吡啶-2,6-二羧酸体系荧光法同时测定地质和环境试样中的钐、铕、铽、镝

本文研究了吡啶-2,6-二羧酸体系荧光法同时测定钐、铕、铽、镝的最佳条件及共存离子的影响。其检测限分别为3.0、0.15、0.09和0.5mg/mL。本文采用荧光法与阳离子交换树脂分离法联用,同时测定了地质和环境试样中的杉、铕、铽、镝含量。     

偏振—导数—同步荧光法同时测定痕量芴,苊,蒽,北

本文采取偏振－导数－同步扫描联用技术同时测定痕量的芴、苊、恩和北多环芳烃。实验结果表明，多种荧光分析技术联用可以弥补单独应用其中一种或两种技术的不足，扬长避短，大大改善此类化合物的检测限。该方法同时测定上述四种组份，检测限依次为０．０８９、２．４、０．０４５、０．００９６ｎｇ／ｍＬ，相对标准偏差不大于５％。     

吹扫捕集气相色谱-质谱联用测定地表水中挥发性有机物

采用吹扫捕集和气相色谱-质谱联用对地表水中21种挥发性有机物进行检测.水样的加标回收率在86%～112%之间,最低检测限在0.08～0.29 μg/L之间,10 μg/L的挥发性有机物标准溶液经重复6次测定,其相对标准偏差基本小于5.0%,相关系数大于0.998.方法适合地表水中挥发性有机物的分析测定.     

固相萃取-液相色谱-质谱/质谱法同时测定蜂蜜中的多类药物残留

建立了采用固相萃取-液相色谱-质谱/质谱(SPE-LC-MS/MS)对蜂蜜中磺胺类、硝基咪唑类、喹诺酮类、大环内酯类、林可酰胺类和吡喹酮共计6大类54种药物残留同时测定的方法。蜂蜜经磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH 8)稀释,Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化后,通过液相色谱-质谱联用技术进行检测(正离子方式,多反应监测模式)。采用同位素稀释内标法或外标法进行定量,线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.992。方法的定量限(LOQ,以信噪比(S/N)大于10计)分别为磺胺类和硝基咪唑类药物1.0 μg/kg,喹诺酮类和林可酰胺类药物2.0 μg/kg,大环内酯类药物3.0 μg/kg,吡喹酮0.3 μg/kg。总体回收率为32.6%～114%,相对标准偏差为1.3%～28.9%。该方法的定量限满足目前国内外药物的最大残留限量要求,可作为蜂蜜中相关药物残留量的筛选检测方法。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定茶叶中的25种有机氯农药残留

利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术建立了茶叶中25种有机氯农药残留同时测定的方法。茶叶样品中有机氯农药残留通过正己烷-丙酮(体积比为2∶1)溶液提取,浓缩后过弗罗里硅土柱净化,采用正己烷-乙酸乙酯(体积比为9∶1)溶液淋洗,GC-MS选择离子监测模式(SIM)检测。方法的线性范围为0.010～0.500 mg/L。在茶叶样品中0.01～0.20 mg/kg加标水平下有机氯混标的加标回收率为70.8%～105.5%,相对标准偏差为1.6%～12.7%。除硫丹Ⅰ和硫丹Ⅱ的定量限为0.02 mg/kg以外,其余23种有机氯农药的定量限均为0.01 mg/kg。     

QuEChERS-气相色谱-质谱联用法快速测定人参中农药多残留

建立了QuEChERS-气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）法同时测定人参中20种农药残留量的检测技术。样品前处理采用改进的QuEChERS方法,人参粉加水浸润后,用乙腈均质提取,用N-丙基乙二胺（PSA）和MgSO₄净化,结合GC-MS检测系统,在电子轰击源（EI）选择离子监测（SIM）模式下进行检测,使用HP-5毛细管柱进行分离。在优化条件下,20种农药在一定范围内线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.990,方法检出限（信噪比S/N=3）为0.001~0.007 mg/kg,定量限（S/N=10）为0.002~0.024 mg/kg,平均回收率为70.41%~114.06%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.76%~15.47%。该方法操作简单快捷、灵敏度高。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法测定PC塑料粒子中的2种抗氧剂

基于溶解沉淀-气相色谱-质谱联用技术,建立了一种同时测定PC塑料粒子中十八烷基3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟苯基)丙酸酯(抗氧剂1076)和三[2,4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯(抗氧剂168)含量的方法。通过研究不同沉淀剂对抗氧剂提取率的影响,确定了最优沉淀剂。处理后的上清液采用HP-5 MS分离,选择离子模式检测,外标法定量。在优化实验条件下,抗氧剂1076在2~50 mg/L、抗氧剂168在0.1~50 mg/L质量浓度范围内相关系数(r2)均大于0.99,抗氧剂1076和抗氧剂168的方法检出限(LOD)分别为50 mg/kg和0.75 mg/kg,定量限(LOQ)分别为166.7 mg/kg和2.5 mg/kg,回收率为80.3%~119.8%,相对标准偏差(RSDs,n=6)为5.8%~9.2%。该方法适用于PC塑料粒子中抗氧剂1076和抗氧剂168含量的测定。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定水体中氨基脲、5-甲基吗啉-3-氨基-2-恶唑烷基酮、1-氨基乙内酰脲和3-氨基-2-唑烷基酮

建立了高效液相色谱三重四极杆串联质谱检测水体中痕量氨基脲(SEM)、5-甲基吗啉-3-氨基-2-恶唑烷基酮(AMOZ)、1-氨基乙内酰脲(AHD)和3-氨基-2-唑烷基酮(AOZ)的分析方法。水样在pH 1.5～3条件下衍生8 h,经乙酸乙酯萃取,氮吹浓缩,流动相溶解后,内标法定量。分析条件为:CAPCELLPAK C18色谱柱,以甲醇和2 mmol/L乙酸铵(含0.1%甲酸)溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。结果表明:AMOZ、AHD和AOZ在0.005～1μg/L范围内,SEM在0.01～1μg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.9980。AMOZ、AHD和AOZ的定性检测限和定量检测限为分别为0.0025μg/L和0.005μg/L;SEM的定性检测限和定量检测限为分别为0.005μg/L和0.01μg/L。4种化合物在水体中3个不同浓度添加水平下的平均回收率为84.9%～110.4%,相对标准偏差为1.2%～7.8%。方法可用于分析环境水体中4种化合物的残留。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定人参、黄芪中多种除草剂残留量

建立了人参和黄芪中55种除草剂残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法.样品中残留的药物经乙腈提取,石墨化碳黑固相萃取柱净化,甲醇-二氯甲烷洗脱,最后采用电喷雾串联质谱在正离子多反应监测模式下进行测定.55种农药的检测限和定量限分别为0.4 ～20 μg/kg和2～100 μg/kg.在各自的浓度范围内,55种药剂的线...     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定枸杞中9种红色合成色素

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)联用同时测定枸杞中酸性红1、酸性红9、诱惑红等9种红色合成色素的分析方法。样品经乙腈-甲醇(5∶5,V/V)提取,用Oasis WAX固相萃取柱净化,目标化合物以Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18柱(100×3.0mm,1.8μm)分离,采用乙腈-10mmol/L乙酸铵为流动相梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾负离子源(ESI-)、多重反应监测模式(MRM)检测,基质匹配外标法进行定量。9种红色合成色素在各自线性范围内相关系数(r2)均大于0.992;方法的定量限以信噪比(S/N)≥10计为0.01~3.00mg/kg,3个加标水平(1、2、10倍定量限)下,回收率为82.1%~99.8%,相对标准偏差(RSDs)为4.6%~16.1%。该方法准确度好、灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于枸杞中红色合成色素的测定。     

痕量芴、苊、蒽和(艹北)的同时偏振-同步荧光分析

本文建立了痕量芴、苊、蒽和(艹北)的同时偏振-同步荧光分析法.该法能有效地抑制同步扫描过程中散射光的影响,从而提高测定的灵敏度.芴、苊、蒽和(艹北)的检测限分别为(ng/mL):1.1、10.0、1.8、0.26,相对标准偏差不大于4.2％.     

导数-恒能量同步荧光法同时测定芴、苊、蒽和苝

恒能量同步荧光法［’j是同步荧光洁的一个新分支．该法在激发和发射波长的同时扫描过程中,可保持两者之间的一个恒定的能量差关系．苟、危、惠和完均属多环芳烃（PHAS）,其振动能层间隔在1400～1600cm‘之间．采用固定能量差凸9一1600cm－’,对4种物质的混合体系进行恒能量同步荧光法测定,可简化谱图,达到混合物体系各组分同时测定的目的．导数技术能放大窄带的灵敏度,对恒能量同步荧光光谱的窄带应用很有利［’j．两者联用可使检测限更低,对各组分的分辨更有效”‘,采用一阶导数一恒能量同步荧光法对药、危、意和芬的检出限依次…     

Magnetic field effects-polarization-resonant synchronous fluorescence spectrometry for simultaneous analysis of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in mixtures

The level and undulation of scattered light can be effectively suppressed by magnetic field effects-polarization-resonant synchronous fluorescence spectrometry. The established technique was used for simultaneous determination of a sample mixture containing fluorene, acenaphthene, anthracene, benzo-[a]-pyrene (B-[a]-P) and perylene. The detection limits were 0.23, 7.90, 0.13, 1.10, 0.0083 ng ml⁻¹ for fluorene, acenaphthene, anthracene, B-[a]-P and perylene, respectively. The relative standard deviations were less than 5%.     

Error propagation as a factor in selection of measurement intervals for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by second-derivative spectrofluorimetry

The most suitable wavelength intervals were selected for the determination of 4 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; benzo[g,h,i]perylene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, pyrene, and triphenylene) in very complex mixtures of 11 PAHs: anthracene, benz[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[g,h,i]perylene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, chrysene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, and triphenylene. The multiple linear regression algorithm was applied to measurements made in several wavelength intervals previously selected on the basis of sensitivity and minimum number of interfering compounds. Of the different models obtained, those displaying minimum error propagation in the analytical result were selected. By applying the models proposed in this study, we precisely and accurately determined benzo[g,h,i]perylene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, pyrene, and triphenylene in complex mixtures--a feat that could not be achieved by the use of constant-wavelength spectrofluorimetry in combination with second-derivative techniques.     

Resolution of 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by constant-wavelength synchronous spectrofluorometry.

A method capable of determining 13 PAHs (acenaphthene, anthracene, benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, chrysene, dibenzo[ah]anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene, indene[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, phenanthrene and pyrene) in a mixture of 16 EPA PAHs by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorometry in the constant wavelength mode was developed. It has not been possible to determine the following PAHs in the mixture: acenaphthylene, benzo[ghi]perylene and naphthalene. The approach studied allows the sensitive, rapid and inexpensive identification and quantitation of 13 PAHs in a solution of hexane. The detection limits are <1 microg L(-1) (except for chrysene and phenanthrene).     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in edible oils by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy

The occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in nine edible oils of three categories of oil samples, such as soy bean oil, mustard oil and coconut oil, has been studied to determine the contamination degree of this type of oil samples. Eight major carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, pyrene, crysene, benzo(a)pyrene and benzo(a)anthracene, were identified and quantified in the extract of edible oils collected from Bangladeshi Markets by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. All of the carcinogenic PAHs are not present in the edible oils. A few of the carcinogenic PAHs are present in the oils but it is within the permissible limit. The results for the recoveries of naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, crysene, benzo(a)anthracene and benzo(a)pyrene were in the range of 56–84%. The limit of detection (LOD) of the GC–MS method, established at signals three times that of the noise for naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, crysene, benzo(a)anthracene and benzo(a)pyrene, was 2.0–2.5 ng, respectively.     

咔唑、蒽和苝的同时恒能量同步荧光法分析

建立了咔唑、蒽和苝的同时恒能量同步荧光分析法。对方法的优越性进行了比较说明。实验是在自制带恒能量扫描多功能荧光分光计上进行的。咔唑、蒽和苝的检测限分别为1ng/ml、0.8ng/ml和0.5ng/ml,相对标准偏差不大于4.4％。     

Multivariate calibration applied to synchronous fluorescence spectrometry. Simultaneous determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples

Synchronous fluorescence spectra of mixtures containing ten polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (anthracene, benz[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene, fluoranthene, fluorene, naphthalene, perylene, phenanthrene and pyrene) have been used for the determination of these compounds by Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR), using both PLS-1 and PLS-2. Different procedures have been used for the pretreatment of the data in order to obtain better models, and the size of the calibration matrix has also been studied. The best models have been used for the determination of the above mentioned PAHs in spiked natural water samples at concentration levels between 4 and 20 ng ml⁻¹. Recoveries ranged from 80 to 120% in most cases, although fluorene gave significantly lower results.     

气相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定卷烟滤嘴中15种多环芳烃

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱同时检测卷烟滤嘴中15种多环芳烃的方法。卷烟滤嘴用二氯甲烷振荡萃取后,经0.22μm有机相滤膜过滤,采用DB-5MS色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)进行分离,电子轰击源、正离子模式下以多反应监测模式进行检测,内标法进行定量。15种多环芳烃(苊烯、苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘、苯并[a]蒽、屈、苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[k]荧蒽、苯并[a]芘、二苯并[a,h]蒽、苯并[g,h,i]苝和茚并[1,2,3-c,d]芘)的线性关系良好,相关系数(R~2)为0.991 4~0.999 9。15种多环芳烃在低、中、高3个添加水平下的平均回收率为81.6%~111.2%;除了芴在低添加水平时相对标准偏差为19.2%外,其他相对标准偏差均小于16%。15种多环芳烃的检出限为0.02~0.24 ng/滤嘴,定量限为0.04~0.80 ng/滤嘴。方法前处理简便,具有快速、准确、灵敏度高及重复性好的优点,适用于卷烟滤嘴中多环芳烃的分析。     

Validation of a method for extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from sewage sludge and analysis by GC-MS

In the present study, the solid–liquid extraction with low temperature purification was validated for the determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from sewage sludge by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Recoveries ranged 70–114% for naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene and chrysene, while the compounds benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene and benzo[g,h,i]perylene showed recoveries of between 40 and 70%. The relative standard deviation was less than 13% for all of the compounds. Negative matrix effect was observed on the 10 compounds with less retention time in the chromatographic analysis and positive matrix effect noticed on the others. The limits of quantification were from 2 to 20 μg kg^?1, about 30 times less than the maximum residue limit allowed in sludge by the European Union. The validated method produced quantification of 11 PAHs in one sludge sample at concentrations ranging 20–2000 μg kg^?1.