Volumetric Properties of the Ternary System 1,4-Dioxane + Butyl Acrylate + Ethyl Acrylate and Its Binary Butyl Acrylate + Ethyl Acrylate at 298.15 K

Densities of the ternary system 1,4-dioxane + butyl acrylate + ethyl acrylate and its binary butyl acrylate + ethyl acrylate have been measured in the whole composition range, at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure, using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 oscillating U-tube densimeter. The calculated excess molar volumes of the binary system are positive and were correlated with the Redlich–Kister equation and with a series of Legendre polynomials. Several models were used to correlate the ternary behavior from the excess molar volume data of their constituent binaries and were found equally good to fit the data. The best fit was based on a direct approach, without information on the component binary systems.     

Thermophysical Properties of the Ternary System 2-Methoxyethanol + Acetonitrile + 1,2-Dichloroethane, and the Binary Systems at 25°C

Excess molar volumes, change of refractive indexes, and deviation of dynamic viscosity of the 2-methoxyethanol + acetonitrile, 2-methoxyethanol + 1,2-dichloroethane, and acetonitrile + 1,2-dichloroethane binary systems and the excess molar volumes of 2-methoxyethanol + acetonitrile + 1,2-dichloroethane ternary system have been determined at 25°C and at atmospheric pressure, by measuring densities, refractive indexes, and viscosities over the entire range of composition. These derived data of binary and ternary mixtures were fitted to Redlich–Kister and Cibulka equations, respectively. An estimation of excess volumes is also evaluated using a modified Heller equation, which depends on the refractive indexes of the mixture. A comparison of the predictions by different methods with the experimental values of the physical properties has been made.     

Densities and Viscosities of the Ternary Mixture (Benzene + 1-Propanol + Ethyl Acetate) at 298.15 K

Abstract

Densities and viscosities of the ternary mixture (benzene + 1-propanol + ethyl acetate) and the corresponding binary mixtures (benzene + 1-propanol, benzene + ethyl acetate and 1-propanol + ethyl acetate) have been measured at the temperature 298.15 K. From these measurements excess volumes, V^E , excess viscosities, η^E, and excess Gibbs energies of activation for viscous flow, G*^E , have been determined. The equation of Redlich-Kister has been used for fitting the excess properties of binary mixtures. The excess properties of the ternary system were fitted to Cibulka's equation.     

Density and Volumes of Mixing of the Ternary System Ethylbenzene + Styrene + Ethyl Acrylate and its Binaries at 298.15 K

Densities of the ternary system, ethylbenzene + styrene + ethyl acrylate, and its three binaries have been measured in the whole composition range at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 oscillating U-tube densimeter. The calculated excess molar volumes are positive for the binary system, ethylbenzene + ethyl acrylate, and negative for the systems ethylbenzene + styrene and styrene + ethyl acrylate. The corresponding data were correlated with the Redlich-Kister equation and with a series of Legendre polynomials. Several models were used to correlate the ternary behavior from the excess molar volume data of their constituent binaries and were found to fit the data equally well. The best fit was based on a direct approach, without information on the component binary systems.     

Ternary mixture MTBE+1-pentanol+nonane at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure

Densities at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure have been measured, using a DMA 4500 Anton Paar densimeter, for the ternary mixture methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)+1-pentanol+nonane and for the involved binary mixture 1-pentanol+nonane. In addition, excess molar volumes were determined from the densities of the pure liquids and mixtures. Suitable fitting equations have been used in order to correlate adequately the excess molar volumes. Experimental data were also used to test several empirical expressions for estimating ternary properties from experimental binary results.     

Measurements and analysis of excess molar volumes for the ternary mixture MTBE + 1-pentanol + decane

Summary Densities at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure have been measured, using a DMA 4500 Anton Paar densimeter, for the ternary mixture methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)+1-pentanol+decane and for the involved binary mixtures MTBE+1-pentanol and 1-pentanol+decane. The excess molar volumes for the binary mixture MTBE+decane was reported in an earlier work [1]. In addition, excess molar volumes were determined from the densities of the pure liquids and mixtures. Suitable fitting equations have been used in order to correlate adequately the excess molar volumes. The empirical expressions of Kohler [18], Jacob and Fitzner [19], Colinet [20], Knobeloch and Schwartz [21], Tsao and Smith [22], Toop [23], Scatchard et al. [24], Hillert [25], Mathieson and Thynne [26] were applied to estimate ternary properties from binary results.     

Isothermal vapor–liquid equilibria and excess molar volumes for the ternary mixtures containing 2-methyl pyrazine

Isothermal vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data at 353.15 K and excess molar volumes (V^E) at 298.15 K are reported for the binary systems of ethyl acetate (EA)+cyclohexane and EA+n-hexane and also for the ternary systems of EA+cyclohexane+2-methyl pyrazine (2MP) and EA+n-hexane+2MP. The experimental binary VLE data were correlated with common g^E model equations. The correlated Wilson parameters of the constituent binary systems were used to calculate the phase behavior of the ternary mixtures. The calculated ternary VLE data using Wilson parameters were compared with experimental ternary data. The experimental excess molar volumes were correlated with the Redlich–Kister equation for the binary mixtures, and Cibulka’s equation for the ternary mixtures.     

Excess molar volume measurements of ternary mixtures [2-propanol+ethyl acetate+n-hexane] and their binary constituents at 298.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K

The excess molar volume of the ternary mixture [2-propanol?+?ethyl acetate?+?n-hexane], and its binary constituents; [2-propanol?+?ethyl acetate], [2-propanol?+?n-hexane] and [ethyl acetate?+?n-hexane] were evaluated by the mixtures density measurements over the whole concentration range at three temperatures 298.15, 308.15 and 313.15?K. The excess molar volumes data were fitted to the Redlich–Kister (RK) type equation and the parameters of this equation have been calculated and presented for the studied mixtures.     

Volumetric and acoustic properties of the ternary system (1-butanol+1,4-dioxane+cyclohexane)

Densities and speeds of sound for the ternary system 1-butanol+1,4-dioxane+cyclohexane have been measured at the temperatures of 298.15 and 313.15 K. Excess molar volumes and excess isentropic compressibilities have been calculated from experimental data and fitted by the Redlich-Kister equation for ternary mixtures. The ERAS model has been used to calculate excess molar volumes of the ternary mixture from parameters obtained from the constituent binary mixtures.     

Excess Molar Volumes of (Methyl Ethanoate + 1-Chlorooctane + an n-Alkane) Ternary Mixtures and Their Constituent Binaries at 25°C

Excess molar volumes, at the temperature 25°C and atmospheric pressure over the whole composition range, are reported for the following binary mixtures: methyl ethanoate + (n-octane, n-decane); methyl ethanoate + 1-chlorooctane; 1-chlorooctane + (n-heptane, n-octane, n-nonane, n-decane); and for the ternary mixtures methyl ethanoate + 1-chlorooctane + (n-heptane, n-octane, n-nonane, n-decane). The values of excess molar volumes were calculated from density and composition results. The excess volumes were utilized to test the multiproperty group-contribution model of Nitta et al. using parameter sets available in the literature. Experimental results from ternary mixtures have also been compared to predictions from several empirical and semiempirical models, which utilize, exclusively, results from binary mixtures.     

Experimental and predicted excess molar volumes of the ternary system.

Summary Experimental excess molar volumes for the ternary system x₁MTBE+x₂1-propanol+(1-x₁-x₂) heptane and the three involved binary mixtures have been determined at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. Excess molar volumes were determined from the densities of the pure liquids and mixtures, using a DMA 4500 Anton Paar densimeter. The ternary mixture shows maximum values around the binary mixture MTBE+heptane and minimum values for the mixture MTBE+propanol. The ternary contribution to the excess molar volume is negative, with the exception of a range located around the rich compositions of 1-propanol. Several empirical equations predicting ternary mixture properties from experimental binary mixtures have been applied.     

Experimental excess molar volumes of the ternary mixture and comparisonwith several empirical methods

Experimental excess molar volumes for the ternary system {x₁MTBE+x₂1-propanol+(1–x₁–x₂)nonane} and the three involved binary mixtures have been determined at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. Excess molar volumes were determined from the densities of the pure liquids and mixtures, using a DMA 4500 Anton Paar densimeter. The ternary mixture shows maximum values around the binary mixture MTBE+nonane and minimum values for the mixture MTBE+propanol. The ternary contribution to the excess molar volume is negative, with the exception of a range located around the rich compositions of 1-propanol. Several empirical equations predicting ternary mixture properties from experimental binary mixtures have been applied.     

Volumetric Properties of Ternary–Pseudobinary Mixtures [(Styrene + Ethyl Acetate or Benzene) + (<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone + Ethyl Acetate or Benzene)]

The densities of the ternary-pseudobinary mixtures [(styrene + ethyl acetate or benzene) + (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone + ethyl acetate or benzene)], formed by adding the third component (ethyl acetate or benzene) to the binary system (styrene + ethyl acetate), have been measured as a function of composition by means of a vibrating-tube densimeter at atmospheric pressure at 298.15 K. The excess molar volumes V _m ^E were calculated from the densities and correlated using the Redlich–Kister equation to estimate the coefficients and standard errors. The experimental and calculated quantities are used to discuss the mixing behavior of the components. The results show that the third component, ethyl acetate or benzene, have quite different influences on the interaction between styrene and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.     

Volumetric Properties of the Ternary System Dimethyl Carbonate + Butyl Methacrylate + Allyl Methacrylate and Its Binary Butyl Methacrylate + Allyl Methacrylate at 293.15 K and p=101.325 kPa

Densities of the ternary system dimethyl carbonate + butyl methacrylate + allyl methacrylate and its binary subsystem butyl methacrylate + allyl methacrylate have been measured in the whole composition range, at 293.15 K and atmospheric pressure, using an Anton Paar DMA 5000 oscillating U-tube densimeter. The calculated excess molar volumes of the binary system are positive and were correlated with the Redlich?CKister equation and with a series of Legendre polynomials. Several models were used to correlate ternary behavior from the excess molar volume data of their constituent binaries and found to fit the data equally well. The best fit was based on a direct approach, without information on the component binary systems.     

Densities and excess molar volumes of the binary system N-methyldiethanolamine + (2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine and its ternary aqueous mixtures from 283.15 to 363.15 K

Experimental density data of the binary mixtures of N-methyldiethanolamine + (2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine and the ternary mixtures of N-methyldiethanolamine + (2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine + water were reported at atmospheric pressure over the entire composition range at temperatures from 283.15 to 363.15 K. Density measurements were performed using an Anton Paar digital vibrating U-tube densimeter. Excess molar volumes were calculated from the experimental data and correlated as the Redlich-Kister equation for the binary mixtures, and as the Nagata-Tamura equation for the ternary mixtures. Several empirical models were applied to predict the excess molar volumes of ternary mixtures from the corresponding binary mixture values. It indicates that the best agreement with the experimental data was achieved by the Redlich-Kister, Kohler, and Jacob-Fitzner models.     

Volumetric Properties for Binary and Ternary Mixtures Containing Benzyl Alcohol,Ethyl Butyrate and Diethyl Malonate at <Emphasis Type="Italic">T</Emphasis> = (293.15–313.15) K and <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis> = 0.087 MPa

The densities of binary and ternary mixtures of benzyl alcohol + ethyl butyrate and/or diethyl malonate were measured at T = (293.15–313.15) K and p = 0.087 MPa. From these data, the excess molar volumes, partial molar volumes, excess partial molar volumes, partial molar volumes at infinite dilution, thermal expansion coefficients and their excess values were calculated. The Redlich–Kister equations were fitted to the excess molar volumes data. The results show that the excess molar volumes for all considered binary and ternary systems are negative and decrease with increasing temperature. The same behavior was observed for the excess thermal expansion coefficients. Data for excess volumes in ternary system were fitted with the Nagata–Tamura and Cibulka models for which the Cibulka equation showed better fitting. The intermolecular interactions between molecules in these mixtures are discussed and explained based on these experimental data.     

Structural and thermal characterization of Fe(III) and Fe(II) complexes with tridentate ONO pyridoxal semicarbazone

In the scope of design and optimise the equipment for alcoholic distillate beverages production, a sufficient knowledge of physical properties and phase equilibria is necessary. In this paper we present the temperature dependence of excess molar volumes of the ternary system ethanol+water+1-propanol at the range 288.15–323.15 K and atmospheric pressure, due to the importance of the 1-propanol among the flavour compounds contained into this type of beverages. Derived properties were computed due to its importance in the study of specific molecular interactions.     

Volumetric properties and viscosities of the methyl butanoate + n-heptane + cyclo-octane ternary system at 283.15 and 313.15 K and its binary constituents in the temperature range from 283.15 to 313.15 K

The density and kinematic viscosity of the systems methyl butanoate+cyclo-octane and n-heptane+cyclo-octane were determined at four temperatures in the range 283.15–313.15 K over the whole concentration range. The densities and viscosities of the ternary system methyl butanoate+n-heptane+cyclo-octane were determined at 283.15 and 313.15 K. For the binary systems, the dependence of V^E on composition and temperature was obtained in order to calculate other mixture properties, such as the isobaric thermal expansion coefficients, the temperature coefficients of the molar excess volume and the pressure coefficients of the molar excess enthalpy. In the case of the system n-heptane+cyclo-octane the values of these properties and have been compared with those predicted using the group-contribution model by Nitta et al. in combination with a parameters set available in the literature. Experimental binary and ternary viscosities were correlated for comparison, by means of several empirical and semi-empirical models. Kinematic viscosities were also used to test the predictive capability of the group-contribution model UNIFAC-VISCO. In addition, several empirical equations for predicting ternary properties from only binary results have also been applied.     

Thermodynamic Properties of Alkanediols+Acetates at 298.15 K

In this work we present experimental values of the density, refractive index, speed of sound, isentropic compressibility and liquid-liquid equilibria of the binary mixtures (methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, and butyl acetate) with (1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, or 1,3-propanediol) at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure, as a function of mole fraction. From the experimental values, the corresponding excess and deviation values were computed (excess molar volumes, changes of refractive index on mixing, and changes of isentropic compressibility), variable-degree polynomials being fitted to the results. The validity of different estimation methods for predicting the experimental values of physical properties was tested. The limiting partial excess molar volume of the components in each binary mixture was determined by means of predetermined Redlich-Kister parameters. Group contribution method (UNIFAC-Dortmund) was applied in order to compare their capability in predicting the experimental equilibria values. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Thermodynamics of the ternary mixture propan-1-ol + tetrahydrofuran + n-heptane at 298.15 K. Experimental results and ERAS model calculations of G, H and V

Excess molar enthalpies H^E and excess molar volumes V^E have been measured at 298.15 K and 0.1 MPa for the ternary mixture tetrahydrofuran (THF) + propan-1-ol (PrOH) + n-heptane including the three binary mixtures using flow calorimetry and a vibrating tube densitometer, respectively.

Molar excess Gibbs energies G^E have been measured at 298.15 K using a static VLE apparatus equipped with a chromatographic sampling technique for the vapor phase as well as for the liquid phase. Experimental results have been compared with predictions of the ERAS model.