金属纳米材料表面配体聚集效应

金属纳米材料表面配体不仅可以稳定金属纳米颗粒,辅助合成特定尺寸和形貌的纳米材料,还可用于调控金属纳米颗粒的表面化学性质。由于现有表征技术的局限性,金属纳米材料表面有机配体的结构和功能一直以来并未被深入研究。得益于分子结构明确金属纳米团簇和其他模型纳米材料体系的发展,配体在金属纳米材料表面的精确配位结构及其对催化过程的促进作用正不断被揭示出来。金属表面有机分子配位不仅可以调控表面金属电子结构,还可以分割表面原子周期性结构。表面有机配体的聚集可以进一步在金属表面构筑3D空间结构,改变纳米材料亲疏水性,并影响催化底物和反应中间体与表面的相互作用强弱和吸附构型。此外,有机配体与表面金属所组成的界面还可以构筑新的活性位点,改变催化反应路径,从而提升催化反应活性和选择性。金属纳米材料表面有机配体的聚集效应使得异相纳米材料可以同时表现出均相催化和酶催化的优势。     

DNA纳米机器

本文介绍了以DNA为基础的纳米机器的发展现状,强调了核酸作为一种材料在纳米科技领域的重要作用.着重阐述了利用链交换反应或环境因素变化可以驱动DNA二级结构的变化,从而可以构建出形式多样的纳米级核酸分子机器;评价了各类分子机器在效率、寿命和副产物方面的优缺点.在总结前人工作的基础上预测了核酸纳米技术在生命科学、材料科学以及计算科学等诸多方面可能的应用.     

细胞研究中的金属配合物-核酸相互作用

金属配合物与核酸相互作用的探讨对新型抗癌金属药物的设计、核酸结构的特异识别和核酸水解断裂的研究一直起着巨大的推动作用。不仅如此,配合物与核酸的相互作用已被引入细胞生物学研究中。本文利用一些典型的研究结果,对配合物与核酸相互作用应用于胞内DNA定位成像,对胞内信号转导和表观遗传的影响,以及金属配合物作为非病毒基因载体进行了总结。     

核酸二级结构的渐进式教学设计

介绍了核酸二级结构的渐进式教学设计。以核酸二级结构形成的相互作用力为讲授核心,启发学生思考,在氢键和π-π堆积这2个重要因素影响下,核酸碱基之间还有哪些可能的相互作用模式,从而引申出核酸结构的多态性,进一步引出核酸其他重要的二级结构。通过这一过程,充分激发学生的发散思维能力。这一教学设计将有效扩展学生对核酸二级结构的认识,激发学习兴趣。     

金纳米粒子与单链DNA的相互作用

研究了金纳米粒子与单链DNA在不同pH值时的相互作用以及金纳米粒子与不同碱基序列单链DNA的相互作用. 结果表明, 在pH为12.6的强碱性条件下, 单链DNA能使金纳米粒子稳定分散在溶液中; 在pH为1.4的强酸性条件下, 单链DNA能保护金纳米粒子不发生融合, 而只发生团聚, 且团聚现象具有可逆性. 不同寡核苷酸对金纳米粒子的亲和力按poly dA>poly dC>poly dT的顺序依次减弱. 单链DNA对纳米金的保护作用强度与单链DNA的长度成正比.     

DNA与其靶向分子相互作用研究进展

DNA与其靶向分子相互作用的研究不仅对阐述一些抗肿瘤、抗病毒药物及致癌物的作用机理,而且对进一步指导人工核酸酶的合成及DNA高级结构研究等方面的工作都具有重要意义.本文着重评述了近年来不同结构类型的DNA靶向分子与DNA相互作用研究方面的进展.     

水介质钯卟啉室温磷光探针与小牛胸腺DNA作用的光谱特性

研究水溶性卟啉及其金属配合物与生物大分子 ,特别是核酸的相互作用方式对获得 DNA的碱基序列和识别 DNA的结构进而设计新型药物尤其是抗癌药物具有重要意义 [1] .近年来 ,采用电子吸收光谱、荧光光谱法和电化学技术研究卟啉与 DNA的相互作用多有报道 [2～ 4 ] ,磷光探针 [5]已成为探索有机介质中微环境性质或生物大分子如核酸和蛋白质的构型变化以及它们与药物作用机理的有力工具 .由于磷光具有更高的选择性 ,且与体系氧浓度密切相关 ,而生物分子在接近红外的长波长区几乎没有室温磷光发射 ,因此 ,寻找或合成一种在这一波段具有室温磷…     

Pt单原子催化剂的构建和应用

不同于纳米和亚纳米催化,单原子催化在负载极低金属含量的同时能极大地提高金属原子的利用率,具有更优越的催化性能。单原子催化剂（SACs）是一种特殊的负载型金属催化剂,指载体上的所有金属组分都以单原子分散的形式存在。当催化剂的尺寸是单原子级别时,其原子利用率达到了百分百,此时其能级结构、电子结构会发生根本性变化,表面自由能急剧增大,催化活性随之增加;但孤立的金属单原子容易聚集导致催化活性下降,因此能锚定单原子的载体尤为重要。载体既可以起到固定单原子的作用,又可以协同单原子提高反应催化活性,是催化领域的研究前沿。本文基于Pt单原子催化剂具有贵金属用量少、活性高、稳定性好、金属-载体相互作用强等优点,介绍了Pt单原子的几种载体,包括氧化物材料,有机金属框架（MOF）材料,碳基材料以及其他材料。对Pt单原子的表征方法以及Pt单原子催化剂在电催化析氢反应（HER）,氧还原反应（ORR）,CO氧化及其他方面的应用进行了概述,对Pt单原子材料的发展趋势进行了展望。     

视角:单原子尺度的负载型金属催化剂

综述了负载型单原子催化剂设计的最新进展,以及负载型单原子催化剂在多种反应,如低温水汽变换、甲醇蒸汽重整、选择性乙醇脱氢、炔烃和二烯烃的选择性加氢等反应中的应用.研究活性金属原子位的固有活性和选择性,并与相应的金属纳米颗粒和次纳米簇的性质相比较是非常重要的.同时,理解在不同反应环境下稳定的活性金属原子位的组成,并最大化其负载量可使我们设计出适合工业应用的强健催化剂.在实际工作中,应将催化剂活性和稳定性研究相结合,尽可能遵循活性位随催化剂实时处理条件的变化规律.原子尺度的先进表征方法至关重要,可用于指导设计新催化剂.     

萘二酰亚胺型荧光探针的荧光淬灭及与DNA相互作用的研究

荧光探针由于其灵敏度高,特别是对微环境结构的敏感而被广泛应用于核酸结构与性能的研究.现已探明核酸与外源和内源荧光探针可以发生多种物理与化学相互作用,核酸与核酸前体参与的电子转移与空穴转移作用也成为新的研究热点,这种化学作用最终可导致核酸主链和碱基侧链的断裂,因而受到广泛的重视[1,23].     

Ag(111)表面Ag配位结构的分等级组装

表面辅助的金属有机纳米结构因其结构稳定性和潜在应用受到广泛关注。在金属有机纳米结构中,金属原子来源于外部沉积的金属或金属表面原子。外部沉积的金属原子种类多样,取决于目标纳米结构。然而,金属表面原子受限于表面科学常用的金、银和铜单晶金属表面。金属有机纳米结构大多包括Au配位或是Cu配位结构,而只有少量的用表面Ag原子构成。分子金属相互作用的进一步研究有助于预期纳米结构的精确控制形成。至于构建基元,有机分子通过M―C、M―N和M―O键与表面金属原子配位。末端炔反应或者乌尔曼耦合能够实现C―M―C节点的形成。Cu和Au原子能够与含有末端氰基或吡啶基官能团的分子配位形成N―M―N键。另外,表面Ag增原子能够通过Ag―N配位键与酞菁分子配位。然而,M―O配位键的相关研究较少。因此,我们计划使用末端羟基分子与Ag增原子配位形成金属有机配位纳米结构去研究O―Ag节点。我们通过扫描隧道显微镜利用4, 4’-二羟基-1, 1’: 3’, 1’’-三联苯分子(4, 4’-dihydroxy-1, 1’: 3’, 1’’-terphenyl,H3PH)和Ag增原子成功构筑了一系列二维有序纳米结构。在室温下,蒸镀的H3PH分子自组装形成由环氢键连接的密堆积结构。当退火温度提升到330 K,一种新的纳米结构出现了,该结构由O―Ag配位键和氢键共同作用形成。进一步地提升退火温度至420 K,蜂巢结构和共存的二重配位链出现,这两种结构中仅由O―Ag―O键构成。为分析金属分子反应路径和O―Ag―O键的能量势垒,我们对该体系进行密度泛函理论计算。计算结果显示,O―Ag键形成的能量势垒是1.41 eV,小于O―Ag―O节点1.85 eV的能量势垒。这也解释了分等级金属-有机纳米结构形成的原因。我们的实验结果提供了一种利用有机小分子和金属增原子来设计和构筑分等级二维纳米结构的有效方法。     

Charge transfer and formation of reduced Ce3+ upon adsorption of metal atoms at the ceria (110) surface

The modification of cerium dioxide with nanoscale metal clusters is intensely researched for catalysis applications, with gold, silver, and copper having been particularly well studied. The interaction of the metal cluster with ceria is driven principally by a localised interaction between a small number of metal atoms (as small as one) and the surface and understanding the fundamentals of the interaction of metal atoms with ceria surfaces is therefore of great interest. Much attention has been focused on the interaction of metals with the (111) surface of ceria, since this is the most stable surface and can be grown as films, which are probed experimentally. However, nanostructures exposing other surfaces such as (110) show high activity for reactions including CO oxidation and require further study; these nanostructures could be modified by deposition of metal atoms or small clusters, but there is no information to date on the atomic level details of metal-ceria interactions involving the (110) surface. This paper presents the results of density functional theory (DFT) corrected for on-site Coulomb interactions (DFT+U) calculations of the adsorption of a number of different metal atoms at an extended ceria (110) surface; the metals are Au, Ag, Cu, Al, Ga, In, La, Ce, V, Cr, and Fe. Upon adsorption all metals are oxidised, transferring electron(s) to the surface, resulting in localised surface distortions. The precise details depend on the identity of the metal atom. Au, Ag, Cu each transfer one electron to the surface, reducing one Ce ion to Ce(3+), while of the trivalent metals, Al and La are fully oxidised, but Ga and In are only partially oxidised. Ce and the transition metals are also partially oxidised, with the number of reduced Ce ions possible in this surface no more than three per adsorbed metal atom. The predicted oxidation states of the adsorbed metal atoms should be testable in experiments on ceria nanostructures modified with metal atoms.     

Controllable Scission and Seamless Stitching of Metal–Organic Clusters by STM Manipulation

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) manipulation techniques have proven to be a powerful method for advanced nanofabrication of artificial molecular architectures on surfaces. With increasing complexity of the studied systems, STM manipulations are then extended to more complicated structural motifs. Previously, the dissociation and construction of various motifs have been achieved, but only in a single direction. In this report, the controllable scission and seamless stitching of metal–organic clusters have been successfully achieved through STM manipulations. The system presented here includes two sorts of hierarchical interactions where coordination bonds hold the metal–organic elementary motifs while hydrogen bonds among elementary motifs are directly involved in bond breakage and re‐formation. The key to making this reversible switching successful is the hydrogen bonding, which is comparatively facile to be broken for controllable scission, and, on the other hand, the directional characteristic of hydrogen bonding makes precise stitching feasible.     

Research Progress of Regulation of Driving Forces in Short Peptide Supramolecular Self-Assembly北大核心CSCD

Some short peptides can spontaneously self-assemble into various nanostructures via the synergistic driving forces of non-covalent interactions. These non-covalent interactions,including electrostatic interaction,hydrogen bonding,aromatic interactions and other non-covalent interactions,are usually highly coupled together. Through rational sequence design and proper modification of short peptide molecules,the driving forces could be regulated purposively,and the nanostructures and morphologies of the self-assemblies could be controlled accordingly,and thus so as to achieve the fabrication of peptide-based supramolecular biomaterials and develop their functions. In this paper,the effects of hydrogen bonding,π-π stacking, electrostatic interaction,hydrophobic interaction,metal ion coordination and chiral center on the self-assembly behavior of peptide self-assembly have been reviewed. The driving force regulation strategies, including sequence design,pH and concentration adjustment and metal ion coordination,and the resulted nanostructures have also been discussed. We also make the outlooks on the development of peptide-based supramolecular biomaterials with specific functions in biomedicines and biocatalysis. © 2022, Science Press (China). All rights reserved.     

“Anti-electrostatic” Halogen Bonding between Ions of Like Charge

Halogen bonding occurs between molecules featuring Lewis acidic halogen substituents and Lewis bases. It is often rationalized as a predominantly electrostatic interaction and thus interactions between ions of like charge (e. g., of anionic halogen bond donors with halides) seem counter-intuitive. Herein, we provide an overview on such complexes. First, theoretical studies are described and their findings are compared. Next, experimental evidences are presented in the form of crystal structure database analyses, recent examples of strong “anti-electrostatic” halogen bonding in crystals, and the observation of such interactions also in solution. We then compare these complexes to select examples of “counter-intuitive” adducts formed by other interactions, like hydrogen bonding. Finally, we comment on key differences between charge-transfer and electrostatic polarization.     

Formation of Nanostructures in Multi Component Systems Based on Organic Polymer and Coordination Metal Compound

Structuring of polyurethane (PU) networks is analyzed under influence of transition metal coordination compounds: mono-ionic β-diketonates and polyheteronuclear metal-organic complexes. Formed in situ nanostructures both organic and inorganic were found in organic polymer modified with coordination metal compound. Influence of coordination junction point spatial symmetry and content of metal ion in modifier on structure and dielectric characteristics of modified PUs is analyzed using X-ray, EPR, SEM and transmission optical microscopy, DRS and DSC methods.     

Engineering Flexible Metal-Phenolic Networks with Guest Responsiveness via Intermolecular Interactions

Flexible metal-organic materials are of growing interest owing to their ability to undergo reversible structural transformations under external stimuli. Here, we report flexible metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) featuring stimuli-responsive behavior to diverse solute guests. The competitive coordination of metal ions to phenolic ligands of multiple coordination sites and solute guests (e.g., glucose) primarily determines the responsive behavior of the MPNs, as revealed experimentally and computationally. Glucose molecules can be embedded into the dynamic MPNs upon mixing, leading to the reconfiguration of the metal-organic networks and thus changes in their physicochemical properties for targeting applications. This study expands the library of stimuli-responsive flexible metal-organic materials and the understanding of intermolecular interactions between metal-organic materials and solute guests, which is essential for the rational design of responsive materials for various applications.     

On-Surface Assembly of Au-Dicyanoanthracene Coordination Structures on Au(111)

On-surface metal-organic coordination provides a promising way for synthesizing different two-dimensional lattice structures that have been predicted to possess exotic electronic properties. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS), we studied the supramolecular self-assembly of 9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCA) molecules on the Au(111) surface. Close-packed islands of DCA molecules and Au-DCA metal-organic coordination structures coexist on the Au(111) surface. Ordered DCA₃Au₂ metal-organic networks have a structure combining a honeycomb lattice of Au atoms with a kagome lattice of DCA molecules. Low-temperature STS experiments demonstrate the presence of a delocalized electronic state containing contributions from both the gold atom states and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the DCA molecules. These findings are important for the future search of topological phases in metal-organic networks combining honeycomb and kagome lattices with strong spin-orbit coupling in heavy metal atoms.     

Structural Transformation and Stabilization of Metal–Organic Motifs Induced by Halogen Doping

The structural transformation of supramolecular nanostructures with constitutional diversity and adaptability by dynamic coordination chemistry would be of fundamental importance for potential applications in molecular switching devices. The role of halogen doping in the formation of elementary metal–organic motifs on surfaces has not been reported. Now, the 9‐ethylguanine molecule (G) and Ni atom, as a model system, are used for the structural transformation and stabilization of metal–organic motifs induced by iodine doping on Au(111). The iodine atoms are homogeneously located at particular hydrogen‐rich locations enclosed by G molecules by electrostatic interactions, which would be the key for such an unexpected stabilizing effect. The generality and robustness of this approach are demonstrated in different metal–organic systems (G/Fe) and also by chlorine and bromine.     

Host-guest supramolecular chemistry at solid-liquid interface: An important strategy for preparing two-dimensional functional nanostructures

Supramolecular self-assembly,an important strategy in nanotechnology,has been widely studied in the past two decades.In this review,we have introduced the recent progress on construction of two-dimensional(2D)nanostructures by host-guest supramolecular chemistry at solid-liquid interface,and the interactions between the host assembly and the guest molecules are the major concerns.At first,the hydrogen bonds connected hybrid structures are discussed.And then we have paid a close attention on the surface-confined condensation reactions that has flourished recently in direct preparing novel nanostructures with increasing structural complexity.In the end,the cavity confinement of the 2D supramolecular host-guest architectures has been studied.On the basis of the above-mentioned interactions,a group of functional hybrid structures have been prepared.Notably,scanning tunneling microscopy(STM),a unique technique to probe the surface morphology and information at the single molecule level,has been used to probe the formed structures on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG)surface.