托卡马克中ICRH天线的优化设计

采用等离子体平板模型和三维天线模型数值模拟了托卡马克中ICRH天线与等离子体的耦合过程, 模拟结果表明在其它实验条件相同的条件下,与反对称电流和馈线端长度短的天线相比,对称电流分布和馈线端长度长的发射天线可获得更有效的功率耦合。     

HL-1M装置的ICRH系统

介绍了HL－1M装置的ICRH系统的主要性能指标。调试获得了频率28－36MHz、脉宽40－60ms、0．8MW的输出功率。测试了RF天线的频率特征。ICRH系统已在HL－1M装置上运动，并获取了初步的实验结果。     

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采用等离子体分层模型,利用WKB近似研究了离子回旋共振加热(ICRH)天线发射谱n||对离子回旋波在托卡马克等离子体的表面功率反射系数、吸收衰减的影响,数值模拟了不同天线发射谱n||条件下快波少数离子加热的效果.模拟结果表明,当其它实验参数一定时,ICRH天线发射合适的n||能提高天线与等离子体的耦合效率,增强少数离子加热的效果.     

洞穴内二维带状天线的耦合计算

在托卡马克中采用离子回旋共振加热时，为了更好地保护天线，常常把天线地洞穴内，由于不产内的边界条件比较复杂，其耦合计算也相对较难。对洞穴二维带状天线进行了计算。给出了该体制天线的耦合阻抗随天线尺寸的变化关系。     

振镜法测量等离子体离子温度

 离子温度是托卡马克等离子体一个重要参数，介绍了一套振镜扫描装置，该装置主要由0.5m单色仪和安装在出射狭缝前的振动的石英镜片组成，时间分辨率小于10ms，系统测量误差小于20eV。测量了HT-6M托卡马克CV(227.1nm)谱线的线形，并由谱线的多普勒展宽得出欧姆加热和离子回旋共振加热（ICRH）下的离子温度，结果表明ICRH期间离子温度由200eV升高到300eV。这套装置广泛应用在中小型托卡马克上。     

振镜法测量等离子体离子温度

离子温度是托卡马克等离子体一个重要参数,介绍了一套振镜扫描装置,该装置主要由0.5m单色仪和安装在出射狭缝前的振动的石英镜片组成,时间分辨率小于10ms,系统测量误差小于20eV。测量了HT-6M托卡马克CV(227.1nm)谱线的线形,并由谱线的多普勒展宽得出欧姆加热和离子回旋共振加热（ICRH）下的离子温度,结果表明ICRH期间离子温度由200eV升高到300eV。这套装置广泛应用在中小型托卡马克上。     

EAST装置离子回旋加热天线电流带热结构分析

介绍了EAST装置新型离子回旋加热(ICRH)天线电流带的设计结构。通过对电流带实际工况的计算得出电流带的工作温度分布,以此来模拟实际工作条件下电流带的热载荷承受能力以及对电流带结构的影响。论证了在实际工况热载荷条件(0.2MW)下,电流带辐射面温度及电流带整体结构强度满足设计要求。     

EAST离子回旋加热天线传输线结构设计

阐述了EAST离子回旋加热天线传输线的结构设计。用有限元的方法对EAST离子回旋加热天线传输线内导体结构进行了分析,获得了内导体的受力情况。根据内导体的受力情况适当加大波纹管厚度和设计内导体支撑,通过ANSYS分析优化确定了波纹管的厚度和内导体布置的位置。此外,还计算了传输线的热损耗、热变形、电压驻波系数和最大功率容量,计算结果进一步验证了传输线结构的可行性。     

Effect of Resonator Parameters on Frequency and Quality Factor of Gyrotron Resonators

The influence of some cavity parameters on the resonance frequency and quality factor is investigated with the aim of comparing various methods of optimization. As an example, the geometry of the designed resonator for an experiment on a multifrequency gyrotron that would operate at 140 GHz in the TE_22,8 mode is considered. This is a weakly–tapered conventional cavity resonator with parabolic–roundings. The influence of the roundings on the quality factor is at least as important as that of the cavity length and the output taper angle.     

The Effect of a Poloidal Phase Difference on the Asymmetry of the Coupling Characteristics of an ICRH Antenna

The coupling asymmetry characteristics of an ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) antenna consisting of two poloidal aligned straps are studied for a JET‐type tokamak. The model used combines a three‐dimensional (3‐D) planar, cold‐plasma, single pass antenna‐plasma coupling code with any phase difference between the current straps, which takes into account the feeders' current and phase difference effects. The result shows that the asymmetry of radiated energy in poloidal direction can be controlled through changing the phase difference of the antenna straps, and when the phase difference equals to π, the asymmetry tends to become most pronounced (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

HL-2A装置SDD软X射线能谱测量结果

Measurements of soft X-ray spectra during Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH) has been achieved on HL-2A tokamak using two independent silicon drift detector (SDD) systems. Electron temperatures are derived from the measured soft X-ray energy spectra. A comparison indicates that the results measured by SDD are consistent with ECE measurements. Experimental results of soft X-ray spectra measure- ment using SDD show that the increment of electron temperature is larger at z=0 than that at z = 16.4cm chord, so, we can conclude that the energy of ECW is deposited dominantly in the core of plasma and electron temperature profile become peaked during on-axis ECRH (B_T=2.4T). The statistic survey of ECRH discharges (2.41T ≤B_T≤2.43T,1.5×10¹⁹m^-3≤n_e≤2.5≤10¹⁹m^-3,300kW≤ECRH power≤600kW) shows that plasma electron temperature rises obviously during on-axis ECRH, especially, in the core of plasma (z=0). It has been observed that the on-axis ECRH can make electron temperature increase up to 30%～80% at z=0 chord and 15%～55% at z=-16.4cm chord.     

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介绍了EAST装置新型离子回旋加热(ICRH)天线电流带的设计结构。通过对电流带实际工况的计算得出电流带的工作温度分布,以此来模拟实际工作条件下电流带的热载荷承受能力以及对电流带结构的影响。论证了在实际工况热载荷条件(0.2MW)下,电流带辐射面温度及电流带整体结构强度满足设计要求。     

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HL-2A装置电子回旋共振加热系统的主要指标是2MW/1s/68GHz,系统由4个单元组成,每个单元包括一只回旋管,微波传输系统,控制保护测量和冷却等子系统。通过对ECRH系统和回旋管的调试,每只管子微波输出功率500kW,脉冲宽度1s,四管并联运行时总输出功率达到1.63MW,系统使用效率高于80%。     

Design and application of a new control system for tokamak ECRH power supply

The biggest challenge of designing and building tokamak electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) pulse step modulation (PSM) power supply is satisfying its required output voltage rising time to be less than 100?µs while suppressing the voltage overshoot to be no more than 1%. To fulfill the two requirements, a new control strategy with startup time in microsecond range is proposed in this paper, and a new control system to realize the control strategy is introduced. The control system was built and tested on 60?kV/50?A ECRH power supply. The experimental results indicate that the control system can restrain the overshoot effectively, increase response speed, and obviously improve the dynamic characteristics of the PSM power supply system. Thus, the proposed control system helps the PSM power supply to meet the design specifications.     

离子通道电子束回旋脉塞的等离子体波效应

研究了离子通道回旋电子束脉塞（ICECM）中的等离子体波非线性效应。利用流体理论与自洽非线性理论方法对ICECM中等离子体波效应的微观机理进行了分析。研究发现,等离子体波加强了电子束的纵向群聚,束-波互作用的能量交换效率及系统增益得到明显提高。数值模拟计算表明,对于中等等离子体密度、1.5kA电流和1MV加速电压的电子束,系统能够获得的脉冲功率和频率分别为200MW和280GHz的毫米波束。