固体超强酸SO2-4/SnO2-Al2O3的红外光谱研究

以四氯化锡、硫酸铝为原料,氨水为沉淀剂,采用共沉淀法制得新型固体超强酸SO2-4/SnO2-Al2O3.采用FT-IR技术考察了金属元素摩尔比、焙烧温度、浸渍液以及掺杂稀土氧化物对该固体超强酸结构和性能的影响.FT-IR结果表明在该固体超强酸中,锡和硫酸根是以螯合和桥式两种方式配位结合,其中起催化活化作用的主要是和硫酸根以螯合双齿结合的锡;和SO2-4/ZrO2型超强酸相比,SO2-4/SnO2-Al2O3超强酸的硫酸根FT-IR特征吸收峰发生蓝移,显示出更强的酸性.锡铝摩尔比为9∶1、焙烧温度为773K、焙烧时间为3h时,制得的SO2-4/SnO2-Al2O3样品对酯化反应的催化性能最好.     

固体超强酸SO_4~(2-)/SnO_2-Al_2O_3的红外光谱研究

以四氯化锡、硫酸铝为原料,氨水为沉淀剂,采用共沉淀法制得新型固体超强酸SO42-/SnO2-A l2O3。采用FT-IR技术考察了金属元素摩尔比、焙烧温度、浸渍液以及掺杂稀土氧化物对该固体超强酸结构和性能的影响。FT-IR结果表明在该固体超强酸中,锡和硫酸根是以螯合和桥式两种方式配位结合,其中起催化活化作用的主要是和硫酸根以螯合双齿结合的锡;和SO42-/ZrO2型超强酸相比,SO42-/SnO2-A l2O3超强酸的硫酸根FT-IR特征吸收峰发生蓝移,显示出更强的酸性。锡铝摩尔比为9∶1、焙烧温度为773K、焙烧时间为3h时,制得的SO42-/SnO2-A l2O3样品对酯化反应的催化性能最好。     

SO3／γ-Al2O3固体酸催化剂的制备、结构与酸性表征

用酸中和法制备了活性γ-Al2O3，并在其表面负载SO3得到固体酸催化剂SO3／γ-Al2O3，用XRD，TG-DTA，FT-IR，NMR，NH3-TPD等对其进行了结构和酸性研究．结果表明：在SO3／γ-Al2O3的制备过程中形成少量的Al2(SO4)3，同时SO3与γ-Al2O3表面上的羟基反应，形成强的Br（oe）nsted酸位，根据^1H／^27Al双共振（TRAPDOR)MAS NMR与FT-IR实验结果提出了Br（oe）nsted酸结构模型．SO3／γ-Al2O3表面存在两种不同强度的酸中心，其酸强度大于分子筛HZSM-5，但弱于传统的固体超强酸SO4^2-／γ-AL2O3．     

固体超强酸SO4^2-／TiO2-SnO2的制备、表征及催化合成D，L-丙交酯

采用沉淀法在不同工艺条件下制备了稀土改性的新型固体超强酸SO4^2-／TiO,-SnO2催化剂,考察了其对D,L-乳酸合成D,L-丙交酯的催化活性,并通过Hammett指示剂法测定了催化剂的酸强度,用Fr—IR和FT-Raman技术考察了焙烧温度、硫酸浸渍液浓度和浸渍时间以及La2O3的负载量对该固体超强酸结构和性能的影响．研究结果表明：SnO2的存在促进了金红石相TiO2的形成,在600℃焙烧3h、3．0mol／LH2SO4溶液浸渍12h、n（Ti^4＋）：n（Sn^4＋）：n（La^3＋）=1：1：0．05条件下制备的SO4^2-／TiO2-一SnO2的酸强度最大,达-13．75以上,催化合成丙交酯的产率最高（78．4％）．并且考察了催化剂用量对D,L-丙交酯粗产率的影响和催化剂重复使用的性能．     

低温陈化超声波共沉淀制备SO4^2-/ZrO2-La2O3催化剂

低温陈化超声波共沉淀法制得SO4^2-/ZrO2-La2O3前驱体,经H2SO4处理,在不同温度下焙烧得到纳米晶催化剂SO4^2-/ZrO2-La2O3;用Hammett指示剂法测定其酸性．用XRD、BET、TEM、IR和XPS对样品进行表征,其催化活性用醋酸和甘油的酯化反应进行了评价．结果表明经超声波搅拌和低温（-15℃）陈化,650℃焙烧4h得到的固体超强酸表现出较高催化活性．     

TiO2／S2O8^2—固体超强酸催化长叶烯异构化反应

采用TiO2/S2O8^2-固体超强酸催化长叶烯异构化反应,考察了催化剂制备方法及处理催化剂所用的（NH4）2S2O8溶液浓度、催化剂的焙烧温度、用量、反应温度及反应时间等对催化性能的影响,得出最佳反应条件。TiO2/S2O8^2-固体超强酸对长叶烯异构化反应具有很高的催化活性和选择性,主产物为异长叶烯,得率高达约96％。     

新型固体酸SO42-/Al2O3-Al 的制备与表征

采用铝阳极氧化法制备了A12O3-Al一体型载体．并通过浸渍硫酸的方法制备了新型固体酸SO4^2-／Al2O3-Al催化剂．采用BET、XRD、XPS和NH3-TPD对其结构和酸性进行了表征．结果表明，该催化剂具有合适的孔结构．Al2O3-Al载体为无定形结构．NH3-TPD结果表明．该催化剂同时具有弱酸及强酸位．用乙酸／乙醇酯化催化反应评估了该固体酸的催化性能．     

S_2O_8~(2-)/ZrO_2-Al_2O_3固体超强酸催化剂的研制与应用

固体超强酸因其特殊的晶相结构和表面特性及高比表面积使其具有许多重要的催化特性 [1] ,某些经特殊处理得到的金属氧化物 (如 Zr O2 、Ti O2 、Fe2 O3 等 )负载 SO2 - 4后可以成为固体超强酸[2 ] .有关 SO2 - 4/ Zr O2 系列固体超强酸的研究和应用报道较多[3 ,4 a,5] .夏勇德等[4 b,6 ] 报道用( NH4 ) 2 S2 O8浸渍无定形 Zr( OH) 4可制备超强酸性和催化活性比 SO2 - 4/ Zr O2 更强的新型固体超强酸 S2 O2 - 8/ Zr O2 .本文在文献方法的基础上 ,研制出新型固体超强酸 S2 O2 - 8/ Zr O2 -Al2 O3 ,以乙酸和正丁醇的酯化反应作探…     

SO2-4/SnO2固体超强酸结构表征

合成了SO2-4/SnO2固体超强酸催化剂.采用FT-IR、TG-DSC和XRD技术研究了SO2-4/SnO2的结构,其测试结果表叨,SO2-4/SnO2的结构与其催化活性存在很好的一致性.     

共沸除氯工艺制备稀土固体超强酸SO42-/SnO2-Nd2O3及其表征

采用共沸除氯工艺制备固体超强酸SO42-/SnO2-Nd2O3,可免除抽滤,大大节省催化剂的制备时间。将其应用于α-蒎烯的异构化反应,考察了催化剂的最佳制备条件,并利用FT-IR、XRD、TG-DTA、BET等技术对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,稀土Nd2O3的引入,延缓了SnO2晶化,提高了SO42-/SnO2的催化活性;催化剂最佳制备条件为:Nd2O3引入量为SnO2的3 mol%,浸渍液浓度1.0 mol/L,焙烧温度500℃,焙烧时间2 h。     

Sc2MgGa2 and Y2MgGa2

Scandium magnesium gallide, Sc₂MgGa₂, and yttrium magnesium gallide, Y₂MgGa₂, were synthesized from the corresponding elements by heating under an argon atmosphere in an induction furnace. These intermetallic compounds crystallize in the tetragonal Mo₂FeB₂‐type structure. All three crystallographically unique atoms occupy special positions and the site symmetries of (Sc/Y, Ga) and Mg are m2m and 4/m, respectively. The coordinations around Sc/Y, Mg and Ga are pentagonal (Sc/Y), tetragonal (Mg) and triangular (Ga) prisms, with four (Mg) or three (Ga) additional capping atoms leading to the coordination numbers [10], [8+4] and [6+3], respectively. The crystal structure of Sc₂MgGa₂ was determined from single‐crystal diffraction intensities and the isostructural Y₂MgGa₂ was identified from powder diffraction data.     

Electrochemical study of (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2 and (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2FeCl2

Summary The ability of [MoS₄]^2–, anions to be used as ligands for transition metal ions has been widely demonstrated, especially with Fe²⁺. The present study has been restricted to linear complexes such as (NEt₄)₂ [Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂] and (NEt₄)₂[Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂FeCl₂]. Their electrochemical properties are described: upon electrochemical reduction, these compounds yield MoS₂, as a black precipitate, and an iron complex in solution, assumed to be [SFeCl₂]^2–. The electrochemical reduction goes through two electron transfers, coupled with the breakdown of the molecular skeleton: a DISPl and an ECE mechanism. Depending on the solvent, the following equilibrium may be observed: [Cl₄Fe₂MoS₄]^2–[Cl₂FeMoS₄]^2–+FeCl₂. The equilibrium constant, K_D, was evaluated by differential pulse polarography. K_D is tightly related to the donor number of the solvent.     

The alkali hypophosphites KH2PO2, RbH2PO2 and CsH2PO2

The structures of the hypophosphites KH₂PO₂ (potassium hypophosphite), RbH₂PO₂ (rubidium hypophosphite) and CsH₂PO₂ (caesium hypophosphite) have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The structures consist of layers of alkali cations and hypophosphite anions, with the latter bridging four cations within the same layer. The Rb and Cs hypophosphites are isomorphous.     

Zur Kenntnis der Dialkalimetalldichalkogenide β-Na2S2, K2S2, α-Rb2S2, β-Rb2S2, K2Se2, Rb2Se2, α-K2Te2, β-K2Te2 und Rb2Te2

On Dialkali Metal Dichalcogenides β-Na₂S₂, K₂S₂, α-Rb₂S₂, β-Rb₂S₂, K₂Se₂, Rb₂Se₂, α-K₂Te₂, β-K₂Te₂ and Rb₂Te₂ The first presentation of pure samples of α- and β-Rb₂S₂, α- and β-K₂Te₂, and Rb₂Te₂ is described. Using single crystals of K₂S₂ and K₂Se₂, received by ammonothermal synthesis, the structure of the Na₂O₂ type and by using single crystals of β-Na₂S₂ and β-K₂Te₂ the Li₂O₂ type structure will be refined. By combined investigations with temperature-dependent Guinier-, neutron diffraction-, thermal analysis, and Raman-spectroscopy the nature of the monotropic phase transition from the Na₂O₂ type to the Li₂O₂ type will be explained by means of the examples α-/β-Na₂S₂ and α-/β-K₂Te₂. A further case of dimorphic condition as well as the monotropic phase transition of α- and β-Rb₂S₂ is presented. The existing areas of the structure fields of the dialkali metal dichalcogenides are limited by the model of the polar covalence.     

Formal [(2+2)+2] and [(2+2)+(2+2)] nonconjugated dienediyne cascade cycloadditions

[reaction: see text] Fluoranthene 2 and heptacycle 3 are easily accessible from the reaction of diyne 1 and norbornadiene (NBD) in the presence of the rhodium catalyst. The unusual [(2+2)+(2+2)] adduct 3 was confirmed by the X-ray crystal structure analysis.     

Crystal Structures of [Bu2Sn(O2PPh2)2], [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2], and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2. Raman Spectra of [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2] and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2

[(n‐Bu)₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 1 ), and [Ph₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 2 ) have been synthesized by the reactions of R₂SnCl₂ (R=n‐Bu, Ph) with HO₂PPh₂ in Methanol. From the reaction of Ph₂SnCl₂ with diphenylphosphinic acid a third product [PhClSn(O₂PPh₂)OMe]₂ ( 3 ) could be isolated. X‐ray diffraction studies show 1 to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a = 1303.7(1) pm, b = 2286.9(2) pm, c = 1063.1(1) pm, β = 94.383(6)°, and Z = 4. 2 crystallizes triclinic in the space group , the cell parameters being a = 1293.2(2) pm, b = 1478.5(4) pm, c = 1507.2(3) pm, α = 98.86(3)°, β = 109.63(2)°, γ = 114.88(2)°, and Z = 2. Both compounds form arrays of eight‐membered rings (SnOPO)₂ linked at the tin atoms to form chains of infinite length. The dimer 3 consists of a like ring, in which the tin atoms are bridged by methoxo groups. It crystallizes triclinic in space group with a = 946.4(1) pm, b = 963.7(1) pm, c = 1174.2(1) pm, α = 82.495(6)°, β = 66.451(6)°, γ = 74.922(6)°, and Z = 1 for the dimer. The Raman spectra of 2 and 3 are given and discussed.     

Die Photoionenspektren von SCl2, S2Cl2 und S2Br2

Photoionization Mass Spectra of SCl₂, S₂Cl₂, and S₂Br₂ Photoionization mass spectra of SCl₂, S₂Cl₂, and S₂Br₂ have been measured. Heats of formation, bond energies, and ionization potentials of fragments have been calculated from appearance potentials.