Solvable infinite-dimensional linear groups with restrictions on the nonabelian subgroups of infinite rank

Under study are the solvable nonabelian linear groups of infinite central dimension and sectional p-rank, p ≥ 0, in which all proper nonabelian subgroups of infinite sectional p-rank have finite central dimension. We describe the structure of the groups of this class.     

The p-rank stratification on the Siegel moduli space with Iwahori level structure

Our concern in this paper is to describe the p-rank stratification on the Siegel moduli space with Iwahori level structure over fields of positive characteristic. We calculate the dimension of the strata and describe the closure of a given stratum in terms of p-rank strata. We also examine the relationship between the p-rank stratification and the Kottwitz–Rapoport stratification.     

Modules over group rings of solvable groups with rank restrictions on subgroups

Let A be an R G-module over a commutative ring R, where G is a group of infinite section p-rank (0-rank), C _G (A) = 1, A is not a Noetherian R-module, and the quotient A/C _A (H) is a Noetherian R-module for every proper subgroup H of infinite section p-rank (0-rank). We describe the structure of solvable groups G of this type.     

Affine geometry designs, polarities, and Hamada's conjecture

In a recent paper, two of the authors used polarities in PG(2d−1,p) (p?2 prime, d?2) to construct non-geometric designs having the same parameters and the same p-rank as the geometric design PGd(2d,p) having as blocks the d-subspaces in the projective space PG(2d,p), hence providing the first known infinite family of examples where projective geometry designs are not characterized by their p-rank, as it is the case in all known proven cases of Hamada's conjecture. In this paper, the construction based on polarities is extended to produce designs having the same parameters, intersection numbers, and 2-rank as the geometric design AGd+1(2d+1,2) of the (d+1)-subspaces in the binary affine geometry AG(2d+1,2). These designs generalize one of the four non-geometric self-orthogonal 3-(32,8,7) designs of 2-rank 16 (V.D. Tonchev, 1986 [12]), and provide the only known infinite family of examples where affine geometry designs are not characterized by their rank.     

Torsion-free constructive nilpotent <Emphasis Type="Italic">R</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Subscript>-groups

We consider a torsion-free nilpotent R _p -group, the p-rank of whose quotient by the commutant is equal to 1 and either the rank of the center by the commutant is infinite or the rank of the group by the commutant is finite. We prove that the group is constructivizable if and only if it is isomorphic to the central extension of some divisible torsion-free constructive abelian group by some torsion-free constructive abelian R _p -group with a computably enumerable basis and a computable system of commutators. We obtain similar criteria for groups of that type as well as divisible groups to be positively defined. We also obtain sufficient conditions for the constructivizability of positively defined groups.     

On Modular Standard Modules of Association Schemes

We will determine the structure of the modular standard modules of association schemes of class two. In the process, we will give the theoretical interpretation for the p-rank theory for strongly regular graphs, and understand the p-rank as the dimension of a submodule of the modular standard module. Considering the modular standard module, we can obtain the detailed classification more than the p-rank and the parameters.     

On one class of modules that are close to Noetherian

We consider an R G-module A over a commutative Noetherian ring R. Let G be a group having infinite section p-rank (or infinite 0-rank) such that C _G (A) = 1, A/C _A (G) is not a Noetherian R-module, but the quotient A/C _A (H) is a Noetherian R-module for every proper subgroup H of infinite section p-rank (or infinite 0-rank, respectively). In this paper, it is proved that if G is a locally soluble group, then G is soluble. Some properties of soluble groups of this type are also obtained.     

On modules over integer-valued group rings of locally soluble groups with rank restrictions imposed on subgroups

We study a \mathbbZG \mathbb{Z}G -module A such that \mathbbZ \mathbb{Z} is the ring of integer numbers, the group G has an infinite sectional p-rank (or an infinite 0-rank), C _G (A) = 1, A is not a minimax \mathbbZ \mathbb{Z} -module, and, for any proper subgroup H of infinite sectional p-rank (or infinite 0-rank, respectively), the quotient module A/C _A (H) is a minimax \mathbbZ \mathbb{Z} -module. It is shown that if the group G is locally soluble, then it is soluble. Some properties of soluble groups of this kind are discussed.     

Primitives and central detection numbers in group cohomology

Fix a prime p. Given a finite group G, let H^∗(G) denote its mod p cohomology. In the early 1990s, Henn, Lannes, and Schwartz introduced two invariants d₀(G) and d₁(G) of H^∗(G) viewed as a module over the mod p Steenrod algebra. They showed that, in a precise sense, H^∗(G) is respectively detected and determined by Hd(CG(V)) for d?d₀(G) and d?d₁(G), with V running through the elementary abelian p-subgroups of G.The main goal of this paper is to study how to calculate these invariants. We find that a critical role is played by the image of the restriction of H^∗(G) to H^∗(C), where C is the maximal central elementary abelian p-subgroup of G. A measure of this is the top degree e(G) of the finite dimensional Hopf algebra H^∗(C)_⊗H^∗(G)Fp, a number that tends to be quite easy to calculate.Our results are complete when G has a p-Sylow subgroup P in which every element of order p is central. Using the Benson-Carlson duality, we show that in this case, d₀(G)=d₀(P)=e(P), and a similar exact formula holds for d₁. As a bonus, we learn that He(G)(P) contains nontrivial essential cohomology, reproving and sharpening a theorem of Adem and Karagueuzian.In general, we are able to show that d₀(G)?max{e(CG(V))|V<G} if certain cases of Benson's Regularity Conjecture hold. In particular, this inequality holds for all groups such that the difference between the p-rank of G and the depth of H^∗(G) is at most 2. When we look at examples with p=2, we learn that d₀(G)?14 for all groups with 2-Sylow subgroup of order up to 64, with equality realized when G=SU(3,4).En route we study two objects of independent interest. If C is any central elementary abelian p-subgroup of G, then H^∗(G) is an H^∗(C)-comodule, and we prove that the subalgebra of H^∗(C)-primitives is always Noetherian of Krull dimension equal to the p-rank of G minus the p-rank of C. If the depth of H^∗(G) equals the rank of Z(G), we show that the depth essential cohomology of G is nonzero (reproving and extending a theorem of Green), and Cohen-Macauley in a certain sense, and prove related structural results.     

Irreducibility and p-adic monodromies on the Siegel moduli spaces

We generalize the surjectivity result of the p-adic monodromy for the ordinary locus of a Siegel moduli space by Faltings and Chai (independently by Ekedahl) to that for any p-rank stratum. We discuss irreducibility and connectedness of some p-rank strata of the moduli spaces with parahoric level structure. Finer results are obtained on the Siegel 3-fold with Iwahori level structure.     

Exponent and p-rank of finite p-groups and applications

We bound the order of a finite p-group in terms of its exponent and p-rank. Here the p-rank is the maximal rank of an abelian subgroup. These results are applied to defect groups of p-blocks of finite groups with given Loewy length. Doing so, we improve results in a recent paper by Koshitani, Külshammer, and Sambale. In particular, we determine possible defect groups for blocks with Loewy length 4.     

On some ranks of infinite groups

Abstract A group G has finite Hirsch-Zaicev rank r_hz(G) = r if G has an ascending series whose factors are either infinite cyclic or periodic and if the number of infinite cyclic factors is exactly r. The authors discuss groups with finite Hirsch-Zaicev rank and the connection between this and groups having finite section p-rank for some prime p, or p=0. Groups all of whose abelian subgroups are of bounded rank are also discussed. Keywords: p-rank, locally generalized radical group, Hirsch-Zaicev rank, torsion-free rank, rank Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 20F19, 20E25, 20E15     

Riemannian geometry of finite rank positive operators

A riemannian metric is introduced in the infinite dimensional manifold Σn of positive operators with rank n<∞ on a Hilbert space H. The geometry of this manifold is studied and related to the geometry of the submanifolds Σp of positive operators with range equal to the range of a projection p (rank of p=n), and Pp of selfadjoint projections in the connected component of p. It is shown that these spaces are complete in the geodesic distance.     

A CM construction for curves of genus 2 with p-rank 1

We construct Weil numbers corresponding to genus-2 curves with p-rank 1 over the finite field Fp² of p² elements. The corresponding curves can be constructed using explicit CM constructions. In one of our algorithms, the group of Fp²-valued points of the Jacobian has prime order, while another allows for a prescribed embedding degree with respect to a subgroup of prescribed order. The curves are defined over Fp² out of necessity: we show that curves of p-rank 1 over Fp for large p cannot be efficiently constructed using explicit CM constructions.     

Bundle stabilisation and positive Ricci curvature

If E is the total space of a vector bundle over a compact Ricci non-negative manifold, it is known that E×Rp admits a complete metric of positive Ricci curvature for all sufficiently large p. In this paper we establish a small, explicit lower bound for the dimension p.     

n-representation infinite algebras

From the viewpoint of higher dimensional Auslander–Reiten theory, we introduce a new class of finite dimensional algebras of global dimension n, which we call n-representation infinite. They are a certain analog of representation infinite hereditary algebras, and we study three important classes of modules: n-preprojective, n-preinjective and n  -regular modules. We observe that their homological behaviour is quite interesting. For instance they provide first examples of algebras having infinite Ext¹${\mathrm{Ext}}^1$-orthogonal families of modules. Moreover we give general constructions of n-representation infinite algebras.     

Hadamard 2-(63,31,15) designs invariant under the dihedral group of order 10

All Hadamard 2-(63,31,15) designs invariant under the dihedral group of order 10 are constructed and classified up to isomorphism together with related Hadamard matrices of order 64. Affine 2-(64,16,5) designs can be obtained from Hadamard 2-(63,31,15) designs having line spreads by Rahilly’s construction [A. Rahilly, On the line structure of designs, Discrete Math. 92 (1991) 291-303]. The parameter set 2-(64,16,5) is one of two known sets when there exists several nonisomorphic designs with the same parameters and p-rank as the design obtained from the points and subspaces of a given dimension in affine geometry AG(n,p^m) (p a prime). It is established that an affine 2-(64,16,5) design of 2-rank 16 that is associated with a Hadamard 2-(63,31,15) design invariant under the dihedral group of order 10 is either isomorphic to the classical design of the points and hyperplanes in AG(3,4), or is one of the two exceptional designs found by Harada, Lam and Tonchev [M. Harada, C. Lam, V.D. Tonchev, Symmetric (4, 4)-nets and generalized Hadamard matrices over groups of order 4, Designs Codes Cryptogr. 34 (2005) 71-87].     

A remark on the capitulation problem

We determine explicitly an infinite family of imaginary cyclic number fields k, such that the 2-class group of k is elementary with arbitrary large 2-rank and capitulates in an unramified quadratic extension K. The infinitely many number fields k and K have the same Hilbert 2-class field and an infinite Hilbert 2-class field tower.     

Gluing representations via idempotent modules and constructing endotrivial modules

Let G be a finite group and k be a field of characteristic p. We show how to glue Rickard idempotent modules for a pair of open subsets of the cohomology variety along an automorphism for their intersection. The result is an endotrivial module. An interesting aspect of the construction is that we end up constructing finite dimensional endotrivial modules using infinite dimensional Rickard idempotent modules. We prove that this construction produces a subgroup of finite index in the group of endotrivial modules. More generally, we also show how to glue any pair of kG-modules.     

The p-rank strata of the moduli space of hyperelliptic curves

We prove results about the intersection of the p-rank strata and the boundary of the moduli space of hyperelliptic curves in characteristic p?3. This yields a strong technique that allows us to analyze the stratum of hyperelliptic curves of genus g and p-rank f. Using this, we prove that the endomorphism ring of the Jacobian of a generic hyperelliptic curve of genus g and p-rank f is isomorphic to Z if g?4. Furthermore, we prove that the Z/?-monodromy of every irreducible component of is the symplectic group Sp2g(Z/?) if g?3, and ?≠p is an odd prime (with mild hypotheses on ? when f=0). These results yield numerous applications about the generic behavior of hyperelliptic curves of given genus and p-rank over finite fields, including applications about Newton polygons, absolutely simple Jacobians, class groups and zeta functions.