三相驱动下非光滑振动驱动系统的动力学分析

可移动式机器人已成为机器人研究领域的重要分支,为实现其在狭小特殊环境中的运动,学者们提出并研究了振动驱动移动系统.本文基于二维LuGre摩擦模型和拉格朗日方程,给出了一类振动驱动系统在各向同性摩擦环境中的动力学建模方法和数值算法.这类振动驱动系统结构简单且密封性好,依靠箱体与地面间的摩擦力实现自身的定向运动.该系统由一个外部箱体和两个内部质量块构成,两个质量块在箱体内的两个平行轨道上作三相振动驱动,箱体通过三个刚性支撑足与地面保持接触.二维LuGre摩擦模型的利用,可有效避免库伦摩擦模型的不连续性给动力学方程的数值求解带来的困难,且可有效揭示该系统在运动过程中的黏滞-滑移切换现象.数值仿真结果表明,通过调整其内部质量块的驱动参数,可实现箱体的直线平移、定轴转动和平面一般运动,且箱体在移动和转动过程中会出现擦滑、穿滑、回滑和不黏等4种现象;另外,通过调节驱动参数,不仅可以改变箱体移动和转动的快慢,还可以改变箱体形心运动轨迹的曲率半径.     

雨刮器非线性摩擦振动的稳定性与分岔特性

针对雨刮器建立2自由度非线性摩擦振动动力学模型,基于复模态理论计算复特征值并进行稳定性及其对刮刷速度的依赖性分析;通过数值计算分析摩擦振动对刮刷速度的分岔特性,并利用相轨迹、庞加莱映射、频谱特性分析不同刮刷速度下的非线性振动现象.研究发现:摩擦-速度特性的负斜率是导致系统不稳定的根本原因,增大刮刷速度有利于提高系统的稳定性;在高、低刮速区,随着刮刷速度的下降,系统振动形态遵循周期→准周期→混沌的演化规律,并会伴随显著的粘滑振动;仅高速区的周期振动和非振动条件下,刮刷时无附加的粘滑振动.     

碰撞振动系统分岔与混沌的研究进展

针对工程实际中普遍存在的碰撞振动系统这种典型的非光滑动力系统, 其研究具有重要的理论意义和工程实用价值. 碰撞振动系统动力学的分析与研究方法主要有理论分析、数值模拟以及应用与实验研究. 为了研究碰撞振动系统的周期运动稳定性、分岔及混沌, 采用的手段有建立Poincar'{e}映射、中心流形和范式方法, 映射的分岔与混沌理论是碰撞振动系统研究的理论基础. 首先简述了碰撞振动系统的分析与研究方法, 光滑非线性系统动力学的分析方法部分可以推广到碰撞振动系统, 碰撞振动的不连续性导致一些方法的适用性和有效性问题. 进一步综述了碰撞振动系统周期运动稳定性、分岔、混沌及奇异性的理论研究和工程应用现状. 最后着重结合相关离散型映射系统的动力学发展, 对碰撞振动系统的分岔与混沌研究及存在的主要问题进行了讨论, 并展望了其发展趋势.      

一类振动方程周期解的全局分岔

本文利用Ｍｅｌｎｉｋｏｖ函数方法，通过分析无穷远处轨线的性质，研究一类柱面振动方程周期解的全局分岔问题，获得了第二类闭轨存在性和唯一性的条件。     

振动驱动移动系统平面避障运动分析

近年来,工业机器人的应用领域日益广泛,可移动机器人的发展备受关注,为了在一些复杂环境中准确地完成作业,学者们提出并研究了振动驱动移动系统.本文研究了在各向异性黏性摩擦环境中一类有两个在平行轨道内做正弦运动的内部质量块的振动驱动移动系统的运动规律,提出了使系统完成包括避障等规定作业的驱动设计方法.首先利用第二类拉格朗日方程,建立了系统的动力学方程;然后,利用速度Verlet积分法分析了系统的运动规律,得到了内部驱动参数与系统运动轨迹、运动速度的关系;最后,结合振动驱动移动系统的运动规律,提出了使系统沿预设路径运动和实现避障运动的驱动设计方法.通过曲线离散得到了系统沿预设路径运动的移动轨迹,进而通过改变内部质量块的驱动参数,使系统沿预设路径运动.为了使移动系统在障碍物环境中达到目标位置,提出了结合栅格法,Floyd算法及最小顶点圆法的优化的路径规划计算方法,得到了振动驱动移动系统在障碍物环境中运动的最优路径,并通过改变内部质量块的驱动参数实现了移动系统的避障运动.     

干摩擦振动系统响应计算方法研究综述

首先讨论了两固体接触表面间的干摩擦力模型,重点介绍了滞迟摩擦模型方面的研究工作;然后,论述了含有各种干摩擦环节的振动系统简谐、随机和冲击激励下的响应计算方法,着重讨论了基于滞迟恢复力模型的响应计算方法,并对各种计算方法的特点进行了评述.最后,指出了干摩擦振动系统响应计算方法亟待解决的一些重大问题.      

分段线性非线性振动机械周期运动的分岔

对于分段线性非线性振动机械已经进行了一些研究工作，本文利用点映射－胞映射法（简称ＰＣＡＳ）分析了分段线性非线性振动机械的周期运动关于软弹簧刚度的分岔的情况，所得结论对于设计这灯机械有指导意义。     

倾斜正交异性矩形板热振动分岔

研究了倾斜正交异性矩形板在热状态下的振动分岔,讨论分析了温度、长宽比、板厚、倾斜角对正交异性矩形板发生混沌运动区域的影响。     

一类单侧碰撞悬臂振动系统的擦边分岔分析

与光滑动力系统不同,擦边分岔是非光滑动力系统中的一种特殊分岔行为.局部不连续映射是研究非光滑动力系统擦边分岔的一种有力工具.对一类单侧弹性碰撞悬臂振动系统进行了擦边分岔分析.首先建立了系统对应的局部不连续映射(ZDM)和全局Poincaré映射,进而在其他参数固定,碰撞间隙9为分岔参数时利用数值仿真的方法分别对原系统和对应的Poincaré映射进行擦边分岔分析,得到了该系统的两种不同类型的擦边分岔行为:周期1到周期2运动和周期1到混沌,这两种擦边分岔与刚性碰撞系统的情况是不相同的.由分析可知,对于含高阶非线性项的非光滑动力系统的擦边分岔,同样可以利用局部不连续映射的方法进行研究.     

轴向变速运动粘弹性弦线的横向振动分岔

研究轴向运动弦线横向振动的分岔.弦线轴向速度为常平均速度带有简谐涨落,其粘弹性材料由Kelvin模型描述.建立系统的动力学方程并应用2阶Galerkin截断进行简化.计算了弦线中点的Poincare截面映射对平均轴向速度、轴向速度涨落幅值和弹性模量的分岔图.     

Oscillation Types and Bifurcations of a Nonlinear Second-Order Differential-Difference Equation

This paper considers the second-order differential difference equation

Control of Chaotic Motion in a Spinning Spacecraft with a Circumferential Nutational Damper

Control of chaotic vibrations in a simplified model of a spinning spacecraft with a circumferential nutational damper is achieved using two techniques. The control methods are implemented on a realistic spacecraft parameter configuration which has been found to exhibit chaotic instability when a sinusoidally varying torque is applied to the spacecraft for a range of forcing amplitude and frequency. Such a torque, in practice, may arise in the platform of a dual-spin spacecraft under malfunction of the control system or from an unbalanced rotor or from vibrations in appendages. Chaotic instabilities arising from these torques could introduce uncertainties and irregularities into a spacecraft's attitude and consequently could have disastrous affects on its operation. The two control methods, recursive proportional feedback (RPF) and continuous delayed feedback, are recently developed techniques for control of chaotic motion in dynamical systems. Each technique is outlined and the effectiveness of the two strategies in controlling chaotic motion exhibited by the present system is compared and contrasted. Numerical simulations are performed and the results are studied by means of time history, phase space, Poincaré map, Lyapunov characteristic exponents and bifurcation diagrams.     

T-Points in a Z2-Symmetric Electronic Oscillator. (I) Analysis

In this work we study the presence of T-points, a kind of codimension-two heteroclinic loop, in a Z₂-symmetric electronicoscillator. Our analysis proves that, in the parameter plane, whenthe equilibria involved are saddle-focus,three spiraling curves of global codimension-onebifurcations emerge from this T-point, corresponding tohomoclinic of the origin, homoclinic of the nontrivialequilibria and heteroclinic between the nontrivial equilibriaconnections. Some first-order features of these three curves are also shown.The analytical results, valid for all three-dimensionalZ₂-symmetric systems, are successfully checked in themodified van der Pol–Duffing electronic oscillator considered.     

Nonlinear System Identification of Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Systems

A nonlinear system identification methodology based on theprinciple of harmonic balance is extended tomulti-degree-of-freedom systems. The methodology, called HarmonicBalance Nonlinearity IDentification (HBNID), is then used toidentify two theoretical two-degree-of-freedom models and anexperimental single-degree-of freedom system. The three modelsand experiments deal with self-excited motions of afluid-structure system with a subcritical Hopf bifurcation. Theperformance of HBNID in capturing the stable and unstable limitcycles in the global bifurcation behavior of these systems is alsostudied. It is found that if the model structure is well known,HBNID performs well in capturing the unknown parameters. If themodel structure is not well known, however, HBNID captures thestable limit cycle but not the unstable limit cycle.     

Nonlinear System Identification of Systems with Periodic Limit-Cycle Response

A nonlinear system identification methodology based on the principle of harmonic balance and bifurcation theory techniques like center manifold analysis and normal form reduction, is presented for multi-degree-of-freedom systems. The methodology, called Bifurcation Theory System IDentification, (BiTSID), is a general procedure for any nonlinear system that exhibits periodic limit cycle response and can be used to capture the bifurcation behavior of the nonlinear systems. The BiTSID methodology is demonstrated on an experimental system single-degree-of-freedom system that deals with self-excited motions of a fluid-structure system with a sub-critical Hopf bifurcation. It is shown that BiTSID performs excellently in capturing the stable and unstable limit cycles within the experimental regime. Its performance outside the experimental regime is also studied. The application of BiTSID to experimental multi-degree-of-freedom systems has also been very successful. However in this study only the results of the single-degree-of-freedom system are presented.     

Nonstationary response near generic bifurcations

We consider in this paper nonstationary response near generic bifurcations of equilibria under one control parameter. The bifurcations treated are the transcritical, super- and subcritical Hopf, and the fold all in their simplest, generic normal forms. The nonstationary is generated by varying the control parameter, either linearly or sinusoidally. Exact analytical solutions are obtained, and local and global stability is discussed     

Constructing dynamical systems having homoclinic bifurcation points of codimension two

A procedure is derived which allows for a systematic construction of three-dimensional ordinary differential equations having homoclinic solutions. The equations are proved to exhibit codimension-two homoclinic bifurcation points. Examples include the non-orientable resonant bifurcation, the inclination-flip, and the orbit-flip. In addition, an equation is constructed which has a homoclinic orbit converging to a saddle-focus satisfying Shilnikov's condition. The vector fields are polynomial and non-stiff in that the eigenvalues are of moderate size.