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Zhi-Hong Sun 《Journal of Number Theory》2005,113(1):10-52
Let be a prime, m∈Z and . In this paper we obtain a general criterion for m to be a quartic residue in terms of appropriate binary quadratic forms. Let d>1 be a squarefree integer such that , where is the Legendre symbol, and let εd be the fundamental unit of the quadratic field . Since 1942 many mathematicians tried to characterize those primes p so that εd is a quadratic or quartic residue . In this paper we will completely solve these open problems by determining the value of , where p is an odd prime, and . As an application we also obtain a general criterion for , where {un(a,b)} is the Lucas sequence defined by and . 相似文献
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Alex V. Kontorovich 《Journal of Number Theory》2006,117(1):1-13
For every positive integer n, the quantum integer [n]q is the polynomial [n]q=1+q+q2+?+qn-1. A quadratic addition rule for quantum integers consists of sequences of polynomials , , and such that for all m and n. This paper gives a complete classification of quadratic addition rules, and also considers sequences of polynomials that satisfy the associated functional equation . 相似文献
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