液相色谱-串联质谱法测定饲料中三聚氰胺残留

应用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定饲料中三聚氰胺残留。试样用V(乙腈)∶V(H2O)=1∶1溶液,提取,高速离心后,供液相色谱-串联质谱仪定性定量分析。流动相为V(乙腈)∶V(H2O)=80∶20混合溶液。采用电喷雾离子源,定性离子对为127.2/85.2和127.2/68.2;定量离子对为127.2/85.2。在添加了0.5~10.0 mg/kg的三聚氰胺标准品时的回收率为92.6%~103.2%;相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.8%~2.0%;检出限为0.2 mg/kg。     

河豚鱼、鳗鱼和烤鳗中角黄素残留的超高效液相色谱法测定和超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法确证

建立了河豚鱼、鳗鱼和烤鳗中角黄素残留的超高效液相色谱测定方法和超高效液相色谱-串联质谱确证方法。样品用抗氧化剂焦性没食子酸保护,乙腈均质提取,正己烷液-液分配净化,超高效液相色谱-紫外检测器测定,外标法定量,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法确证。测定方法采用BEHC18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,i.d.1.7μm),流动相为V(0.1%的甲酸)∶V(乙腈)=3∶97,检测波长470 nm。实验结果表明,角黄素在0.05~2.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),在空白样品中,添加低、中、高3个浓度水平(0.05,0.1,1.0 mg/kg),角黄素的回收率均在82.52%~96.96%之间,相对标准偏差为6.9%~15%。方法的检出限(LOD)为0.02 mg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为0.05 mg/kg。串联质谱确证方法采用电喷雾(ESI)离子源,在正离子模式下以多反应监测(MRM)扫描方式检测,定性离子对565.5/203.2和565.5/133.1,定量离子对565.5/203.2。     

离子交换固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定动物组织中的8类非甾体抗炎药残留

采用离子交换固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定了动物组织中的8类14种非甾体抗炎药(Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAIDs)残留。动物组织样品经乙腈-乙酸乙酯(1∶1,V/V)提取、乙腈饱和正己烷除脂、Oasis MCX阳离子交换固相萃取柱除杂后,用液相色谱-质谱联用仪电喷雾电离,多反应监测模式检测。本方法的检出限为3.0～10.0μg/kg;定量限为10.0～25.0μg/kg;添加浓度在10.0～1000.0μg/kg范围内,牛肉组织中的回收率为62.9%～108.4%,相对标准偏差小于10%;猪肉组织中的回收率为63.4%～117.0%,相对标准偏差小于9%。     

超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱测定蔬菜中喹诺酮类抗生素

建立了蔬菜中4种喹诺酮类抗生素的超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)分析方法。每克蔬菜样品(干重)以15 mL乙腈-HCl(125∶8,V/V)进行振荡-超声提取3次,用HLB固相萃取柱进行净化富集,以6 mL 1%酸化乙腈进行洗脱,用N2进行吹脱,最后用初始流动相进行定容。以0.1%甲酸-乙腈溶液和0.1%甲酸溶液作为流动相,采用梯度洗脱方式进行UPLC-ESI-MS/MS检测。蔬菜中4种喹诺酮类化合物不同浓度加标回收率为61%～90%;相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%(个别除外);检出限为0.021～0.092μg/kg;定量限为0.065～0.312μg/kg。本方法能够满足实际蔬菜样品的分析要求。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鸡皮及脂肪组织中抗球虫类药物残留

建立了检测鸡的皮和脂肪中抗球虫类药物的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。样品采用甲醇、乙腈、乙酸(4∶1∶0.05;V/V)混合溶液提取,提取液经Sep-Pak tC18固相萃取柱富集净化,在电喷雾正离子模式下,以多反应监测模式采集数据,进行定性与定量分析。结果表明,常山酮和氯苯胍的检出限均为7.0μg/kg,定量限为20μg/kg;盐霉素、莫能菌素、甲基盐霉素、马杜霉素和拉沙洛菌素的检出限均为5.0μg/kg,定量限为15.0μg/kg。本方法在15~200μg/kg添加浓度范围内的回收率为75%~110%,日内相对标准偏差≤12.8%,日间相对标准偏差≤13.4%。     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定化妆品中10种性激素残留

采用超高效液相色谱-串联电喷雾四极杆质谱在多反应监测模式下测定了特殊功效类化妆品中10种性激素的残留.样品按照不同剂型分别前处理,目标物以乙腈/水为流动相,经C18色谱柱分离.在超高效液相色谱串联质谱分析过程中以保留时间和离子对(母离子和两个碎片离子)信息比较定性,以母离子和响应值高的碎片离子进行定量.方法检出限为0....     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定大豆与玉米中的苯甲酰脲类农药残留

建立了大豆和玉米中苯甲酰脲类农药的反相高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(LC-ESIMS/MS)检测方法。样品经含0.1%乙酸的乙腈提取、浓缩,阳离子固相萃取柱净化,液相色谱串联质谱测定。9种苯甲酰脲类农药在5.0～200μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r20.995)。在大豆和玉米基质中的检出限均为3.0μg/kg,定量下限均为10.0μg/kg。在10.0、20.0、50.0μg/kg 3个加标水平下,9种苯甲酰脲类农药的回收率为46%～92%,精密度(RSD)小于14%。方法准确、灵敏、简单,适用于大豆和玉米中9种苯甲酰脲类农药残留的同时测定。     

超高效液相-串联质谱法同时测定蜂蜜中15种喹诺酮类药物残留

建立了蜂蜜样品中15种喹诺酮类兽药残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。蜂蜜样品用磷酸盐缓冲溶液溶解提取后,用Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化,超高效液相-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱检测,外标法定量。测定时用Acquity UPLC BEHC18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)分离,体积分数0.1%甲酸溶液-乙腈系统梯度洗脱,质谱测定采用多重反应监测(MRM)模式。15种喹诺酮类兽药的检出限均低于或等于1.0 ng/mL,回收率均在78.6%～112.9%范围内,相对标准偏差均在10%范围内。该方法各项指标均能满足国内外各项法规的要求,可用于蜂蜜样品中喹诺酮类药物残留的定量和定性检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鱼粉中孔雀石绿

建立了鱼粉中孔雀石绿及其代谢物隐色孔雀石绿残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪(UPLC-MS-MS)测定法。样品经乙腈提取,中性Al2O3固相小柱净化,超高效液相色谱C18柱分离,电喷雾正离子多反应模式(MRM)检测,内标法定量。方法的定量限为1.00μg/kg,线性范围为0.25～20.0μg/L。在1.00～20.0μg/kg的加标量下,孔雀石绿平均回收率范围为85.3%～104.4%,隐色孔雀石绿平均回收率范围为85.7%～101.4%,相对标准偏差均小于15%。方法适用于鱼粉样品中孔雀石绿残留的快速检测。     

同位素稀释高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定猪肝中地塞米松和倍他米松残留量

建立了同位素稀释高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定猪肝中地塞米松和倍他米松残留量的分析方法。样品经酶解后用乙腈提取,再经C18固相萃取和碳酸钠溶液液液萃取净化,净化后的样品经氮气吹干后用流动相溶解。采用Hypercarb C18柱,以乙腈-水-甲酸(95∶5∶0.5,V/V)混合溶液为流动相,进行高效液相色谱串联质谱分析,同位素内标法定量分析。地塞米松和倍他米松的检出限为别为0.12和0.14μg/kg,定量限分别为0.42和0.47μg/kg。在添加浓度0.75～2.0μg/kg范围内,平均添加回收率为97.3%～111%,批内和批间相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为1.85%～5.65%和2.78%～7.98%。待测物定量离子对峰面积与内标物峰面积比值与标样浓度在10～500μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归系数大于0.9997。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.