One-step synthesis of pentavalent triphenylantimony derivatives Ph3Sb(OSiR3)2, Ph3Sb(OCH2CH2)2NH and Ph3Sb(OCH2CH2NMe2)2: X-ray molecular structure of Ph3Sb(OSiMe3)2

Pentavalent bis(triorganosiloxy)triphenylantimony derivatives, Ph₃Sb(OSiR₃)₂ (R = Me, Ph), were synthesized by reaction of triphenylantimony with trimethyl- or triphenylsilanol in the presence of tert-butylhydroperoxide by the mild reaction conditions (0-5 °C, 2 h). The reaction of triphenylantimony with diethanolamine in the presence of tert-butylhydroperoxide gave the cyclic compound Ph₃Sb(OCH₂CH₂)₂NH. The mixture of Ph₃SbO and Ph₃Sb(OCH₂CH₂NMe₂)₂ was obtained by the reaction of triphenylantimony with 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethanol in the presence of tert-butylhydroperoxide.     

The binuclear trimethyl/triethylantimony(V) bis-catecholate derivatives of four-electron reduced 4,4′-di-(3-methyl-6-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone)

The reaction of 4,4′-di-(3-methyl-6-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone) (Q-Q) with trimethyl- or triethylstibine proceeds as a two-electron oxidative addition of each quinone moiety and allows to prepare binuclear bis-catecholates R₃Sb(Cat-Cat)SbR₃ with a nearly quantitative yield (R = Me, 1; R = Et, 2). The products 1 and 2 were characterized by IR-, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Molecular structure of triethylantimony(V) bis-catecholate 2 was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Each Sb(V) atom adopts square pyramidal geometry with Cat moiety in basal positions, dihedral angle between Cat fragments is 74.27(5)°. The oxidation of bis-catecholates by ferrocenium tetrafluoroborate or tetrabromo-p-benzoquinone leads to loss of one trialkylantimony(V) moiety forming paramagnetic salts containing one-side decoordinated mononuclear semiquinone-catecholato [R₃Sb(Cat-SQ)]⁻ anion detected by EPR. The oxidation of 1 by air oxygen allows to prepare mononuclear quinone-catecholate Me₃Sb(Cat-Q) (3).     

Reactions of Ru(Cp) complexes with P(o-tolyl)3

Reaction of [Ru(Cp^∗)(CH₃CN)₃](PF₆) with P(o-tolyl)₃ affords [Ru(Cp^∗){(η⁶-o-tolyl)P(o-tolyl)₂}](PF₆) (4) in which the P-atom is not coordinated to the metal. The solid-state structure of 4 has been determined. A related reaction with P(p-tolyl)₃ reveals a small quantity [Ru(Cp^∗){(η⁶-p-tolyl)P(o-tolyl)₂}](PF₆), in solution, but mostly the expected bis-phosphine complex. Reaction of the Ru(IV) dication, [Ru(Cp^∗)(η³-PhCHCHCH₂)(DMF)₂](PF₆)₂, with P(o-tolyl)₃ gives a mixture of the phosphonium salt, C₆H₅CHCHCH₂P(o-tolyl)₃ (9) and the dication [Ru(Cp^∗) (η⁶-C₆H₅CHCHCH₂P(o-tolyl)₃)](PF₆)₂ (10). Salt 9 forms via attack of the P-atom on the allyl ligand. The latter product results from complexation of 9 via the phenyl group of the former allyl ligand. It would seem that the sterically demanding P(o-tolyl)₃ ligand is not readily compatible with the Ru(Cp^∗) fragment, in either the +2 or +4 oxidation state. Detailed NMR studies are reported.     

Synthesis, vibrational and NMR spectroscopic characterization of [N(CH3)4][IO2F2] and X-ray crystal structure of [N(CH3)4]2[IO2F2][HF2]

The salt, [N(CH₃)₄][IO₂F₂], was prepared from [N(CH₃)₄][IO₃] and 49% aqueous HF, and characterized by Raman, infrared, and ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy. Crystals of [N(CH₃)₄]₂[IO₂F₂][HF₂] were obtained by reduction of [N(CH₃)₄][cis-IO₂F₄] in the presence of [N(CH₃)₄][F] in CH₃CN solvent and were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction: C2/m, a = 14.6765(2) Å, b = 8.60490(10) Å, c = 13.9572(2) Å, β = 120.2040(10)°, V = 1523.35(3) Å³, Z = 4 and R = 0.0192 at 210 K. The crystal structure consists of two IO₂⁻F₂ anions that are symmetrically bridged by two H⁻F₂ anions, forming a [F₂O₂I(FHF)₂IO₂F₂]⁴⁻ dimer. The symmetric bridging coordination for the H⁻F₂ anion in this structure represents a new bonding modality for the bifluoride anion.     

Synthesis, characterization and biological activities of some new organotin(IV) derivatives: Crystal structure of [(Sn Ph3) (OOCC6H4OH)] and [(SnMe3)2 (OOC)2C6Cl4 (DMSO)2]

Some new organotin(IV) carboxylates 1-3 of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (L_A) and 4-6 of 2,3,4,5-tetrachloro-6-(methoxycarbonyl) benzoic acid (L_B) have been synthesized, respectively, by the esterification of triorganotin oxide/hydroxide with the corresponding acids in an appropriate mole ratios. Multinuclear NMR (¹H, ¹³C and ¹¹⁹Sn), IR and X-ray crystallographic studies were carried out to elucidate their structures both in solution and in solid state. The X-ray crystallographic data for 3 was recollected at low temperature. The compound 4 was dissolved in DMSO and a new compound 4 · 2DMSO [(SnMe₃)₂(OOC)₂C₆Cl₄(DMSO)₂] was crystallized out. The structure shows that two Sn moieties are attached to the ligand (L_B) through two carboxylic groups. The two molecules of DMSO are coordinated to each of the Sn atoms via oxygen atom to terminate the conventional polymeric chain of trimethyl carboxylates to a discrete molecule, having trigonal bipyramidal geometry around the Sn atoms. Some of the synthesized compounds exhibited significant antifungal activities and have a potential to be used as drugs.     

Structural study on the organoantimony(III) NCN - Chelated compounds [2,6-(Me2NCH2)2C6H3]SbX2 - Influence of the polar group X

The reactions of organoantimony chloride LSbCl₂ (1) (L = [2,6-(Me₂NCH₂)₂C₆H₃]⁻) with the silver salts of selected carboxylic acids (1:2 molar ratio) resulted to the corresponding organoantimony carboxylates LSbX₂, where X = CH₃COO for (2); CF₃COO for (3). Similar reactions of 1 with the silver salt of the low nucleophilic anion (1:0.5 and 1:1 molar ratio) gave the ionic compounds [LSb(Cl)--Cl-Sb(Cl)L]⁺[CB₁₁H₁₂]⁻ (4), and [LSbCl]⁺[CB₁₁H₁₂]⁻ (5). All compounds were characterized by the help of the elemental analysis, ESI-MS, ¹H, ¹¹B, ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy. The solid state structure investigation using single crystal X-ray diffraction technique (3-5) revealed the presence of the strong Sb-N intramolecular dative connections in all cases and also significant differences in the shapes of the coordination polyhedra around the central antimony atoms was observed, i.e. a tetragonal pyramidal environment in 3 (CF₃COO groups are placed mutually in trans positions), an unusual chlorine bridged dinuclear cation consisting of one apex (Cl atom) sharing square pyramids in 4, and finally a vacant ψ-trigonal bipyramid around the central antimony atom in 5. Even more, crystallization of 5 from THF provided the single crystals of a THF aduct of 5 [LSbCl(THF)]⁺[CB₁₁H₁₂]⁻5a, where the central antimony atom is located in a tetragonal pyramidal environment. The solid state structures of 3-5 are retained in solution. Solution structure of the compound 2 was determined by the help of VT-¹H NMR spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy showing, that both carboxylates (CH₃COO) are unidentate and are placed mutually in cis positions in the coordination polyhedron around the central antimony atom. The whole coordination polyhedron in 2 might be best described as a biccaped - trigonal pyramid, due to the additional Sb-N intramolecular interactions.     

Synthesis,structural characterization and reactivity of copper(I)-nitrile complexes: Crystal and molecular structure of [Cu(BzCN)4][BF4]

Complexes of general formula [CuL₄][BF₄] (L = benzonitrile – PhCN 2 or phenylacetonitrile – BzCN 3) have been prepared and structurally characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Their structure and reactivity have been compared to the well known [Cu(MeCN)₄][BF₄] (1). The ⁶³Cu line width and the ⁶³Cu chemical shift have been evaluated by varying the temperature and the concentration of the complex 2 in benzonitrile solutions. The phenylacetonitrile solutions of the complex 3 give extremely broad signals which are beyond detection. Accordingly, compound 3 has been studied by ⁶³Cu MAS NMR spectroscopy. The solution NMR data are consistent to the prevalence of dynamic equilibrium between tetra- and low-coordinated species in both complexes. The X-ray structure of 3 revealed that the copper(I) atom sits in a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry, surrounded by four BzCN ligands.     

Preparation and structural characterization of [RuCl2(CO)2{Te(CH2SiMe3)2}2] and [RuCl2(CO){Te(CH2SiMe3)2}3]

The objective of the present work was to synthesize mononuclear ruthenium complex [RuCl₂(CO)₂{Te(CH₂SiMe₃)₂}₂] (1) by the reaction of Te(CH₂SiMe₃)₂ and [RuCl₂(CO)₃]₂. However, the stoichiometric reaction affords a mixture of 1 and [RuCl₂(CO){Te(CH₂SiMe₃)₂}₃] (2). The X-ray structures show the formation of the cis(Cl), cis(C), trans(Te) isomer of 1 and the cis(Cl), mer(Te) isomer of 2. The ¹²⁵Te NMR spectra of the complexes are reported. The complex distribution depends on the initial molar ratio of the reactants. With an excess of [RuCl₂(CO)₃]₂ only 1 is formed. In addition to the stoichiometric reaction, a mixture of 1 and 2 is observed even when using an excess of Te(CH₂SiMe₃)₂. Complex 1 is, however, always the main product. In these cases the ¹²⁵Te NMR spectra of the reaction solution also indicates the presence of unreacted ligand.     

Formation of [Cp2TiSbMe2]2, [Cp2TiSb(SiMe3)2]2 and [Cp2TiCl]2·2Mes4Sb2

Reactions of [Cp₂Ti(btmsa)] (btmsa = bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene) with R₄Sb₂ (R = Me, Me₃Si) give [Cp₂TiSbMe₂]₂ (1) or [Cp₂TiSb(SiMe₃)₂]₂ (2) respectively. [Cp₂TiCl]₂·2Mes₄Sb₂ (3) is serendipitously formed from [Cp₂Ti(btmsa)] and Mes₂SbH containing NH₄Cl traces.     

Synthesis and structural behavior of the P-functional organotin chlorides [Ph2P(CH2)3]2SnCl2, Ph2P(CH2)3SnCl2Me, and Ph2P(CH2)nSnCl3 (n=2, 3)

The P-functional organotin dichloride [Ph₂P(CH₂)₃]₂SnCl₂ (3) is synthesized by reaction of Ph₂P(CH₂)₃MgCl with SnCl₄ independently of the molar ratio of the starting compounds. The corresponding organotin trichlorides Ph₂P(CH₂)_nSnCl₂R (4: n=2, R=Cl; 5: n=3, R=Cl; 6: n=3, R=Me) are formed in a cleavage reaction of Ph₂P(CH₂)_nSnCy₃ (n=2, 3) with SnCl₄ or MeSnCl₃, respectively. The main features of the crystal structures of 3–6 are both intra- and intermolecular PSn coordinations and the existence of intermolecular Sn---ClSn bridges. For further characterization of the title compounds, the adducts 4(Ph₃PO)₂ (7) and 5(Ph₃PO) (8), as well as the P-oxides and P-sulfides of 3–6 (9–15), are synthesized. The results of crystal structure analyses of 7, 11, 12, and 14 are reported. The structures of 9–15 are characterized by intramolecular P=XSn interactions (X=O, S). A first insight into the structural behavior of the compounds 3–15 in solution is discussed on the basis of multinuclear NMR data.     

Crystal structure and magnetic property of spin crossover complex Fe(3-phenylpyridine)2[Au(CN)2]2

A novel two-dimensional network bimetallic Fe Au spin crossover coordination polymer based on 3-phenylpyridine-coordinated iron centers and linear gold cyanide bridges {Fe(3-phenylpyridine)₂[Au(CN)₂]₂}_n (1), has been synthesized. The compound is characterized by elemental analysis, IR, single-crystal X-ray analysis at 300 and 90 K and magnetic measurements. The Fe^II ions in 1 have octahedral Fe^IIN₆ coordination geometries, which are linked by [Au(CN)₂]⁻ units at the equatorial plane to form a polymeric 2D sheet architecture. The two pyridine rings coordinate in axial position. Variable-temperature (2-300 K) magnetic susceptibility measurements of 1 were performed to determine the spin transition behavior. SQUID data show that high and low spin states exist in a 1:1 ratio at 90 K. However, only one kind of Fe^II atom is apparent crystallographically at 90 K, indicating that the high and low spin sites are disordered in the polymeric 2D framework.     

Two new metal derivates of the alumosiloxane [Ph2SiO]8[AlO(OH)]4: [Ph2SiO]8[AlO2(Na)]4 · 5(THF) and [Ph2SiO]8[AlO(OH)]2[AlO2]2[Zn(OH)]2 · 2(OEt2)

When the polycyclic alumosiloxane [Ph₂SiO]₈[AlO(OH)]₄ is allowed to react with either cyclopentadienyl sodium in tetrahydrofuran or with dimethyl zinc in diethyl ether the organic ligands on the metal elements are eliminated as cyclopentadiene or methane and the metals are bonded to oxygen atoms in the alumosiloxane forming [Ph₂SiO]₈[AlO₂(Na)]₄ · 5(THF) or [Ph₂SiO]₈[AlO(OH)]₂[AlO₂]₂[Zn(OH)]₂ · 2(OEt₂), respectively. X-ray structure determinations reveal that in the sodium derivative the original polycycle rests almost unchanged while in the zinc derivative the inner skeleton is rearranged.     

Crystal structure of a novel Hg(II) complex, [Hg(tri-2-furylphosphine)2(tri-2-furylphosphinoxide)3] [ClO4]2

The Hg(II) complex [Hg(TFP)₂(OTFP)₃][ClO₄]₂ with TFP=tri-2-furyl-phosphine and OTFP=tri-2-furylphosphinoxide has been prepared and characterised. It crystallises in the hexagonal P6₃/m space group with Z=2, a=13.308(3), c=21.092 (4) Å, V=3235(1) Å³. The structure of the complex cation consists of independent molecules with Hg pentacoordinated in exact trigonal bipyramidal geometry.     

Gallium and indium dithiocarboxylates: Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and structure of [MeGa(S2Ctol)2]

Several gallium and indium dithiocarboxylate complexes of the type [Me_nM(S₂CR)_3−n] (M = Ga, In; n = 0, 1, 2; R = phenyl (Ph), p-tolyl (tol), mesityl (Mes)) have been synthesized. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis and NMR (¹H,¹³C{¹H}) spectroscopy. Structure of [MeGa(S₂Ctol)₂] was established by X-ray crystallography. The gallium atom adopts a distorted five coordinate geometry which is intermediate between trigonal bipyramidal and square pyramidal configurations. The complex [Me₂InS₂Ctol] underwent a two-step thermal decomposition leading to the formation of tetragonal β-In₂S₃.     

Synthesis and structure of a 1,6-hexyldiamine heptaborate, [H3N(CH2)6NH3][B7O10(OH)3]

A new 1,6-hexyldiamine heptaborate, [H₃N(CH₂)₆NH₃][B₇O₁₀(OH)₃] (1), has been solvothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, FTIR, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Compound 1 crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group P2₁/n with a=8.042(2) Å, b=20.004(4) Å, c=10.103(2) Å, and β=90.42(3)°. The anionic [B₇O₁₀(OH)₃]_n²ⁿ⁻ layers are interlinked via hydrogen bonding to form a 3D supramolecular network containing large channels, in which the templated [H₃N(CH₂)₆NH₃]²⁺ cations are located.     

New morpholine- and piperazine-functionalized triphenylantimony(V) catecholates: The spectroscopic and electrochemical studies

Novel functionalized triphenylantimony(V) catecholates - Ph₃Sb[4-O(CH₂CH₂)₂N-3,6-DBCat] (1), Ph₃Sb[4-PhN(CH₂CH₂)₂N-3,6-DBCat] (2), Ph₃Sb[4-Ph₂CHN(CH₂CH₂)₂N-3,6-DBCat] (3), Ph₃Sb[4,5-Piperaz-3,6-DBCat] (4) and binuclear bis-catecholate Ph₃Sb[3,6-DBCat-4-N(CH₂CH₂)₂N-4-3,6-DBCat]SbPh₃ (5) were synthesized by the oxidative addition reaction of corresponding o-quinones with triphenylantimony. The [4-O(CH₂CH₂)₂N-3,6-DBCat]²⁻, [4-PhN(CH₂CH₂)₂N-3,6-DBCat]²⁻, [4-Ph₂CHN(CH₂CH₂)₂N-3,6-DBCat]²⁻ and [4,5-Piperaz-3,6-DBCat]²⁻ are 4-(morpholin-1-yl)-, 4-(4-phenyl-piperazin-1-yl)-, 4-(4-dephenylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl)-, and 4,5-(piperazin-1,4-diyl)-3,6-di-tert-butyl-catecholate dianionic ligands, correspondingly. Complexes 1-5 were characterized in details by IR-, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammometry. Molecular structure of 4·CH₃OH was determined by X-ray crystallography to be a distorted tetragonal-pyramidal. The NMR spectroscopic and electrochemical investigations of complexes in the presence of air reveal the reactions of complexes with dioxygen leading to the formation of spiroendoperoxides of 1,2,4,3-trioxastibolane type in a NMR yield of 25-37%.     

Preparation, spectroscopic properties of 1,4-di (N,N-diisopropylacetamido)-2,3(1H,4H)-quinoxalinedione (L) lanthanide complexes and the supramolecular structure of [Nd2L2(NO3)6(H2O)2]·H2O

The reaction of lanthanide nitrate with 1,4-di (N,N-diisopropylacetamido)-2,3(1H,4H)-quinoxalinedione (L) yields six novel Ln(III) complexes ([Ln₂L₂(NO₃)₆(H₂O)₂]·H₂O) which are characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), conductivity measurements, IR, electronic and ¹H NMR spectroscopies. A new quinoxalinedione-based ligand is used as antenna ligand to sensitize the emission of lanthanide cations. The lowest triplet state energy level of the ligand in the nitrate complex matches better to the resonance level of Eu(III) and Sm(III) than Tb(III) and Dy(III) ion. The f-f fluorescence is induced in the Eu³⁺ and Sm³⁺ complexes by exciting into the π-π* absorptions of the ligand in the UV. Furthermore, the crystal structures of a novel binuclear complex [Nd₂L₂(NO₃)₆(H₂O)₂]·H₂O has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The binuclear [Nd₂L₂(NO₃)₆(H₂O)₂]·H₂O complex units are linked by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions to form a two-dimensional (2-D) layer supramolecule.     

Synthesis and characterization of some novel cadmium(II) complexes with 3-hydroxypicolinic acid (3-OHpicH): Crystal and molecular structures of [CdI(3-OHpic)(3-OHpicH)(H2O)]2, [Cd(3-OHpic)2(H2O)2] and [Cd(3-OHpic)2]n

Cadmium(II) complexes of 3-hydroxypicolinic acid, namely [CdI(3-OHpic)(3-OHpicH)(H₂O)]₂ (1), [Cd(3-OHpic)₂(H₂O)₂] (2) and [Cd(3-OHpic)₂]_n (3) were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic methods (IR, NMR) and their molecular and crystal structures were determined by X-ray crystal structure analysis. Complexes 1 and 2 were prepared in similar reaction conditions using different cadmium(II) salts: cadmium(II) iodide and cadmium(II) acetate dihydrate, respectively, while 3 was prepared by recrystallization of 2 from N,N-dimethylformamide solution. Various coordination modes of 3-OHpicH in 1–3 were established in the solid state: bidentate N,O-chelated mode in 1 and 2, monodentate mode through the carboxylate O atom from zwitterionic ligand in 1 and bidentate N,O-chelated and bridging mode in 3. In the DMF solution of all prepared complexes, only monodentate mode of 3-OHpicH binding to cadmium(II) through the carboxylate O atom was established by ¹H, ¹³C, ¹⁵N and ¹¹³Cd NMR spectroscopy.     

Crystal structure and luminescence property of novel three-dimensional network of {Eu2(p-BDC)3(Phen)2(H2O)2}n

The single crystal of a supramolecule, {Eu₂(p-BDC)₃(Phen)₂(H₂O)₂}_n (p-BDC=1,4-benzenedicarboxylate), with characteristic luminescence of Eu³⁺ was obtained by means of soft chemistry. The crystal structure determination reveals that each Eu³⁺ ion is coordinated by five oxygen atoms of p-BDC anions, one oxygen atom from water molecule, and two nitrogen atoms of Phen, respectively, resulting in an eight-coordinated Eu³⁺ center and a distorted square antiprism coordination polyhedron. Four bridges, two carboxylates of μ₄-p-BDC and two of μ₃-p-BDC, connect two Eu atoms into a binuclear unit. Moreover, the μ₃-p-BDC integrates the binuclear building blocks at the direction of b axis and the μ₄-p-BDC polymerizes the structure roughly along the direction of the sum vector of axis b and c, respectively, forming two-dimensional layers. Hydrogen bonds between layers make the structure a three-dimensional network. The luminescence spectra measured under 77 K demonstrate the antenna effect of Phen and the ⁵D₁→⁵D₀ energy transfer path within Eu³⁺ ion. Both luminescence spectra and crystal structure lead to the conclusion that the local symmetry around the Eu³⁺ ion is C₁ and that more than one Eu³⁺ ion sites having slight environmental difference are present.     

Syntheses, structures and DFT study of [W(CO)5(Ph2SbX)] X = Cl, Br, I

The complexes [W(CO)₅(Ph₂SbX)], X = Cl (1), Br (2) and I (3) were prepared by reaction of [W(CO)₅(tetrahydrofuran)] with Ph₂SbX. The structures of 1-3 were studied by X-ray diffraction. In the crystals there are weak contacts between the oxygen atoms of the CO ligands and antimony atoms of neighbouring molecules. DFT calculations were carried out for 1 using gradient corrected functional B3LYP. The bonding between Ph₂SbCl and the W(CO)₅ fragment in 1 was analysed using charge decomposition analysis.