HL-2A极向场线圈系统的优化设计

通过对原ＡＳＤＥＸ极向场线圈系统进行改造,优化设计出ＨＬ－２Ａ极向场线圈系统,模拟计算了磁场位形演化并估算了伏秒消耗。改造后的极向场线圈系统能够形成８００ｋＡ的等离子体电流,并能产生拉长截面的等离子体偏滤器的位形。分析了改造后的极向场线圈系统的电磁特征,计算了单零,双零及Ｄ形限制器三种等离子体平衡位形。     

ECR离子源六极永磁体的设计研究

分别从材料、结构、尺寸等方面全面地研究了Halbach结构六极永磁铁的设计方法.针对个别磁块可能存在的退磁问题给出了相应的解决方案.通过优化结构,使六极磁铁在离子源等离子体弧腔内壁产生的磁场达到最大.用POISSON,PERMAG,TOSCA等多个磁场模拟程序计算模拟了六极磁场的大小与分布,并给出了一些相应的曲线     

1.3 GHz超导腔的电化学青铜法铌三锡镀膜技术

由于射频超导腔具有高品质因数Q₀,大束流孔径等诸多优势,已被加速器行业广泛应用。目前纯铌腔的性能已经接近理论极限,使用Nb₃Sn薄膜腔代替纯铌腔是突破这一限制的有效手段。铌三锡具有较高的超导转变温度和过热磁场,理论预期可以大幅度提高SRF腔体工作温度和加速梯度。目前,Nb₃Sn薄膜制备技术蓬勃发展,其中锡蒸汽扩散法已经比较成熟,已制备出初步满足工程需求的铌基铌三锡薄膜射频超导腔。但是由于反应温度在1100℃以上,锡蒸汽扩散法无法摆脱纯铌基底,因此不可避免地在机械稳定性、导热性等方面有缺陷,难以满足未来高可靠性加速器的应用。青铜法广泛应用于铌三锡线缆的制备,热处理温度不高于700℃,具有制备铜基铌三锡镀膜腔的潜力。此外,电化学镀膜与其他方式相比,具有成本低、反应过程容易控制、常温常压等明显优势。本工作将上述两种工艺结合起来,研究了电化学方式在1.3 GHz铌基超导腔上镀青铜前驱体,之后热处理合成铌三锡薄膜腔。垂测结果表明,4.2 K下的薄膜腔本征Q₀为6×10⁸左右且仍具很大提升...     

CR环二极磁铁的磁场优化

FAIR项目中的CR环二极磁铁对磁场积分场的误差分布要求很高, 通过削斜与加载镜像板的方法是优化磁场的主要方法, 文中介绍了对二极磁铁优化方法和对它的处理方法. 利用削斜的方法来改变二极磁铁积分场的误差分布, 通过复杂的削斜, 已将其高场的误差分布优化到±2×10^－4. 加镜像板的方法主要适合高场, 而对低场的调节不明显. 另外处理方法的选取对结果的影响也很大, 文中对两种方法作了比较. 优化模拟计算软件采用的是专门的磁场计算工具OPERA.     

内置垫补线圈的C型二极磁铁

对HIRFL CSR的原形磁铁进行了试制和研究.尝试了一种新的改善磁场分布的方法:在不增大极头的条件下使用两根内置导线,实践证明是可行的.用OPERA 2D和TOSCA 3D软件分析了垫补电流对中、低场的影响,同时也介绍了这块C型二极磁铁的制作工艺及磁场测量结果. The C-type dipole prototypes in the injection beam line from a Separate Sector Cyclotron (SSC) to Cooling Storage Ring (CSR) are selected as R & D for CSR magnets fabrication, because they have large bending angle and small radius, and are very difficult to stack and fabricate. A method to obtain good field homogeneity has been attempted in the C-type dipole prototype. This method is not the enlarged dipole pole but two imbedded conductors and two small power supplies. This is easy operating....     

全超导托卡马克极向场超导线圈的失超检测

EAST装置做为全超导托卡马克装置,其纵场和极向场线圈全部由超导磁体组成,所以进行安全,准确,有效的超导线圈的失超保护是装置安全运行的首要环节.由于等离子体电流的建立必须由极向场线圈系统提供极快速的磁通变化,随之产生较高的交流损耗使得极向场线圈很容易发生失超.如何对快速交变脉冲磁场下的超导线圈进行有效的失超检测,这在世界上也无先例可循.EAST装置的失超检测系统经过几十轮单饼超导线圈实验及多轮装置正式放电实验后逐步建立和完善起来,并已通过工程验收满足了装置实验运行要求.本文主要介绍了EAST装置失超检测系统的基本结构和检测原理,重点阐述了极向场超导磁体失超检测的设计方法及实验结果。     

冷铁轭超导螺线管磁场的优化设计

文章介绍了冷铁轭超导螺线管磁场的优化设计.运用各种优化方法结合有限元磁场计算软件opera,依次对主线圈、冷铁轭、端部垫补线圈进行优化设计,最终达到设计要求.     

六极子磁场中自旋轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态结构

研究囚禁在环形势中的Rashba自旋轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体在六极子磁场中的基态特性。在这种情况下,磁场破坏了自旋轨道耦合哈密顿量的旋转对称性,但系统仍具有2π/3的离散对称性。数值结果发现:在弱相互作用情况下,六极子磁场和Rashba自旋轨道耦合使环形囚禁的凝聚体呈类六边形的基态密度分布,当磁场强度超过某一临界值时,凝聚体将崩塌;在强相互作用情况下,半量子涡旋出现在凝聚体中,且被六极子磁场钉在方位角Ф=nπ/3的径向位置,涡旋的旋转方向取决于径向磁场的方向。     

EAST极向场超导线圈电源控制网络的可靠性研究

为满足EAST极向场超导线圈电源控制的高可靠性要求,结合电源控制网络的特点,采用双网热备份冗余技术进行可靠性优化,并改进了相应软件。对比分析了优化前后控制网络的可靠性,结果表明软硬件优化提高了系统的可靠性,满足了电源控制的高要求。     

CSR60°二极C型铁磁场特性的研究

兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环主环注入线二极C型磁铁首次采用了磁极头中埋置垫补线圈调整磁场均匀度的设计.在其磁场测量中,使用了点测和积分测量的方法对其各方面特性参数进行了测量,并对积分场的测量结果以及内置垫补线圈对均匀场的垫补效果进行了详细的非线性分析.     

Nb3Sn超导电磁铁

本文报导了关于筒形Nb₃Sn磁体的研究结果。观察到磁通跳跃现象。“冻结”场的分布和历史及激发场的分布紧密相关。“冻结”场可以不是中心对称的,这进一步证明了烧结的Nb₃Sn材料是非均匀介质。我们描述了新的磁体结构,避免了磁通跳跃。除利用铁心来捕获磁通外,在激发和测量磁场的方法上均具有一定的特点。利用圆筒状Nb₃Sn作为压挤磁通的活塞,在1.5°K时,曾获得的最高场强是28.5KG。     

Shear mode spectrum in Nb3Sn

Recent measurements of the shear mode spectrum in Nb₃ Sn are interpreted in terms of the generalized Labbé- Friedel model. These measurements are shown to be consistent with the development of the pronounced Kohn anomaly at low temperatures.     

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介绍了国内首个聚变堆用Nb3Sn超导磁体模型线圈。采用一维数学模型Gandalf对其管内电缆导体(CICC)结构的超导体稳定性进行仿真,得到了CICC稳定性裕度与磁场强度和运行电流之间的关系。这对于磁体的设计和运行都有十分重要的意义。     

Nb3Sn扩散薄膜的研究

本文叙述对Nb₃Sn扩散薄膜的一项包括高场临界电流机制,合金元素作用机制等内容在内的综合性实验研究。 关键词：     

Lattice dynamics of Nb3Sn at 300 K

The phonon dispersion curves have been calculated from a microscopic model for Nb₃Sn at 300 K and are in good agreement with the available inelastic neutron scattering data. The calculated phonon density of states exhibits the essential features of the experimental results obtained by incoherent inelastic neutron scattering.     

Anisotropy effects in the A-15 superconductor Nb3Sn

Experimental B_c2(T) characteristics of two Nb₃Sn samples are analyzed using a full strong coupling theory of B_c2(T) which also includes anisotropy effects. The analysis requires a rather pronounced anisotropy of the electron-phonon interaction and of the Fermi velocity and Pauli paramagnetic limiting in order to reproduce the experimental B_c2(T) data over the whole temperature range. The analysis of the second, dirty sample shows that a pronounced change in the electron density of states at the Fermi energy is required together with reduction of the Fermi velocity anisotropy to reproduce the experimental B_c2(T) data. The analysis does not require any contributions from spin-orbit scattering processes to achieve an excellent match between theory and experiment.     

Explanation for the surface dependence of the tunneling gap in Nb3Sn

An explanation is proposed for the experimental results of Hoffstein and Cohen on tunneling into superconducting Nb₃Sn. In these experiments a strong dependence of the gap on the orientation of the surface was found. This dependence is explained here in terms of the linear chain model; a [100] surface cutting only one family of niobium atom linear chains, while a [111] surface cutting all three families of linear chains.     

Magnetization study of ITER-type internal-Sn Nb3Sn superconducting wire

Through magnetization measurement with a SQUID magnetometer the heat treatment optimization of an international thermonuclear experimental reactor （ITER）-type internal-Sn Nb3Sn superconducting wire has been investigated. The irreversibility temperature T^＊ （H）, which is mainly dependent on A15 phase composition, was obtained by a warming and cooling cycle at a fixed field. The hysteresis width △M（H） which reflects the flux pinning situation of the A15 phase is determined by the sweeping of magnetic field at a constant temperature. The results obtained from differently heat-treated samples show that the combination of T^＊ （H） with AM（H） measurement is very effective for optimizing the heat reaction process. The heat treatment condition of the ITER-type wire is optimized at 675℃/128 h, which results in a composition closer to stoichiometric Nb3Sn and a state with best flux pinning.     

高压下Nb3Sn单晶的超导相转变

研究高压下Nb₃Sn单晶的超导相转变行为对探究力学变形诱导的材料超导性能弱化机理有重要意义。通过分子动力学模拟研究了Nb₃Sn单晶在高压下的原子尺度变形和晶体结构变化,在此基础上,建立了高压下Nb₃Sn单晶的超导相转变模型,模型预测结果与实验观测结果吻合较好。结果表明:静水压作用下,Nb₃Sn单晶体发生了明显的晶格畸变,但晶体结构保持完整;压力诱导的费米面上电子态密度的变化在高压下Nb₃Sn单晶体超导相转变中起主导作用。所得研究结果为研究高压下Nb₃Sn多晶体以及复合多晶体的相转变行为奠定了基础,同时有助于进一步认识Nb₃Sn材料超导性能的弱化机理。     

Electron-phonon interaction due to interchain coupling in Nb3Sn

Using the Weger-Labbé-Friedel model the electron-phonon coupling in Nb₃Sn for scattering between orthogonal families of Nb-chains is calculated. It is shown that interchain coupling may cause the softening of the shear modulus C₄₄ with decreasing temperature. This mechanism gives rise to a softening over the whole Brillouin zone of all those acoustical phonons the long wavelength behaviour of which depends on C₄₄. A Fermi energy of 17 meV is necessary to fit the experimental data.