Generic pairs of SU-rank 1 structures

For a supersimple SU-rank 1 theory T we introduce the notion of a generic elementary pair of models of T (generic T-pair). We show that the theory T^* of all generic T-pairs is complete and supersimple. In the strongly minimal case, T^* coincides with the theory of infinite dimensional pairs, which was used in (S. Buechler, Pseudoprojective strongly minimal sets are locally projective, J. Symbolic Logic 56(4) (1991) 1184–1194) to study the geometric properties of T. In our SU-rank 1 setting, we use T^* for the same purpose. In particular, we obtain a characterization of linearity for SU-rank 1 structures by giving several equivalent conditions on T^*, find a “weak” version of local modularity which is equivalent to linearity, show that linearity coincides with 1-basedness, and use the generic pairs to “recover” projective geometries over division rings from non-trivial linear SU-rank 1 structures.     

椭圆曲线有理点扭子群的明显分类

本文给出了有理数域Q上椭圆曲线E按其偶数阶循环扭子群Etors(Q)的分 类,并给出了Etors(Q)的生成元.这些结果,连同新近Ono在Etors(Q)非循环情形 的结果,完全解决了E含2阶有理点时的分类和参数化问题.     

Metric Lie algebras and quadratic extensions

The present paper contains a systematic study of the structure of metric Lie algebras, i.e., finite-dimensional real Lie algebras equipped with a nondegenerate invariant symmetric bilinear form. We show that any metric Lie algebra g without simple ideals has the structure of a so called balanced quadratic extension of an auxiliary Lie algebra l by an orthogonal l-module a in a canonical way. Identifying equivalence classes of quadratic extensions of l by a with a certain cohomology set H²_Q(l,a), we obtain a classification scheme for general metric Lie algebras and a complete classification of metric Lie algebras of index 3.     

On the field of definition for modularity of CM elliptic curves

The purpose of this paper is to decide the conditions under which a CM elliptic curve is modular over its field of definition.     

The quadratic Graver cone, quadratic integer minimization, and extensions

It has been shown in a number of recent papers that Graver bases methods enable to solve linear and nonlinear integer programming problems in variable dimension in polynomial time, resulting in a variety of applications in operations research and statistics. In this article we continue this line of investigation and show that Graver bases also enable to minimize quadratic and higher degree polynomial functions which lie in suitable cones. These cones always include all separable convex polynomials and typically more.     

Trims and extensions of quadratic APN functions

Designs, Codes and Cryptography - In this work, we study functions that can be obtained by restricting a vectorial Boolean function $$F :\mathbb {F}_{2}^n \rightarrow \mathbb {F}_{2}^n$$ to an...     

Cyclic torsion of elliptic curves

Let be an elliptic curve over a number field such that
and let denote the number of roots of unity in . Ross proposed a question: Is isogenous over to an elliptic curve such that is cyclic of order dividing ? A counter-example of this question is given. We show that is isogenous to such that . In case has complex multiplication and , we obtain certain criteria whether or not is isogenous to such that .

     

Rings of algebraic numbers in infinite extensions of $${\mathbb {Q}}$$ and elliptic curves retaining their rank

We show that elliptic curves whose Mordell–Weil groups are finitely generated over some infinite extensions of , can be used to show the Diophantine undecidability of the rings of integers and bigger rings contained in some infinite extensions of rational numbers.      

Construction of high-rank elliptic curves with a nontrivial torsion point

We construct a family of infinitely many elliptic curves over with a nontrivial rational 2-torsion point and with rank 6, which is parametrized by the rational points of an elliptic curve of rank 1.

     

Normal integral bases in quadratic and cyclic cubic extensions of quadratic fields

Let K be a number field and let G be a finite abelian group. We call K a Hilbert-Speiser field of type G if, and only if, every tamely ramified normal extension L/K with Galois group isomorphic to G has a normal integral basis. Now let C₂ and C₃ denote the cyclic groups of order 2 and 3, respectively. Firstly, we show that among all imaginary quadratic fields, there are exactly three Hilbert-Speiser fields of type $C_{2}: \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt {m})$, where $m \in \{-1, -3, -7\}$. Secondly, we give some necessary and sufficient conditions for a real quadratic field $K = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt {m})$ to be a Hilbert-Speiser field of type C₂. These conditions are in terms of the congruence class of m modulo 4 or 8, the fundamental unit of K, and the class number of K. Finally, we show that among all quadratic number fields, there are exactly eight Hilbert-Speiser fields of type $C_{3}: \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt {m})$, where $m \in \{-11,-3, -2, 2, 5, 17, 41, 89\}$.Received: 2 April 2002     

Generic extensions and generic polynomials for semidirect products

This paper presents a generalization of a theorem of Saltman on the existence of generic extensions with group AG over an infinite field K, where A is abelian, using less restrictive requirements on A and G. The method is constructive, thereby allowing the explicit construction of generic polynomials for those groups, and it gives new bounds on the generic dimension.Generic polynomials for several small groups are constructed.     

Transfer of quadratic forms and of quaternion algebras over quadratic field extensions

Two different proofs are given showing that a quaternion algebra Q defined over a quadratic étale extension K of a given field has a corestriction that is not a division algebra if and only if Q contains a quadratic algebra that is linearly disjoint from K. This is known in the case of a quadratic field extension in characteristic different from two. In the case where K is split, the statement recovers a well-known result on biquaternion algebras due to Albert and Draxl.     

Double coverings for quadratic extensions and function fields

A double covering of a Galois extension K/k in the sense of P. Das (2000) [4] is an extension of degree ?2 such that is Galois. In this paper we determine explicitly all double coverings of any quadratic extensions, the Carlitz cyclotomic extensions of the rational function field over a finite field, and their maximal real subfields. In the case of quadratic extensions, we get the result by Hilbert Theorem 90 and in the function field cases, we get the results by using the method in G.W. Anderson (2002) [1] with a modification and using the results in S. Bae et al. (2003) [2] and S. Bae and L. Yin (2004) [3]. We also construct explicitly a large kind of (q−1)-th coverings of cyclotomic function fields.     

On p-adic norms and quadratic extensions, II

We investigate the graph theoretical aspects and combinatorics of the action of a unitary group in n variables over a local non-archimedian field on the Bruhat-Tits building of an orthogonal group in 2n?+?1 variables.     

Weakly isotropic quadratic forms under field extensions

For a field F of characteristic not 2, let ${\widehat{F}}$ denote the maximal dimension of anisotropic, weakly isotropic, non-degenerate quadratic forms over F. In this paper, we investigate the behavior of this invariant under field extensions.     

Spreads of right quadratic skew field extensions

LetL/K be a right quadratic (skew) field extension and let be a 3-dimensional projective space overK which is embedded in a 3-dimensional projective space overL. Moreover, let be a line of which carries no point of. The main result is that — even whenL orK is a skew field — the following holds true: A Desarguesian spread of is given by the set of all lines of which are indicated by the points of . A spread of arises in this way if, and only if, there exists an isomorphism ofL onto the kernel of the spread such thatK is elementwise invariant. Furthermore, a geometric characterization of right quadratic extensions with a left degree other than 2 and of quadratic Galois extensions is given.Dedicated to O. Giering on the occasion of this 60th birthdayThe term field is to mean a not necessarily commutative field.     

Modules for quadratic extensions of Dedekind rings

Let σ be a Dedekind ring, let σ be a maximal order in a quadratic extension K of the field k of quotients of the ring σ, let Λ be a subring of the ring σ, containing σ and such that ΛK=K. It is proved that σ/Λ is a cyclic Λ-module. From here there follows, in particular, that each finitely generated torsion-free Λ-module is a direct sum of modules which are isomorphic to the ideals of ring Λ. Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 160, pp. 262, 1987.     

Rational torsion on optimal curves and rank-one quadratic twists

When an elliptic curve E^′/Q of square-free conductor N has a rational point of odd prime order l?N, Dummigan (2005) in [Du] explicitly constructed a rational point of order l on the optimal curve E, isogenous over Q to E^′, under some conditions. In this paper, we show that his construction also works unconditionally. And applying it to Heegner points of elliptic curves, we find a family of elliptic curves E^′/Q such that a positive proportion of quadratic twists of E^′ has (analytic) rank 1. This family includes the infinite family of elliptic curves of the same property in Byeon, Jeon, and Kim (2009) [B-J-K].     

On complex and noncommutative tori

The ``noncommutative geometry' of complex algebraic curves is studied. As a first step, we clarify a morphism between elliptic curves, or complex tori, and -algebras , or noncommutative tori. The main result says that under the morphism, isomorphic elliptic curves map to the Morita equivalent noncommutative tori. Our approach is based on the rigidity of the length spectra of Riemann surfaces.