低压加氢法制备1,4-环己烷二甲醇的研究

1,4-环己烷二甲醇是生产改性聚酯的中间单体。采用铜系催化剂，以1,4-环己烷二甲酸二甲酯为原料，低压加氢生成1,4-环己烷二甲醇。考察了反应温度、反应压力等对反应活性的影响，进行了200 h的催化剂寿命评价，并对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明，在反应温度200 ℃，反应压力3.0 MPa的条件下，1,4-环己烷二甲酸二甲酯的转化率大于95%，1,4-环己烷二甲醇的选择性大于98%，XRD谱图说明金属铜是该催化剂的主要活性中心。     

1,4-环己烷二甲醇对可生物降解聚酯PBS的共聚改性

在可生物降解聚酯PBS的分子主链中引入具有立体构型的1,4-环己烷二甲醇(CHDM), 对PBS进行了共聚改性. 研究结果表明, 反应时间在2 h内能够得到数均分子量100000以上的P(BS-co-CHDM)共聚物, 随着1,4-CHDM添加量的增加, 共聚物的结晶度降低, 玻璃化转变温度(Tg)呈上升趋势, 当添加量增大时, 共聚物tanδ随之增大, 内耗峰宽逐渐变窄, 当1,4-CHDM添加量为30%时, 断裂伸长率达到1232%. 所有共聚物的热分解温度均在300 ℃以上, 具有良好的热稳定性.     

1,4-环己烷二甲酸二甲酯制备的研究

采用贵金属钯系催化剂，以对苯二甲酸二甲酯为原料，低压加氢生成1,4-环己烷二甲酸二甲酯。考察了温度、压力、液体空速、氢油比等对反应活性的影响，进行了200?h的催化剂寿命评价，并对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明，随着温度和氢油比的升高，转化率明显提高，选择性变化较小；液体空速增大，转化率和选择性均降低，压力对转化率和选择性影响较小。在220 ℃,4.0 MPa的条件下，对苯二甲酸二甲酯的转化率大于95%，1,4-环己烷二甲酸二甲酯的选择性大于94%，金属钯是该催化剂的主要活性中心。     

三聚氰胺-1,4-环己烷二甲酸结合物微粒体系的共振散射光谱研究及其分析应用

在pH 3.6的乙酸盐缓冲溶液中和聚乙烯醇(PVA)存在下,三聚氰胺(MA)与1,4-环己烷二甲酸(CHDA)发生结合反应形成结合物微粒,该结合物微粒在480 nm处有一个较强的共振散射峰。三聚氰胺质量浓度在0.67～20.0μg/mL范围内与480 nm处的共振散射光强度呈线性关系,其检出限为12μg/L。研究了共存物质对CHDA共振散射测定三聚氰胺的影响,方法的选择性比较好,应用于合成废水测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.3%～3.7%(n=5),回收率在94.8%～103.8%之间。     

1，4-环己烷二甲醇改性生物可降解聚酯PBS的合成与性能表征

用熔融缩聚法合成了一系列聚（丁二酸丁二醇酯丁二酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯）无规共聚物。通过。H—NMR、FT—IR、DSC、TGA、XRD、酶降解测试等方法表征了材料的结构与性能。结果表明：合成得到的共聚酯为预期产物;共聚酯的晶体结构发生了改变,并产生了共晶行为;随着1,4-环己烷二甲醇（CHDM）含量的增加,产物的熔点由113．7℃降至64．6℃,然后升至114．2℃,玻璃化转变温度由-33．8℃单调升高至5．4℃;CHDM的引入增强了共聚酯的热稳定性;酶降解测试得出产物P51、P31具有良好的生物降解性,且P51降解最快。     

聚2,5-呋喃二甲酸1,8-辛二酯的聚合反应

以可再生资源2,5-呋喃二甲酸(FDCA)和1,8-辛二醇(1,8-ODO)为原料,钛酸四丁酯为催化剂,采用直接酯化法制得聚2,5-呋喃二甲酸1,8-辛二酯(1,8-POF)。 考察了原料配比、催化剂用量、酯化温度、缩聚温度及缩聚时间对聚合反应的影响,结果表明,当n(FDCA)∶n(1,8-ODO)=1∶1.2,钛酸四丁酯摩尔分数为0.3%,酯化温度为240 ℃,缩聚温度为260 ℃,缩聚时间为300 min时,缩聚产物的比浓粘度最高（2.1 dL/g）,端羧基含量最低（5.8 mol/t）。 与乙二醇相比,采用1,8-辛二醇为单体降低了酸醇的摩尔比,减少了醇的消耗,同时得到了较高分子量的聚合物。 气质联用仪对酯化馏出液和缩聚产物真空抽出物进行了分析,结果表明,酯化馏出液的主要成分是水,并含有少量的1,8-ODO;缩聚产物真空抽出物的组成为环己酮（56%）、顺式-3-辛烯醇（18%）、4-甲基-3-戊烯-2-酮（17%）和4-羟基-4-甲基-2-戊酮（9%）。     

基于环己烷二甲醇和低聚乳酸制备脂肪/芳香共聚酯

通过对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT),1,6-己二醇(HDO),以及1,4-环己烷二甲醇(CHDM)和-羟基--羧基DL-低聚乳酸(OLA)在催化剂钛酸四丁酯下熔融缩聚合成了一系列可生物降解共聚酯PHCTL。通过核磁共振(1H NMR),差示扫描量热法(DSC),热重分析法(TG)和广角X射线衍射(WAXS)技术对共聚酯进行了表征,随着CHDM含量的增加,共聚酯的熔点(Tm),热分解温度(Td)等都有了明显的增加。凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)分析得出共聚酯的分子量在1.7-3.6  x104之间。在37 C下 PHCTL共聚酯发生了明显的降解,降解速率的大小与共聚酯的亲水性有关。     

4,4-(9-芴)二苯酚型聚碳酸酯的合成及其耐高温性能研究

以4,4-(9-芴)二苯酚(BHPF)和碳酸二苯酯(DPC)为原料,采用熔融酯交换法合成了4,4-(9-芴)二苯酚型聚碳酸酯(BHPF-PC).红外光谱、核磁共振碳谱及氢谱测试结果证实了所得聚合物的化学结构.采用了四苯基膦苯酚盐(C_(30)H_(25)OP)等2种季磷盐以及3种碱性无机盐催化剂作为合成聚碳酸酯的催化剂,结果四苯基膦苯酚盐的催化效果最好.分析了DPC/BHPF初始摩尔比对BHPF-PC的影响规律,随着DPC/BHPF初始摩尔比的增加,BHPF-PC的分子量呈现先增加后降低的趋势.进一步研究了聚合工艺包括缩聚时间和缩聚温度对BHPF-PC的影响,结果表明BHPF-PC分子量达到最大值所需要的时间随DPC/BHPF初始摩尔比的增加而增加.初始摩尔比为1.1∶1的DPC和BHPF,在1×10~(-5)mol/mol(BHPF)的四苯基膦苯酚盐催化作用下,于330℃缩聚150 min可以获得分子量最大的BHPF-PC.最后研究了BHPF-PC的耐高温性能和光学性能,其Tg达到了275℃,空气中失重率为5%时的分解温度T5%为440℃,同时透光率达到了88.1%,表明BHPFPC是一种具有优异耐高温性能的高光学透明材料.     

快速扫描量热法研究聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯的结晶和熔融行为

采用快速扫描量热法(FSC)结合传统的差示扫描量热仪(DSC)考察了聚对苯二甲酸-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯(PCT)聚酯在接近玻璃化转变(T_g)和熔融温度(T_m)范围(100~270 ℃)的结晶和熔融行为。 较大过冷度时PCT聚酯结晶较快,FSC有效地抑制降温过程结晶的发生,而较低过冷度下传统DSC可以避免样品降解对实验结果的影响,二者的结合能很好地对PCT聚酯结晶动力学进行测量,实验结果表明在175 ℃时结晶速率最快。 并且利用Flash DSC对等温结晶温度下形成的片晶熔点进行加热速率的相关测量,在熔融动力学建模的基础上进行校准,以确定零加热速率下片晶的熔点。 Hoffman-Weeks方程中T_m与结晶温度(T_c)的线性关系与T_c=T_m的交点给出了PCT晶体的平衡熔融温度$T_m^o$为315 ℃。     

1,4-丁炔二醇与4,4′-二乙炔联苯共聚物的合成及表征研究

本文用(Ph_3P)_2PdCl_2为催化剂,合成了1,4-丁炔二醇(BD)与4,4-二乙炔联苯(DEBP)共聚物。对用不同比例的两种单体得到的共聚物测定了比重(d_4~(25)、溶胀度(θ_D)、最良溶剂及相邻两交联点之间的平均分子量(M_c)。实验表明,在两种单体摩尔比中,DEBP用量越多,共聚物中泡状微孔越多,颜色越淡,溶胀度和比重越小,交联度越大;DEBP/BD(摩尔比)大于1/5时,共聚物的最良溶剂为苯,溶度参数为9.15卡~(0.5)·cm~(-1.5),是1/10时,其最良溶剂为乙醇,溶度参数是12.7卡~0.5·cm~(-1.5)。对共聚物还做了红外光谱表征。     

Synthesis of 1,4‐Cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4‐Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acid and 1,2‐Cyclohexanedicarboxylates from Formaldehyde,Crotonaldehyde and Acrylate/Fumarate

Valuable polyester monomers and plasticizers—1,4‐cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), 1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (CHDA), and 1,2‐cyclohexanedicarboxylates—have been prepared by a new strategy. The synthetic processes involve a proline‐catalyzed formal [3+1+2] cycloaddition of formaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, and acrylate (or fumarate). CHDM is produced after a subsequent hydrogenation step over a commercially available Cu/Zn/Al catalyst and a one‐pot hydrogenation/oxidation/hydrolysis process yields CHDA, whereas 1,2‐cyclohexanedicarboxylate is obtained by a Pd/C‐catalyzed tandem decarbonylation/hydrogenation step.     

Synthesis of 1,4‐Cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4‐Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acid and 1,2‐Cyclohexanedicarboxylates from Formaldehyde,Crotonaldehyde and Acrylate/Fumarate

Valuable polyester monomers and plasticizers—1,4‐cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), 1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (CHDA), and 1,2‐cyclohexanedicarboxylates—have been prepared by a new strategy. The synthetic processes involve a proline‐catalyzed formal [3+1+2] cycloaddition of formaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, and acrylate (or fumarate). CHDM is produced after a subsequent hydrogenation step over a commercially available Cu/Zn/Al catalyst and a one‐pot hydrogenation/oxidation/hydrolysis process yields CHDA, whereas 1,2‐cyclohexanedicarboxylate is obtained by a Pd/C‐catalyzed tandem decarbonylation/hydrogenation step.     

RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION OF 1,4-DIOXAN-2-ONE INITIATED BY LANTHANUM TRIS（ 2,6-DI-TERT-BUTYL-4-METHYLPHENOLATE）

The ring-opening polymerization of 1,4-dioxan-2-one （PDO） was carried out by lanthanum tris（2,6-di-tert-butyl-4- methylphenolate） （La（OAr）3） as novel single component initiaLor. The influences of polymerization reaction temperature and the molar ratio of monomer to initiator on the monomer conversion and molecular weight of poly（1,4-dioxan-2-one） （PPDO） were explored. PPDO with high viscosity average molecular weight of 1.95×10^5 can be prepared at 40℃ when [PDO]/ [La（OAr）3] molar ratio was 800. Mechanism investigation shows that the polymerization proceeds through a ＂coordination- insertion＂ mechanism with selective rupture of acyl-oxygen be,nd of PDO.     

Controlled stereochemistry of polyamides derived from cis/trans‐1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid

A series of copolyamides 12.y was synthesized either with y = 6, or 1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (1,4‐CHDA) residue, or a mixture of both. The influence of the synthetic route of 1,4‐CHDA containing polyamides on the obtained cis–trans ratio of the incorporated 1,4‐CHDA was investigated. The use of acid chlorides provided a synthetic route with full control of the cis–trans ratio of the 1,4‐CHDA residue during synthesis, whereas synthesis at elevated pressure and temperature caused isomerization. The content and cis–trans ratio of 1,4‐CHDA in the copolyamides were determined by solution ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Increasing the degree of partial substitution of the adipic acid by 1,4‐CHDA resulted in an increase in T_m, even for low molar precentages of 1,4‐CHDA. This phenomenon points to isomorphous crystallization of both the 12.6 and 12.CHDA repeating units. The mps of the synthesized polyamides were independent of the initial cis–trans ratio of 1,4‐CHDA, provided that the samples were annealed at 300 °C before DSC analysis. The polyamides exhibited a different melting pattern depending on the 1,4‐CHDA content. At a low a 1,4‐CHDA content a net exothermic recrystallization occurred during melting, whereas at higher contents of 1,4‐CHDA this recrystallization occurs to a lesser extent, and two separate melting areas are observed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 39: 833–840, 2001     

RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION OF 1,4-DIOXAN-2-ONE INITIATED BY LANTHANUM TRIS( 2,6-DI- TERT-B UTYL-4-METHYLPHENOLATE)

The ring-opening polymerization of 1,4-dioxan-2-one (PDO) was carried out by lanthanum tris(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolate) (La(OAr)3) as novel single component initiator. The influences of polymerization reaction temperature and the molar ratio of monomer to initiator on the monomer conversion and molecular weight of poly(1,4-dioxan-2-one) (PPDO) were explored. PPDO with high viscosity average molecular weight of 1.95 × 105 can be prepared at 40℃ when [PDO]/ [La(OAr)3] molar ratio was 800. Mechanism investigation shows that the polymerization proceeds through a "coordinationinsertion" mechanism with selective rupture of acyl-oxygen bond of PDO.     

SINGLE LANTHANUM TRIS(N-PHENYLETHYL-3,5-DI-t-BUTYLSALICYLALDIMINATO)S INITIATOR FOR RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION OF 1,4-DIOXAN-2-ONE IN BULK

A rare earth Schiff base complex:lanthanum tris(N-phenylethyl-3,5-di-t-butylsalicylaldiminato)s [La(OPEBS)_3] was successfully applied as single component initiator for the ring-opening polymerization of 1,4-dioxan-2-one (PDO) in bulk.The influence of reaction conditions,such as polymerization temperature,the molar ratio of the monomer to initiator (M/I) on the monomer conversion and molecular weight of the polymer has been investigated.Poly(1,4-dioxan-2-one) with a viscosity-average molecular weight (My...     

1,4-二乙氧基苯的相转移催化合成

采用大孔型交联聚苯乙烯为载体研制出新型季 钅盐型相转移催化剂Y98B ,并将其应用于 1 ,4-二乙氧基苯的催化合成反应 ,产品进行了红外光谱分析和熔点测定 ,探讨了催化剂用量、对苯二酚与溴乙烷物质的量比、反应温度和反应时间等动力学条件对产品收率的影响。确定了在反应温度为 70℃、对苯二酚∶溴乙烷 (摩尔比 )为 1∶3.5、反应时间为 4h、催化剂用量为 3.0g的条件下产品收率可达 84.3%     

稀土催化制备窄分子量分布高顺式聚异戊二烯及聚合反应动力学

由稀土羧酸钕盐(Nd)、三异丁基铝(Al)、含氯活化剂(CE)及醇(OH)组成的均相稀土羧酸盐催化体系,用于异戊二烯(Ip)定向聚合,其中含氯活化剂(CE)为氯代烃(CE1)或氯代羧酸酯(CE2).研究了CE和OH的化学结构及Al用量对Ip聚合及聚异戊二烯(PIp)微观结构、分子量及分子量分布的影响,将原位全反射傅立叶红外光谱(in situ ATR-FTIR)技术应用于研究稀土催化Ip配位聚合反应过程及聚合反应动力学,采用FTIR、GPC、NMR及DSC等测试手段表征PIp的微观结构、分子量及其分布、序列分布及热性能.实验结果表明,在稀土催化异戊二烯聚合反应中,少量的CE2和OH有助于提高催化活性、降低分子量分布和提高顺式含量.聚合速率对单体浓度呈现一级动力学关系,表观增长活化能(Ea)为69.5 kJ/mol.通过调节催化剂组分配比及聚合工艺条件,可制备出顺-1,4结构含量可达98%以上、窄分子量分布(Mw/Mn=1.6～2.4)的高顺式聚异戊二烯.