光学超材料的制备方法与参数提取

在光学超材料研究过程中,其微观结构的控制制备技术至关重要。综述了国内外在光学超材料制备方法方面的大致发展历程。重点介绍了二维光学超材料的制备技术,并分析对比了各种经典制备方法的优缺点。在二维光学超材料制备方法基础上,进一步叙述了三维光学超材料的传统制备和新的研究制备方法。简要介绍了均匀介质光学超材料的介电常数、磁导率、折射率和阻抗等有效电磁参数的提取过程。     

Optical Möbius symmetry in metamaterials

We experimentally observed a new topological symmetry in optical composites, namely, metamaterials. While it is not found yet in nature materials, the electromagnetic M?bius symmetry discovered in metamaterials is equivalent to the structural symmetry of a M?bius strip, with the number of twists controlled by the sign change of the electromagnetic coupling between the meta-atoms. We further demonstrate that metamaterials with different coupling signs exhibit resonance frequencies that depend only on the number but not the locations of the "twists," thus confirming its topological nature. The new topological symmetry found in metamaterials may enable unique functionalities in optical materials.     

Two-dimensional plasmonic metamaterials

The fabrication of three-dimensional photonic metamaterials faces numerous technological challenges. Many new concepts and ideas in the optics of metamaterials may be more easily tested in two spatial dimensions using the planar optics of surface plasmon polaritons. In this paper we review recent progress in this direction. Two-dimensional photonic crystals exhibiting either positive or negative refraction, and strongly anisotropic metamaterials, etc, are demonstrated and used in novel microscopy and waveguiding schemes. PACS 73.20.Mf; 42.70.-a     

超常介质中部分相干光束传输的调制不稳定性研究

超常介质与常规光学介质的一个最重要的区别是前者具有色散磁导率,其折射率呈现出可正可负,这样调制不稳定性出现新特点。借助于Wigner变换,从一般的非线性薛定谔方程出发,得到了部分相干光满足Wigner-Moyal的方程,获得了色散关系和增益谱,揭示了部分相干度不仅可抑制调制不稳定性,而且还可以缩小发生不稳定性的频率范围。     

异向介质研究进展

介绍了异向介质的研究进展,其中包括基本理论的深化研究,介质新电磁特性的研究,一些新型结构的设计、仿真、实验、制作方法及其各自的优缺点,以及在波导、天线、微波器件等各个领域的应用.     

Theory of pump-probe experiments of metallic metamaterials coupled to a gain medium

We establish a new approach for pump-probe simulations of metallic metamaterials coupled to the gain materials. It is of vital importance to understand the mechanism of the coupling of metamaterials with the gain medium. Using a four-level gain system, we have studied light amplification of arrays of metallic split-ring resonators with a gain layer underneath. We find that the differential transmittance ΔT/T can be negative for split-ring resonators on the top of the gain substrate, which is not expected, and ΔT/T is positive for the gain substrate alone. These simulations agree with pump-probe experiments and can help to design new experiments to compensate for the losses of metamaterials.     

Controlling light with plasmonic multilayers

Recent years have seen a new wave of interest in layered media – namely, plasmonic multilayers – in several emerging applications ranging from transparent metals to hyperbolic metamaterials. In this paper, we review the optical properties of such subwavelength metal–dielectric multilayered metamaterials and describe their use for light manipulation at the nanoscale. While demonstrating the recently emphasized hallmark effect of hyperbolic dispersion, we put special emphasis to the comparison between multilayered hyperbolic metamaterials and more broadly defined plasmonic-multilayer metamaterials A number of fundamental electromagnetic effects unique to the latter are identified and demonstrated. Examples include the evolution of isofrequency contour shape from elliptical to hyperbolic, all-angle negative refraction, and nonlocality-induced optical birefringence. Analysis of the underlying physical causes, which are spatial dispersion and optical nonlocality, is also reviewed. These recent results are extremely promising for a number of applications ranging from nanolithography to optical cloaking.     

可调谐一维特异材料(Metamaterial)的微波传输性质

利用变容二极管制作了可调谐一维左右手组合材料.并对其进行了传输系数测量.实验发现当电压升高时，左手通带将向高频方向移动，而禁带的终止频率保持不变.基于微波传输线理论，给出了这种左右手组合材料的色散方程，实验曲线与理论曲线能够很好地符合. 关键词： 调谐 特异材料 传输系数 变容二极管     

View on the history of electromagnetics of metamaterials: Evolution of the congress series of complex media

This article describes some of the paths through which electromagnetics research of complex media and metamaterials has reached the present active state. In particular, events of a period in 1990s will be illuminated during which new scientific contacts between Former Soviet Union and the West were established. The series of chiral and bianisotropic meetings between 1993 and 2006 appear as a precursor to today's series of metamaterials congresses.     

超构材料中的光学量子自旋霍尔效应

电子的量子自旋霍尔效应的发现推进了当今凝聚态物理学的发展,它是一种电子自旋依赖的具有量子行为的输运效应.近年来,大量的理论和实验研究表明,描述电磁波场运动规律的麦克斯韦方程组内禀了光的量子自旋霍尔效应,存在于界面的倏逝波表现出强烈的自旋与动量关联性.得益于新兴的光学材料:超构材料(metamaterials)的发展,不仅能够任意设定光学参数,同时也能引入很多复杂的自旋-轨道耦合机理,让我们能够更加清晰地了解和验证其中的物理机理.本文对超构材料中量子自旋霍尔效应做了简要的介绍,内容主要包括真空中光的量子自旋霍尔效应的物理本质、电单负和磁单负超构材料能带反转导致的不同拓扑相的界面态、拓扑电路系统中光量子自旋霍尔效应等.     

磁谐振和电谐振结构构成的左手材料设计

用磁谐振器和电谐振器组合构成左手材料是设计左手材料的一个重要方法.基于这一设计方法,提出了能够抑制双各向异性的磁谐振器和电谐振器设计原理,即单回路镜像对称设计原理和双(四)回路镜像对称设计原理.根据这两个设计原理,设计了具有双负特性(负介电常数和负磁导率)的新结构,并通过实验仿真验证了结构的双负特性,从而验证了两种设计原理的正确性.所提出的两个设计原理以及新结构对于设计新型左手材料具有重要的实际意义和指导意义. 关键词： 左手材料 单回路镜像对称 双回路镜像对称     

Features of electrodynamics of fine-structured resonant metamaterials

We give a brief review of the state of the art of theoretical and experimental studies in the field of electrodynamics of resonant composite materials (metamaterials) whose dielectric permittivity or magnetic permeability or both can be negative. Principles and methods of realization of such metamaterials in the microwave range, their main distinctive electrodynamic properties, prospects for creating new systems and devices (e.g., more perfect lenses), and ways for moving towards the higher frequencies from microwaves to optics are discussed.     

Non-Bragg band gaps and light manipulation of composite structures with metamaterials

A review is presented of various composite structures containing double-negative metamaterials or two types of single-negative metamaterials. In particular, non-Bragg band gaps arising from phase-compensation or tunneling effects and their manipulation of light are stressed. The non-Bragg band gaps that are robust against incident directions, thickness randomness and are easily tuned by changing the structural parameters can not only expand our ability in controlling the flow of light, but also provide new mechanisms for the design of photonic devices.     

Two new designs of lamp-type piezoelectric metamaterials for active wave propagation control

A major limitation of current metamaterials is that they control the wave propagation depending on their structure. Active metamaterials in this paper are designed whose physical structure is fixed, yet the position where they control the wave propagation can be changed by piezoelectric conditions. Two kinds of lamp-type piezoelectric metamaterials were assembled from an aluminum base, rubber plate and steel column, the piezoelectric patches were attached on both sides of the steel column, which can change the equivalent elastic modulus of the whole structure when the pair of patches are accessed by an LC circuit. The equivalent elastic modulus becomes zero or negative when the frequency of the circuit varies between 29,000 Hz and 30,000 Hz, in this case the two kinds of lamp-type piezoelectric metamaterials behave as a wave localization and a wave guide, respectively. The advantage of the lamp-type piezoelectric metamaterials is that we can control the wave propagation actively, as long as we change the position of the piezoelectric patches or choose the kind of lamp-type piezoelectric metamaterial. This is more flexible than a traditional passive metamaterial and provides a new way for us to design some acoustic equipment, such as acoustic cloaking, an acoustic black hole, filter or wave guide.     

Forming Low-Frequency Complete Vibration Bandgaps in a thin Nonmetallic Elastic Metamaterial Plate

Acoustical Physics - Low-frequency vibration-bandgaps in elastic metamaterials open new possibilities to minimize low-frequency vibration and noise. Unfortunately, fabricating a complete vibration...     

基于双环开口谐振环对的平面周期结构左手超材料

通过理论分析和实验仿真,研究了用双环开口谐振环对（double split-ring resonator pairs,DSRRP）实现平面左手超材料的原理,用等效电路理论解释并描述了其负介电常数和负磁导率的产生机理,并对DSRRP在3维左手超材料设计的应用进行了探索性研究.结果表明,DSRRP可以实现小尺寸的平面左手超材料,此外,DSRRP还可以作为用以实现3维左手超材料负磁导率的3维各向异性磁超材料. 关键词： 双环开口谐振环对 平面左手超材料 3维磁超材料     

Lowering plasma frequency by enhancing the effective mass of electrons： A route to deep sub-wavelength metamaterials

Deep sub-wavelength metamaterials are the key to the further development of practical metamaterials with small volumes and broadband properties. We propose to reduce the electrical sizes of metamaterials down to more sub-wavelength scales by lowering the plasma frequencies of metallic wires. The theoretical model is firstly established by analyzing the plasma frequency of continuous thin wires. By introducing more inductance elements, the effective electron mass can be enhanced drastically, leading to significantly lowered plasma frequencies. Based on this theory, we demonstrate that both the electric and the magnetic plasma frequencies of metamaterials can be lowered significantly and thus the electrical sizes of metamaterials can be reduced to more sub-wavelength scales. This provides an efficient route to deep sub-wavelength metamaterials and will give rigorous impetus for the further development of practical metamaterials.     

An electromagnetic parameters extraction method for metamaterials based on phase unwrapping technique

Abstract

A new method of extracting effective permittivity and permeability of metamaterials has been developed in this paper. Scattering parameters are used to represent effective wave impedance and refractive index of the metamaterials. Considering analytical continuation of effective refractive index of the metamaterials in the upper half of a complex angular frequency plane, a phase unwrapping technique has been implemented to solve branch ambiguity of the refractive index caused by complex inverse cosine function. An empirical formula to estimate the starting frequency in the phase unwrapping technique has been developed to improve the efficiency of the parameter retrieval procedure. Numerical results including five slabs of rods and split-ring resonators (SRRs) and a structure composed of two SRRs and four capacitively loaded strips are given to demonstrate good accuracy, high efficiency, and noise insensitivity of the proposed retrieval method.     

Electric and magnetic dipole couplings in split ring resonator metamaterials

In this paper, the electric and the magnetic dipole couplings between the outer and the inner rings of a single split ring resonator (SRR) are investigated. We numerically demonstrate that the magnetic resonance frequency can be substantially modified by changing the couplings of the electric and magnetic dipoles, and give a theoretical expression of the magnetic resonance frequency. The results in this work are expected to be conducive to a deeper understanding of the SRR and other similar metamaterials, and provide new guidance for complex metamaterials design with a tailored electromagnetic response.