Little q-Legendre Polynomials and Irrationality of Certain Lambert Series

Certain q-analogs h _p(1) of the harmonic series, with p = 1/q an integer greater than one, were shown to be irrational by Erds (J. Indiana Math. Soc. 12, 1948, 63–66). In 1991–1992 Peter Borwein (J. Number Theory 37, 1991, 253–259; Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 112, 1992, 141–146) used Padé approximation and complex analysis to prove the irrationality of these q-harmonic series and of q-analogs ln _p (2) of the natural logarithm of 2. Recently Amdeberhan and Zeilberger (Adv. Appl. Math. 20, 1998, 275–283) used the qEKHAD symbolic package to find q-WZ pairs that provide a proof of irrationality similar to Apéry's proof of irrationality of (2) and (3). They also obtain an upper bound for the measure of irrationality, but better upper bounds were earlier given by Bundschuh and Väänänen (Compositio Math. 91, 1994, 175–199) and recently also by Matala-aho and Väänänen (Bull. Australian Math. Soc. 58, 1998, 15–31) (for ln _p (2)). In this paper we show how one can obtain rational approximants for h _p(1) and ln _p (2) (and many other similar quantities) by Padé approximation using little q-Legendre polynomials and we show that properties of these orthogonal polynomials indeed prove the irrationality, with an upper bound of the measure of irrationality which is as sharp as the upper bound given by Bundschuh and Väänänen for h _p(1) and a better upper bound as the one given by Matala-aho and Väänänen for ln _p (2).     

Linear Independence of the Values of <Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis>-Hypergeometric Series and Related Functions

We give linear independence results for the values of certain entire series and of functions satisfying certain first order q-difference equations. The former generalizes a result of Bézivin, while the latter refines that of the second named author in qualitative form. These results imply linear independence of the values of q-hypergeometric series.Research supported in part by Grant-in-Aid for Scientic Research (No. 13640007), the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan.2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary—11J72     

On Diophantine Approximations of Mock Theta Functions of Third Order

The paper gives bounds for the approximation of the values of Ramanujan's Mock Theta functions of third order and more generally of some q-hypergeometric functions by the elements of an algebraic number field. Simultaneous approximations for the values of q-exponential function are also obtained. All the results are given both in the archimedean and p-adic case.     

On the Gaussian q-distribution

We present a study of the Gaussian q-measure introduced by Díaz and Teruel from a probabilistic and from a combinatorial viewpoint. A main motivation for the introduction of the Gaussian q-measure is that its moments are exactly the q-analogues of the double factorial numbers. We show that the Gaussian q-measure interpolates between the uniform measure on the interval [−1,1] and the Gaussian measure on the real line.     

Irrationality of some p-adic L-values

We give a proof of the irrationality of p-adic zeta-values ξp（κ） for p = 2, 3 and κ = 2,3.Such results were recently obtained by Calegari as an application of overconvergent p-adic modular forms. In this paper we present an approach using classical continued fractions discovered by Stieltjes. In addition we show the irrationality of some other p-adic L-series values, and values of the p-adic Hurwitz zeta-function.     

Carlitz and the general 3φ2

In a letter dated March 3, 1971, L. Carlitz defined a sequence of polynomials, Φ _n (a,b; x, y; z), generalizing the Al-Salam & Carlitz polynomials, but closely related thereto. He concluded the letter by stating: “It would be of interest to find properties of Φ _n (a, b; x, y; z) when all the parameters are free.” In this paper, we reproduce the Carlitz letter and show how a study of Carlitz’s polynomials leads to a clearer understanding of the general ₃Φ₂ (a, b, c; d; e; q, z). Dedicated to my friend, Richard Askey. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification Primary—33D20. G. E. Andrews: Partially supported by National Science Foundation Grant DMS 0200047.     

Some formulae for the q-Bernoulli and Euler polynomials of higher order

The purpose of this paper is to give a proof of Kummer type congruence for the q-Bernoulli numbers of higher order, which is an answer to a part of the problem in a previous publication (see Indian J. Pure Appl. Math. 32 (2001) 1565-1570).     

Inversion formulas for q-Riemann-Liouville and q-Weyl transforms

We study fractional transforms associated with q-Bessel operator which is useful to inverse q-Riemann-Liouville and q-Weyl transforms.     

On the rate of approximation by q modified Beta operators

In the present paper we propose the q analogue of the modified Beta operators. We apply q-derivatives to obtain the central moments of the discrete q-Beta operators. A direct result in terms of modulus of continuity for the q operators is also established. We have also used the properties of q integral to establish the recurrence formula for the moments of q analogue of the modified Beta operators. We also establish an asymptotic formula. In the end we have also present the modification of such q operators so as to have better estimate.     

Approximation properties for generalized q-Bernstein polynomials

In this paper, we introduce the generalized q-Bernstein polynomials based on the q-integers and we study approximation properties of these operators. In special case, we obtain Stancu operators or Phillips polynomials.     

Some results for the q-Bernoulli and q-Euler polynomials

We show some results for the q-Bernoulli and q-Euler polynomials. The formulas in series of the Carlitz's q-Stirling numbers of the second kind are also considered. The q-analogues of well-known formulas are derived from these results.     

Combinatorial interpretations of the q-Faulhaber and q-Salié coefficients

Recently, Guo and Zeng discovered two families of polynomials featuring in a q-analogue of Faulhaber's formula for the sums of powers and a q-analogue of Gessel-Viennot's formula involving Salié's coefficients for the alternating sums of powers. In this paper, we show that these are polynomials with symmetric, nonnegative integral coefficients by refining Gessel-Viennot's combinatorial interpretations.     

Second structure relation for q-semiclassical polynomials of the Hahn Tableau

The q-classical orthogonal polynomials of the q-Hahn Tableau are characterized from their orthogonality condition and by a first and a second structure relation. Unfortunately, for the q-semiclassical orthogonal polynomials (a generalization of the classical ones) we find only in the literature the first structure relation. In this paper, a second structure relation is deduced. In particular, by means of a general finite-type relation between a q-semiclassical polynomial sequence and the sequence of its q-differences such a structure relation is obtained.     

q-Taylor and interpolation series for Jackson q-difference operators

We prove q-Taylor series for Jackson q-difference operators. Absolute and uniform convergence to the original function are proved for analytic functions. We derive interpolation results for entire functions of q-exponential growth which is less than lnq⁻¹, 0<q<1, from its values at the nodes , a is a non-zero complex number with absolute and uniform convergence criteria.     

Applications of the Hypergeometric Method to the Generalized Ramanujan-Nagell Equation

In this paper, we refine work of Beukers, applying results from the theory of Padé approximation to (1 – z)^1/2 to the problem of restricted rational approximation to quadratic irrationals. As a result, we derive effective lower bounds for rational approximation to (where m is a positive nonsquare integer) by rationals of certain types. Forexample, we have

Extensions of q-Chu-Vandermonde's identity

In this paper, we apply q-exponential operator to get some general q-Chu-Vandermonde's identities.     

Applications of the Mellin transform in quantum calculus

In this paper, we study in quantum calculus the correspondence between poles of the q-Mellin transform (see [A. Fitouhi, N. Bettaibi, K. Brahim, The Mellin transform in Quantum Calculus, Constr. Approx. 23 (3) (2006) 305-323]) and the asymptotic behaviour of the original function at 0 and ∞. As applications, we give a new technique (in q-analysis) to derive the asymptotic expansion of some functions defined by q-integrals or by q-harmonic sums. Finally, a q-analogue of the Mellin-Perron formula is given.     

On Solutions of the q-Hypergeometric Equation with q N = 1

We consider the q-hypergeometric equation with q ^N = 1 and , , . We solve this equation on the space of functions given by a power series multiplied by a power of the logarithmic function. We prove that the subspace of solutions is two-dimensional over the field of quasi-constants. We get a basis for this space explicitly. In terms of this basis, we represent the q-hypergeometric function of the Barnes type constructed by Nishizawa and Ueno. Then we see that this function has logarithmic singularity at the origin. This is a difference between the q-hypergeometric functions with 0 < |q| < 1 and at |q| = 1.