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对直径分别39.9~350.1 μm的微细金属丝水平和垂直放置在空气中时的自然对流换热系数进行了实验测量.实验中对细丝采用焦耳加热.并通过标定金属丝电阻与温度的关系,精确测定了金属细丝的表面平均温度.将测得的实验值与经典关联式的预测值进行了比较,实验结果表明:随着细丝直径的减小,实验值与理论计算值的差别越来越大.这可能由于尺度的缩小,使得细丝的边缘效应加强,边界层变薄,从而强化了换热;水平放置的细丝表面的自然对流换热要强于垂直放置的细丝,这是由于竖丝表面受到流体的冲刷作用,边界层厚度大于横丝表面边界层厚度的缘故. 相似文献
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航天器密封舱微重力对流换热的数值分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文以某航天器密封舱热控设计为背景,对其密封舱空间对流换热问题进行了三维流动与传热数值模拟。考虑到空间微重力等一些特殊因素等影响,着重分析模拟了密封舱压力变化、地面自然对流和空间微重力以及风扇设计状态等变化因素对密封舱对流换热影响关系。分析表明,风扇对流强化换热效果明显,可以忽略地面自然对流影响,而且使舱内空气温度均匀。 相似文献
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《工程热物理学报》2021,42(7):1837-1843
直流螺旋管式蒸汽发生器具有结构紧凑和换热系数高等优点,能够进一步提高液态金属反应堆的紧凑性和经济性。此时蒸发器壳侧为液态金属横掠管束流动,而在可查阅文献中专门针对液态金属横掠顺排管束的换热关系式却很有限。本文采用SST k-ω模型和湍流普朗特数模型数值研究了液态铅铋合金横掠顺排管束的流动和换热特征。首先采用前人的实验结果对数值模型进行了验证,模拟结果与努塞尔数实验值偏差小于8%。研究了普朗特数、雷诺数以及管束结构对液态金属横掠顺排管束换热特征的影响。讨论了不同工况下分子热扩散系数和湍流热扩散系数对于换热的贡献以及传热管周向局部换热特征。最后根据计算结果拟合出了液态铅铋合金横掠顺排管束的努塞尔数公式。 相似文献
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1前言用晶体表面加热其它介质是普遍存在的换热现象,其中对流换热是主要的换热方式之一。对其换热机理,有关研究人员进行了广泛深人的研究,取得了许多重要成果[‘-‘]。但迄今还缺乏统一的认识,没有形成系统的理论,其原因之一可能是由于人们总是把进行热交换的双... 相似文献
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采用格子Boltzmann方法对可变形腔体内自然对流问题进行数值研究,给出平均努赛尔数的经验关系式.腔体左壁加热长度分为左壁面的整个区域(H)和左壁面的中间区域(0.5H)两种情况,右壁向外界环境开放,上下边界绝热且可以上下移动,以此调节右出口尺寸.主要研究瑞利数(104 ≤ Ra ≤ 106),右出口尺寸(1.0H ≤ L ≤ 2.0H),左壁加热尺寸(Lh=0.5H或Lh=H)对腔体内等温线、流线、局部努塞尔数和平均努赛尔数的影响.结果表明:腔体内换热随着瑞利数的增大越来越强烈,表现为椭圆形准静止区域更加靠近上绝热壁,且热分层厚度逐渐变小,平均努赛尔数增加.而右出口尺寸的增加,对于两种加热尺寸下腔内的换热效果有不同程度影响,其中与加热尺寸为左壁面的全部区域Lh=H相比,加热尺寸为左壁面的中间情况Lh=0.5H时,右侧开口尺寸的增加对换热效果的影响不显著.此外,左壁加热尺寸为0.5H时显示出比加热尺寸为H时更高的平均传热效率.最后,针对不同的加热尺寸,提出加热面平均努赛尔数与Ra数及右壁面开口尺寸L*之间函数关系的经验预测,拟合效果满足工程实践与设计需要. 相似文献
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以水为介质,建立了液体流动的混合物多相流模型及空化模型,运用CFD方法对水平圆管内伴随有水力空化现象的受迫对流换热过程进行了数值研究,详细分析了管道入口压力、入口温度和限流孔与管道直径比等因素对水力空化及对流换热过程的影响规律。数值模拟结果表明,空化现象出现在圆管喉部(限流孔)壁面附近区域;与相同流量下无空化时的传热相比,在发生空化现象的区域,传热壁面被蒸汽所覆盖导致传热急剧恶化,而在远离空化发生区域的下游位置,由于空化的扰流作用使得加热壁面与流体之间的传热得到明显改善。 相似文献
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An experimental investigation was made to study heat transfer in a pipe which is oscillated about an axis that is parallel to, but offset from, the pipe axis. Air was used as working fluid. The experimental setup was designed so as to provide oscillating motion of a test pipe. The measurement systems were installed on the oscillating section. For both steady and oscillating flows, the bulk air temperature and wall temperature, pressure drop, and frequency were measured. The parameters for this study were chosen as Reynolds number from 5,000 to 20,000 and oscillating frequencies from 10 to 20 Hz. The variations of Nusselt number versus these parameters were determined and presented graphically. Heat transfer enhancement of 42% was achieved at constant pumping power for oscillatory flow. 相似文献
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Forced convection heat transfer from a helically coiled heat exchanger embedded in a packed bed of spherical glass particles was investigated experimentally. With dry air at ambient pressure and temperature as a flowing fluid, the effect of particle size, helically coiled heat exchanger diameter, and position was studied for a wide range of Reynolds numbers. It was found that the particle diameter, the helically coiled heat exchanger diameter and position, and the air velocity are of great influence on the convective heat transfer between the helically coiled heat exchanger and air. Results indicated that the heat transfer coefficient increased with increasing the air velocity, increasing helically coiled heat exchanger diameter, and decreasing the particle size. The highest heat transfer coefficients were obtained with the packed-bed particle size of 16 mm and heat exchanger coil diameter of 9.525 mm (1/4 inch) at a Reynolds number range of 1,536 to 4,134 for all used coil positions in the conducted tests. A dimensionless correlation was proposed for Nusselt number as a function of Reynolds number, particle size, coil size, and coil position. 相似文献
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An experimental study performed to compare the results of different methods used in the literature for the calculation of heat transfer coefficient in double-tube heat exchangers. Then, a new fundamental approach was proposed which used the temperature profile and the local heat transfer coefficients. In this method, the heat transfer coefficient has been calculated for the total length of the heat exchanger including developing and fully developed regions. Numerous experimentations have been conducted in a double-tube heat exchanger. A significant difference observed between the results obtained from the suggested approach and those of the previous methods. 相似文献
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颗粒有序堆积多孔介质对流换热实验研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文采用"瞬态单吹反问题研究方法"对颗粒有序堆积多孔介质内的强制对流换热进行了实验研究。详细研究了颗粒堆积方式变化对多孔介质内对流换热的影响,并对均匀与非均匀颗粒堆积多孔介质内的对流换热特性进行了对比分析。研究表明:通过对颗粒进行合理有序堆积,可以使相应多孔介质内的压降显著降低,其综合换热效率明显提高;通过拟合获得了颗粒有序堆积多孔介质内的宏观流动换热实验关联式,其形式与传统经验公式(Ergun公式和Wakao公式)一致,但部分模型参数值远低于传统经验公式。 相似文献