Hilbert space representations of cross product algebras

Hilbert space representations of cross product *-algebras of the Hopf *-algebras with the coordinate algebras and of quantum vector spaces, and of with the coordinate algebras and of the corresponding quantum spheres, are investigated and classified. Invariant states on the coordinate *-algebras are described by two variants of the quantum trace.     

Phylogenetic toric varieties on graphs

We define phylogenetic projective toric model of a trivalent graph as a generalization of a binary symmetric model of a trivalent phylogenetic tree. Generators of the projective coordinate ring of the models of graphs with one cycle are explicitly described. The phylogenetic models of graphs with the same topological invariants are deformation-equivalent and share the same Hilbert function. We also provide an algorithm to compute the Hilbert function.     

Frechet-valued martingales and stochastic integrals

Stochastic processes with values in a separable Frechet space whose a itinuous linear functional are real-valued square integrable martingales are investigated. The coordinate measures on the Fréchet space are obtained from cylinder set measures on a Hilbert space that is dense in the Fréchet space. Real-valued stochastic integrals are defined from the Fréchet-valued martingales using integrands from the topological dual of the aforementioned Hilbert space. An increasing process with values in the self adjoint operators on the Hilbert space plays a fundamental role in the definition of stochastic integrals. For Banach-valued Brownian motion the change of variables formula of K. Itô is generalized. A converse to the construction of the measures on the Fréchet space from cylinder set measures on a Hilbert space is also obtained.     

Hilbert schemes and maximal Betti numbers over veronese rings

Macaulay??s Theorem (Macaulay in Proc. Lond Math Soc 26:531?C555, 1927) characterizes the Hilbert functions of graded ideals in a polynomial ring over a field. We characterize the Hilbert functions of graded ideals in a Veronese ring R (the coordinate ring of a Veronese embedding of P ^r-1). We also prove that the Hilbert scheme, which parametrizes all graded ideals in R with a fixed Hilbert function, is connected; this is an analogue of Hartshorne??s Theorem (Hartshorne in Math. IHES 29:5?C48, 1966) that Hilbert schemes over a polynomial ring are connected. Furthermore, we prove that each lex ideal in R has the greatest Betti numbers among all graded ideals with the same Hilbert function.     

Dimensions of the coordinate functions of space-filling curves

The graphs of coordinate functions of space-filling curves such as those described by Peano, Hilbert, Pólya and others, are typical examples of self-affine sets, and their Hausdorff dimensions have been the subject of several articles in the mathematical literature. In the first half of this paper, we describe how the study of dimensions of self-affine sets was motivated, at least in part, by these coordinate functions and their natural generalizations, and review the relevant literature. In the second part, we present new results on the coordinate functions of Pólya's one-parameter family of space-filling curves. We give a lower bound for the Hausdorff dimension of their graphs which is fairly close to the box-counting dimension. Our techniques are largely probabilistic. The fact that the exact dimension remains elusive seems to indicate the need for further work in the area of self-affine sets.     

Stationary distributions of second order stochastic evolution equations with memory in Hilbert spaces

In this paper, we consider stationarity of a class of second-order stochastic evolution equations with memory, driven by Wiener processes or Lévy jump processes, in Hilbert spaces. The strategy is to formulate by reduction some first-order systems in connection with the stochastic equations under investigation. We develop asymptotic behavior of dissipative second-order equations and then apply them to time delay systems through Gearhart–Prüss–Greiner’s theorem. The stationary distribution of the system under consideration is the projection on the first coordinate of the corresponding stationary results of a lift-up stochastic system without delay on some product Hilbert space. Last, two examples of stochastic damped wave equations with memory are presented to illustrate our theory.     

A refinement of von Neumann—Heinz theorem and related inequalities

The paper gives a quantitative refinement of von Neumann’s theorem with some relevant inequalities permitting to estimate from below the distance between the origin of the coordinate system and the so-called normalized numerical range of an operator acting in the Hilbert space.     

Local topological equivalence of nonsmooth functions in Hilbert spaces

In this paper we investigate the relation between nonsmooth functions with domain in a Hilbert space and their local approximations. We consider Lipschitz functions and define an approximation model with directional derivatives. The qualitative behaviour of the approximation is studied by means of the concept of topological equivalence. Using this concept we establish the existence of a local coordinate transformation between the original function and the local approximation.     

On the joint application of cartesian and bipolar coordinates to solve boundary value problems of potential theory and elasticity theory

Equations are obtained that connect harmonic functions with separated variables in Cartesian and bipolar coordinates. These equations can be used to investigate a number of new boundary value problems of potential theory and elasticity theory for domains bounded by Cartesian and bipolar coordinate system coordinate lines.     

3-dimensional sundials

R. Hartshorne and A. Hirschowitz proved that a generic collection of lines on ℙ ⁿ , n≥3, has bipolynomial Hilbert function. We extend this result to a specialization of the collection of generic lines, by considering a union of lines and 3-dimensional sundials (i.e., a union of schemes obtained by degenerating pairs of skew lines).     

Frobenius Morphism and Vector Bundles on Cycles of Projective Lines

In this article, we describe the action of the Frobenius morphism on the indecomposable vector bundles on cycles of projective lines. This gives an answer to a question of Paul Monsky, which appeared in his study of the Hilbert–Kunz theory for plane cubic curves.     

Hodge theorem for the natural projection of complex horizontal Laplacian on complex Finsler manifolds

Let M be a compact complex manifold with a complex Finsler metric F. We define a natural projection of complex horizontal Laplacian on M: it is independent of the fiber coordinate. By using Sobolev space theory and spectral resolution theory in Hilbert space, we prove the Hodge theorem for the natural projection of complex horizontal Laplacian on M.     

Solution of certain boundary value problems of potential theory and elasticity theory for a half-space with a paraboloidal cavity

A method for solving boundary value problems for the Laplace equation in a half space with a paraboloidal cavity or a paraboloidal segment is suggested. Using formulas for the re-expansion of the fundamental solutions of the Laplace equation from a cylindrical to a paraboloidal coordinate system and their inverses, the basic and certain mixed problems are reduced to Fredholm integral equations or systems of equations of the second kind with completely continuous operators in a certain Hilbert space. The problem of torsion of an elastic half-space with a paraboloidal cavity by a stamp linked to part of the surface of the paraboloid and the problem of distribution of electricity on a paraboloidal segment located in the half-space are considered.Translated from Dinamicheskie Sistemy, No. 4, pp. 33–40, 1985.     

Strong Solutions of Stochastic Differential Inclusions with Unbounded Right-Hand Side in a Hilbert Space

In a separable Hilbert space, a stochastic differential inclusion with coefficients whose values are closed not necessarily convex sets is considered. Two existence theorems for strong solutions are proved. In the first theorem, the proof is based on the use of Euler polygonal lines; in the second, on the successive approximation method. Instead of the assumption that the coefficients of the inclusion are globally Lipschitz, which is traditional in such cases, some conditions that are less restrictive for the problems in question are used.     

Some areas associated with Pythagorean triples

The set of all Pythagorean triples of positive integers are partitioned in a natural way. For each partition three triples are chosen in various ways, interpreted as points in space, and projected onto the coordinate planes. When a plane triangle is so formed its area is determined. Also, lines through two consecutive triples are obtained along with their intersections with the coordinate planes.     

EPW-sextics: taxonomy

An EPW-sextic is a special 4-dimensional hypersurfaces of degree 6 which comes equipped with a double cover which generically is a Hyperk?hler 4-fold deformation equivalent to the Hilbert square of a K3 surface. The family of EPW-sextics is analogous to the family of cubic 4-folds, more precisely double EPW-sextics are analogous to varieties of lines on cubic 4-folds. In this paper we are mainly concerned with the classification of EPW-sextics which are analogous to cubic 4-folds whose singular locus has strictly positive dimension.     

Rigged Hilbert spaces and contractive families of Hilbert spaces

The existence of a rigged Hilbert space whose extreme spaces are, respectively, the projective and the inductive limit of a directed contractive family of Hilbert spaces is investigated. It is proved that, when it exists, this rigged Hilbert space is the same as the canonical rigged Hilbert space associated to a family of closable operators in the central Hilbert space.