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STM实验发现长链烷烃分子能够改善多种有机分子的吸附性能,本文利用CVFF力场对长链烷烃与石墨吸附体系进行了分子力学模拟,用半经验ZINDO/1,AM1方法对烷基取代酞菁和卟啉的STM形貌反差机制进行了研究。理论计算表明,长链烷烃分子与基底的吸附作用增强了分子的吸附稳定性,而烷烃分子间的二维结晶作用使取代酞菁和卟啉分子形成密排的二维有序结构。前线轨道电子密度和STM实验结果比较证明,分子核部分的电子性质和烷基部分的几何结构决定了取代酞菁和卟啉分子的STM形貌反差。 相似文献
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meso-四(对-磺酸基苯基)卟啉对麦芽糖的分子识别高爽,王杏乔,于连香,曹锡章(吉林大学化学系,长春,130023)关键词卟啉,麦芽糖,分子识别分子识别在生物和生命活动中起着重要作用。近年来,以卟啉及其配合物为接受体对生物分子的人工分子识别研究日趋... 相似文献
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在交联聚苯乙烯微球表面实现苯基卟啉的同步合成与固载 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以键合有对羟基苯甲醛(HBA)的交联聚苯乙烯(CPS)微球HBA-CPS、苯甲醛和吡咯为反应物, 采用Adler方法, 实现了苯基卟啉(PP)在CPS表面的同步合成与固载, 制得了固载有苯基卟啉的微球PP-CPS. 研究了卟啉同步合成与固载过程的影响因素, 同时进行了微球PP-CPS与钴盐的配合反应, 制备了固载有钴卟啉(CoP)的功能微球CoP-CPS, 初步考察了其对分子氧氧化乙苯的催化活性. 实验结果表明, 在苯基卟啉同步合成与固载的反应过程中, 催化剂的酸性与溶剂的极性是两个主要的影响因素, 使用强极性溶剂与pKa在2.8~3.4范围的酸, 微球PP-CPS表面的苯基卟啉固载量高. 微球CoP-CPS对分子氧氧化乙苯的反应具有明显的催化活性. 相似文献
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通过稳态荧光光谱滴定和紫外-可见光谱考察了5-(对羧基苯基-甲酰氨基)苯基10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(p-CPTPP)锌(Ⅱ)、铜(Ⅱ)配合物体系通过氢键的超分子自组装行为。在荧光光谱滴定中,当Cu(p-CPTPP)浓度在一定范围内时,随着Cu(p-CPTPP)浓度增大,Zn(p-CPTPP)-Cu(p-CPTPP)体系荧光强度逐渐增大并稍有红移。根据荧光光谱滴定数据计算了超分子的结合常数,由小波变换方法分解得到的超分子电荷分离态荧光光谱解释了体系荧光增强现象。 相似文献
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基于静电吸引的自组装树状超分子复合物 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
树状分子合成和基于静电作用组装研究是目前十分活跃的研究领域[1-3].树状分子的大小、形状、拓扑形态、柔曲性、内部空腔分布和表面化学可以在分子水平上得到严格的控制,因而其具有独特的性质,被用作“纳米构筑单元”来组装特殊的超分子结构和微环境[3~5].大环共轭卟啉分子在生物体系内的电子转移过程中起着重要作用,以卟啉为核的树状分子可作为人工模拟酶的模型[6].本文首次报道以阴离子卟啉作为树状分子的核,树状阳离子为外层,基于卟啉阴离子与树状阳离子之间静电作用力来组装树状超分子复合物.合成与组装过程如下:1实验部分… 相似文献
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广东省高校大学生膳食调查及营养配餐推荐 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本调查报告采用问卷法了解广东主要高校大学生一周内熟食进食量及用餐情况,计算出每人每日热量和各种营养素的摄人量,采用Microsoft Excel软件进行数据处理和统计分析,并用中国营养学会制订的DRIs(膳食营养素参考摄人量)和中国居民膳食指南及平衡膳食宝塔进行比较分析,且通过微量元素检测对结果进行了验证,最后提供了为期一周的营养配餐作为膳食参考。主要调查结果如下:男女生的蛋白质、尼克酸、维生素C、维生素E、碘和男生锰的摄入量已经满足人体需要。男生铁和锰的摄入量基本满足需要。男女生的能量、脂肪、膳食纤维、维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素、钙、锌的摄人量都不足,且女生铁的摄人量同样不足。男女生一日三餐热量分配结构十分不平衡,早餐的热量摄入均偏低,膳食结构也不合理。在分析广东省大学生膳食状况的基础上,推出五套营养配餐方案供高校膳食部门和大学生参考选用。 相似文献
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气相色谱-质谱联用法测定动物组织中氯霉素、氟甲砜霉素和甲砜霉素的残留量 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
建立了气相色谱-负离子化学电离源质谱同时测定动物组织中氯霉素(CAP)、甲砜霉素(TAP)和氟甲砜霉素(FF)残留量的方法。样品用乙酸乙酯提取,正己烷分配去脂肪,再用Florisil柱进一步净化,甲苯作为反应介质,用N,O-双(三甲基硅基)三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)-三甲基氯硅烷(TMCS)(体积比为99∶1)进行硅烷化处理,用间硝基氯霉素(m-CAP)作为内标进行测定。CAP的检测限可达到0.03 μg/kg,TAP和FF的检测限可达到0.2 μg/kg;上述3种药物的标准曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.99。CAP,FF和TAP的批内测定的精密度(以相对标准偏差表示)依次为5.5%,10.4%和8.8%;批间测定的精密度依次为7.4%,20.7%和19.1%。回收率为80.0%~111.5%,相对标准偏差为1.2%~15.4%。该方法前处理步骤简单,处理后杂质干扰少,灵敏度高,适用性强,可用于猪肉及禽类、水产品等多种动物组织中氯霉素类药物残留的检测。 相似文献
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Application of SPE-HPLC-DAD and SPE-TLC-DAD to the determination of pesticides in real water samples
Tuzimski T 《Journal of separation science》2008,31(20):3537-3542
Planar chromatography with diode array scanning (TLC-DAD) and high-performance chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) were used to screen water samples for pesticides. Pesticides were enriched from lake water samples by SPE on C18/SDB-1, C18, C18 Polar Plus and cyanopropyl (CN) cartridges. The recovery rates were high for all extraction materials except for all pesticides on CN cartridges, for which the values were lower. SPE was used not only for preconcentration of analytes but also for their fractionation. The analytes were eluted first with methanol and then with dichloromethane. Methanol eluates were analysed by HPLC-DAD, the dichloromethane eluates with TLC-DAD. The method was validated for precision, repeatability and accuracy. The calibration plots were linear between 0.1 and 50.0 microg/mL for all pesticides, the correlation coefficients, r, were between 0.9992 and 1.000 as determined by HPLC-DAD. In the TLC experiments, the best fit for the calibration lines was found when the calibration data were analysed using a second-degree polynomial regression. Calibration plots lay between 0.1 and 17 microg/spot for all pesticides, the correlation coefficients, r, were between 0.9974 and 0.9997 determined by TLC-DAD. The LOD was between 0.04 and 0.65 microg/spot (TLC-DAD) and between 0.02 and 3.68 microg/mL (HPLC-DAD). 相似文献
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Novel solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibres containing methyl, ethyl, butyl acrylate and methacrylate were first prepared by a sol–gel technique and investigated for determination of selected organoarsenic compounds (lewisite, methyldichloroarsine, phenyldichloroarsine, diphenylchloroarsine and triphenylarsine) from water samples. The influence of sorption and desorption temperature and time for extraction efficiency were examined. The best new fibre coatings (methyl acrylate (MA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and combination of methyl acrylate and methacrylate (MA/MMA)) for analysis of organoarsenic compounds were selected and compared with commercial fibres. The distribution coefficients Kfs were determined for the best novel fibres and for absorption commercial fibres. The highest Kfs value were obtained for MA/MMA and MMA fibres and were respectively 9458 and 6561 for lewisite and 6458 and 5884 for triphenylarsine. The limit of detection and quantification were determined for the three laboratory obtained fibres (MA, MMA and MA/MMA). LODs for tested fibres, at a signal-to-noise of 3, were 0.03–0.3 ng mL−1. LOQs for selected coatings, at signal-to-noise of 10, were 0.1–0.8 ng mL−1. The relative standard deviations (RSD) for all measurements were 4.3–6.5% (n = 9) and relative errors were 2.5–5%. The laboratory obtained fibres were used for environmental analysis of pore water samples from the Baltic Sea. 相似文献
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Haptens of dichlorvos and paraoxon were conjugated to the carrier proteins of bovine serum albumin. The obtained conjugates were characterized by infrared and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. The binding ratios of dichlorvos and paraoxon-to-carrier proteins were also evaluated. The number of hapten molecules per protein molecule of dichlorvos–cationized bovine serum albumin conjugate was higher than for paraoxon–bovine serum albumin conjugate. The sheep polyclonal antibodies were produced against the dichlorvos and paraoxon. New multipolyclonal antibodies were obtained and characterized following the immunization of a 1:1 mixture of the immunogens for the simultaneous determination of dichlorvos and paraoxon by the immunoassay. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to characterize the reactivity of the antibodies to hapten conjugates. The multiantibodies showed lower affinities than the separate antibodies, but their affinities were sufficient for an immunoassay for the simultaneous determination of the analytes. The detection limit and linear range for the determination of dichlorvos and paraoxon alone and together were determined. The recovery was characterized to determine dichlorvos and paraoxon fortified in model solutions and milk. These results demonstrate the potential of this immunoassay for the quantitative screening of dichlorvos and paraoxon. 相似文献
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Samir A. Patel Milan V. Patel Arabinda Ray Rajni M. Patel 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2003,41(15):2335-2344
Low molecular weight poly(ether ketone)s were synthesized from phenol, 1,4‐phenylenedioxy diacetylchloride, chloroacetylchloride, and dichloroalkanes [1,2‐dichloroethane and dichloromethane] by a Friedel–Crafts reaction with anhydrous aluminum chloride as a catalyst and carbon disulfide as a solvent. The conditions for the preparation of the poly(ether ketone)s and the chlorine contents obtained with the Carius method were examined, and a reaction scheme for each resin was established. The molecular weights and polydispersities of the resins were obtained by gel permeation chromatography. The polyketones were characterized by IR spectroscopy. The characteristic frequencies due to different functional groups were assigned. The thermal properties of the resins were studied with thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. The characteristic temperatures of thermal degradation for the poly(ether ketone)s were evaluated with thermogravimetric analysis. The kinetic parameters for the decomposition reactions of the resins were obtained with Broido and Doyle's method, and the heats of fusion were obtained from differential scanning calorimetry thermograms. The polyketones were thermally stable up to 200 °C. All the polyketones were tested for their microbial properties against bacteria, fungi, and yeast. The effect of poly(ether ketone)s on the growth of these microorganisms was investigated, and the polyketones were found to inhibit the growth of the microorganisms to a considerable extent. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 2335–2344, 2003 相似文献