Intrinsic toroidal rotation, density peaking, and turbulence regimes in the core of tokamak plasmas

Observations in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak show a correlation between the gradient of the intrinsic toroidal rotation profile and the logarithmic gradient of the electron density profile. The intrinsic toroidal rotation in the center of the plasma reverses from co- to countercurrent when the logarithmic density gradients are large, and the turbulence is either dominated by trapped electron modes or is at the transition between ion temperature gradient and trapped electron modes. A study based on local gyrokinetic calculations suggests that the dominant trend in the observations can be explained by the combination of residual stresses produced by E × B and profile shearing mechanisms.     

HL-2A等离子体垂直振荡缓解边缘局域模实验观测

在HL-2A 装置实验中，通过对水平场加入方波扰动，实现了等离子体垂直运动。当等离子体向上垂直运动时，观察到了边缘局域模(ELM)缓解现象。研究发现，等离子体向上运动过程中边缘不断形成新的闭合磁面，导致等离子体体积膨胀，进而使台基宽度增加。此外，ELM 缓解期间杂质和工作气体再循环有所增加。等离子体向上运动过程中体积膨胀、工作气体再循环及杂质增加可能是导致ELM 缓解的主要物理因素。该实验可为未来聚变实验装置ELM 的控制提供一些参考。     

Shear flows at the tokamak edge and their role in core rotation and the L-H transition

Pfirsch-Schlüter fluxes in tokamaks are shown to drive strong poloidal and toroidal shear flows that are localized to the edge and scrape-off layer in the presence of temperature gradients and finite bootstrap current in the pedestal. Within a magnetohydrodynamic model, the effect of these flows on core rotation and their role in the magnetic configuration dependence of the power threshold for the low- (L-) to high- (H-)mode transition are discussed. Theoretical predictions based on symmetries of the underlying equations, coupled with computational results, are found to be in general agreement with observations in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak [Phys. Plasmas 12, 056111 (2005)10.1063/1.1876294].     

�п���˱�Ե�����д�״���ĸ�ճ������

基于Hasegawa-Wakatani湍流模型,数值模拟了托卡马克边缘等离子体中漂移波湍流和相关的反常粒子输运.从等离子体动量守恒方程出发导出了不采用常规的布辛涅斯克近似的带状流方程,论证了大振幅密度扰动和湍性粒子流对激发带状流的贡献可等效地对应于低阶负粘滞阻尼效果.数值模拟表明,大振幅密度扰动的非线性大大增强了带状流饱和振幅,从而有效抑制了湍性粒子输运.研究结果阐明了托卡马克边缘等离子体大振幅密度扰动的非线性对驱动等离子体旋转、动量输运和带状流的重要性.     

托卡马克边缘湍流中带状流的负粘滞阻尼

基于Hasegawa-Wakatani湍流模型,数值模拟了托卡马克边缘等离子体中漂移波湍流和相关的反常粒子输运。从等离子体动量守恒方程出发导出了不采用常规的布辛涅斯克近似的带状流方程,论证了大振幅密度扰动和湍性粒子流对激发带状流的贡献可等效地对应于低阶负粘滞阻尼效果。数值模拟表明,大振幅密度扰动的非线性大大增强了带状流饱和振幅,从而有效抑制了湍性粒子输运。研究结果阐明了托卡马克边缘等离子体大振幅密度扰动的非线性对驱动等离子体旋转、动量输运和带状流的重要性。     

Calibration of the fir polarimeter on TFTR tokamak

The results of the first Faraday rotation measurement on the TFTR tokamak are presented. Data are reported on ohmic-as well as neutral-beam-heated plasmas including solid pellet injections. The procedure and the results of the calibration, are described. The effects of various errors in the measurements as well as the problem of cross coupling laser beams are studied.     

Observation of intermittency in edge plasma of SUNIST tokamak

The temporal intermittency of the fluctuation-driven particle transport fluxes is analysed by using data obtained from Langmuir probe array in the edge of the Sino-United Spherical Tokamak (SUNIST). The conditional statistics analysis indicates that the intermittent structures have a characteristic time width of about 30μs, which is the typical fluctuation time scaling. It is also found that the transport fluxes have a multifractal character over the fluctuation time scales, and exhibit a long-time-range correlation character with self-similar parameter H>0.5 in the plasma confinement time scales. Furthermore, the analyses show that the level of the intermittency and the long-range correlation of the fluxes vary with increasing plasma density. These observations are consistent with the prediction of the avalanche-like model.     

Visualization of density structures in tokamak edge plasmas usinglithium beam fluorescence

To study the local behavior of the edge plasma density in the DIII-D tokamak, we image the collisionally induced fluorescence from an injected neutral lithium beam using a gated intensified charge-coupled device (CCD) camera coupled to a UNIX workstation. The goal of these experiments is to search for spatially coherent structures in the plasma edge density which may be transiently illuminated by the beam. In our imaging studies to date we have been able to follow the evolution of the edge density as the main plasma discharge progresses through various confinement states under intense neutral beam injection (NBI) heating     

HL-2Aװ�ñ�Ե�Ŷ����Թ۲�

用中平面往复快速扫描6探针组观测HL-2A装置边缘等离子体的扰动特性。在一次放电中能测量到边缘等离子体参数的时空分布及其涨落量，雷诺胁强与极向流和带状流的关系，以及静电涨落驱动的粒子通量和热通量的径向变化。在多发弹丸注入(MPI)和多脉冲超声分子束注入(SMBI)条件下，研究了边缘参数的涨落和相关特性。实验结果表明：SMBI和MPI等注入手段改变了边缘的扰动特性；雷诺胁强的径向梯度可以驱动带状流，抑制湍流输运。