction of gamma rays is also dealt with in some detail.     

Comment on ‘Cr LVV Auger emission and photoreduction of hexavalent Cr oxides by A.G. Schrott,G.S. Frankel,A.J. Davenport,H.S. Isaacs,C.V. Jahnes and M.A. Russak’

A paper by Schrott et al. [Surf. Sci. 250 (1991) 139] on the Auger Cr LVV spectra of Al/Cr alloys is commented on.The area of major disagreement regards the hypothesis that Al-alloying suppresses the Cr LVV decay. It is pointed out that the surface chemical composition of the alloys should be considered in detail, and that instrumental factors and the presence of surface contamination would account for the negligible Cr LVV intensity.