关于Weber变换的推广

该文介绍两种不同类型的推广的Weber变换,给出了第二种变换的逆变换公式,并且阐述了它们之间的联系.作为推广的Weber变换的应用,求解了无限大分形油藏中心一口井以定产量生产时的渗流问题.     

液气界面张力垂直分量引起的基底弹性变形

Young方程是毛细理论和润湿的重要方程之一．但是,该方程只描述了3个界面张力的水平分量之间的平衡与接触角的关系,而对液气界面张力垂直分量未作任何描述．现在,随着软材料的广泛应用,该垂直分量将引起基底的表面变形,并在微流体系统的制造过程中起到重要作用,这已是该研究领域的共识．综述了关于表面变形这一问题在理论分析,实验研究和数值模拟等方面取得的进展．而且,还讨论了由垂直分量引起的表面变形对液滴润湿和铺展行为、微悬臂梁的弯曲、弹性毛细现象、电弹性毛细现象等的影响．不仅对该问题的历史发展和目前的研究进展进行了简单的综述,并且也针对后续的研究提出了几点建议．     

对振荡函数数值积分方法的进一步探讨

本文在 [1 ]等成果的基础上 ,对振荡函数数值积分的方法做了进一步的探讨 ,给出了一种代数精确度更高、具有函数振荡越剧烈求积结果越精确的特点的、优于 [1 ]的新的对振荡函数的 Gauss型积分 .     

复合多层介质在可变温度和集中荷载作用下的位移和应力

研究了多层介质中的热弹性位移和应力.多层介质具有不同厚度,各层又具有不同的弹性性质,最上层表面上作用热荷载和集中荷载.假设各层分别是均匀、各向同性弹性材料,各层相关的位移分量是轴对称的,对称轴为各层表面的垂线.因此,各层应力函数满足无体力的单一方程.利用积分变换法求解了该方程,对由任意多个层数构造的多层介质,给出了其相应层数基础热弹性位移和应力的解析表达式.并对3层介质和4层介质时的数值结果进行了比较.     

导电压头作用下的功能梯度压电涂层二维黏附接触问题研究

纳米压痕实验是研究材料的力学性能和表面形貌的重要手段,当接触区尺寸减小时,压头与试件接触表面间的黏附作用将无法忽视,因此,考虑黏附作用对压头作用下的接触问题具有重要的价值.功能梯度压电材料(FGPM)兼具梯度材料和压电材料的优点,用作涂层可有效地抑制接触损伤和破坏.该文将针对梯度压电材料在导电压头作用下的黏附接触问题开展研究,假设功能梯度压电涂层的材料参数按照指数形式变化,基于Maugis黏附模型,利用Fourier积分变换获得了功能梯度压电涂层在导电压头作用下的二维无摩擦黏附接触问题的控制奇异积分方程,并采用Erdogan-Gupta的数值方法求解,获得了黏附应力、梯度参数和压头所带电荷对力-电耦合响应的影响.研究结果为利用功能梯度压电材料涂层改善材料表面的接触行为提供了理论依据,同时可为压电结构及器件的设计提供帮助.     

一类特殊矩阵方程的并行预处理变形共轭梯度算法

研究了求解一类矩阵方程AXB=C,提出了一种并行预处理变形共轭梯度法．该方法给出一种迭代法的预处理模式．首先给出的预处理矩阵是严格对角占优矩阵,构造并行迭代求解预处理矩阵方程的迭代格式,进而使用变形共轭梯度法并行求解．通过数值试验,预处理变形共轭梯度法与直接使用变形共轭梯度法相比较,该算法不仅有效提高了收敛速度,而且具有很高的并行性．     

基于三角基的网格形状变形

研究了在散乱数据的三角剖分后对所形成的空间三角形网格进行变形的具体操作算法.首先给出描述三角形网格各顶点空间位置的内在结构矩阵,然后插值于相应的结构矩阵,实现三角形网格之间的形状变形.该文的另一个特点是引入三角基函数作为混合函数,得到了更优的结果.     

圆柱壳的轴对称平面应变弹性动力学解

给出一种圆柱壳的轴对称平面应变弹性动力学问题的解析方法。首先通过引入一特定函数将非齐次边界条件化为齐次边界条件,然后利用分离变量法将位移减去特定函数的量展开为关于贝塞尔函数和时间函数乘积的级数,并由贝塞尔函数的正交性,导出时间函数的方程,容易求得此方程的解。将两者叠加可得弹性动力学问题的位移解。运用此方法,可以避免积分变换,并适宜于各种载荷。文中给出了各向同性和柱面各向同性圆柱壳内表面和实心圆柱外表面受冲击荷载作用以及内表面固定的柱面各向同性圆柱壳外表面受冲击荷载作用的数值结果。     

对Dirichlet积分的几种简便证明

借助复变函数、积分变换、数学物理方程等数学方法和工具,可通过多种途径证明Dirichlet积分的结果．     

固壁近旁Stokes流中粘性液滴的运动和变形

发展了一种模拟固壁近旁轴对称Stokes流中粘性液滴的运动和变形及直接计算固壁上应力的边界积分方法．用此方法对不同的液滴-固壁初始相对间距、粘度比、表面张力和浮力联合参数以及环境流动参数情况进行了数值实验．数值结果显示,由于环境流动和浮力的作用,随着时间的推进,液滴在轴向压缩,在径向拉伸．当环境流动的作用弱于浮力作用时,随着时间的推移,液滴上升并向上弯,固壁上由液滴运动所引起的应力不断减小．当环境流动的作用强于浮力作用时,随着时间的推移,液滴变得越来越扁．在这种情形,当大初始间距时,壁面上的应力随液滴的演变而增大;当小初始间距时,由环境流动、浮力及壁面对流动的较强作用的联合影响,此应力随液滴的演变而减小．由于液滴运动所引起的壁面应力的有效作用仅限于对称轴附近的一个小范围内,且此范围随液滴与固壁的初始间距增大而增大．应力的大小随初始间距增大而大为减小．表面张力对液滴变形有阻止作用．液滴粘性会减小液滴的变形和位置迁移．     

The Axisymmetric Deformation of a Thin,or Moderately Thick,Elastic Spherical Cap

A refined shell theory is developed for the elastostatics of a moderately thick spherical cap in axisymmetric deformation. This is a two-term asymptotic theory, valid as the dimensionless shell thickness tends to zero.The theory is more accurate than “thin shell” theory, but is still much more tractable than the full three-dimensional theory. A fundamental difficulty encountered in the formulation of shell (and plate) theories is the determination of correct two-dimensional boundary conditions, applicable to the shell solution, from edge data prescribed for the three-dimensional problem. A major contribution of this article is the derivation of such boundary conditions for our refined theory of the spherical cap. These conditions are more difficult to obtain than those already known for the semi-infinite cylindrical shell, since they depend on the cap angle as well as the dimensionless thickness. For the stress boundary value problem, we find that a Saint-Venant-type principle does not apply in the refined theory, although it does hold in thin shell theory. We also obtain correct boundary conditions for pure displacement and mixed boundary data. In these cases, conventional formulations do not generally provide even the first approximation solution correctly. As an illustration of the refined theory, we obtain two-term asymptotic solutions to two problems, (i) a complete spherical shell subjected to a normally directed equatorial line loading and (ii) an unloaded spherical cap rotating about its axis of symmetry.     

夹层结构杆在弹性基础上的弹塑性变形

对位于弹性基底上的、具有可压缩非线性芯子的3层弹塑性杆的弯曲问题进行了研究．研究分析了由2个受力层和1个芯子层组成的3层构件的力学响应．解决了位于弹性基底上的3层杆弯曲的复杂问题．对所给出的弹性解法进行了收敛性检验,以保证该弹性解是可以接受的．计算结果表明,材料的塑性和物理非线性对位于弹性基底上的夹层结构杆的变形影响很大．     

考虑损伤的修正梯度弹性理论

梯度弹性理论在描述材料微结构起主导作用的力学行为时具有显著优势,将其与损伤理论相结合,可在材料破坏研究中考虑微结构的影响.基于修正梯度弹性理论,将应变张量、应变梯度张量和损伤变量作为Helmholtz自由能函数的状态变量,并在自然状态附近对自由能函数作Taylor展开,进而由热力学基本定律,推导出修正梯度弹性损伤理论本构方程的一般形式.编制有限元程序,模拟土样损伤局部化带的发展演化过程.结果表明,修正梯度弹性损伤理论消除了网格依赖性;损伤局部化带不是与损伤同时发生,而是在损伤发展到一定程度后再逐渐显现出来.     

3D FEA of Size Effects in Deformation of Thin Metallic Films

The purpose of this work is to analyze size effects in the deformation occurring during nanoindentation-tests of thin metallic films on ceramic substrates. It is well known that classical phenomenological theories of plasticity are hardly applicable in cases of very small dimensions of a body [1]. Thus, the dependency of the mechanical behavior of thin films on the thickness can not be studied in the framework of classical theories. In order to simulate numerically the deformation, a specific material model has been chosen which is able to account for size effects. It bases on the theory of ”Mechanism Strain Gradient” (MSG) plasticity [2] in conjunction with the deformation theory of plasticity. The material model has been implemented via the user defined element subroutine (UEL) in the commercial FE code ABAQUS/Standard as a ten-node tetrahedron-element. With the developed subroutine the deformation of thin copper films on Si substrates during nanoindentation-tests has been simulated. Different material models of the indentor (rigid and elastic) as well as different friction conditions between the film and the pyramidal indentor were tested. Furthermore, the influence of an additional oxide layer on the films surface has been analysed. In order to verify the numerical investigations, results from nanoindentation experiments have been used for comparison [4]. The FE simulations for different thicknesses in the range of 100-600nm showed a very good agreement with the experiments. In particular, the size dependency of the force-displacement curves, calculated by using the developed subroutine, is in rather good agreement with experiments. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Eigenmode Asymptotics in Thin Elastic Plates

In this paper, we investigate the behavior of the vibration modes (eigenvalues) of an isotropic homogeneous plate as its thickness tends to zero. As lateral boundary conditions, we consider clamped or free edge. We prove distinct asymptotics for bending and membrane modes: the smallest bending eigenvalues behave as the square of the thickness whereas the membrane eigenvalues tend to non-zero limits. Moreover, we prove that all these eigenvalues have an expansion in power series with respect to the thickness regardless of their multiplicities or of the multiplicities of the limit in-plane problems.     

Metric-Induced Wrinkling of a Thin Elastic Sheet

We study the wrinkling of a thin elastic sheet caused by a prescribed non-Euclidean metric. This is a model problem for the patterns seen, for example, in torn plastic sheets and the leaves of plants. Following the lead of other authors, we adopt a variational viewpoint, according to which the wrinkling is driven by minimization of an elastic energy subject to appropriate constraints and boundary conditions. We begin with a broad introduction, including a discussion of key examples (some well-known, others apparently new) that demonstrate the overall character of the problem. We then focus on how the minimum energy scales with respect to the sheet thickness \(h\) for certain classes of displacements. Our main result is that when deformations are subject to certain hypotheses, the minimum energy is of order \(h^{4/3}\) . We also show that when deformations are subject to more restrictive hypotheses, the minimum energy is strictly larger – of order \(h\) ; it follows that energy minimization in the more restricted class is not a good model for the applications that motivate this work. Our results do not explain the cascade of wrinkles seen in some experimental and numerical studies, and they leave open the possibility that an energy scaling law better than \(h^{4/3}\) could be obtained by considering a larger class of deformations.     

Energy Bounds for a Compressed Elastic Film on a Substrate

We study pattern formation in a compressed elastic film which delaminates from a substrate. Our key tool is the determination of rigorous upper and lower bounds on the minimum value of a suitable energy functional. The energy consists of two parts, describing the two main physical effects. The first part represents the elastic energy of the film, which is approximated using the von Kármán plate theory. The second part represents the fracture or delamination energy, which is approximated using the Griffith model of fracture. A simpler model containing the first term alone was previously studied with similar methods by several authors, assuming that the delaminated region is fixed. We include the fracture term, transforming the elastic minimisation into a free boundary problem, and opening the way for patterns which result from the interplay of elasticity and delamination. After rescaling, the energy depends on only two parameters: the rescaled film thickness, \({\sigma }\), and a measure of the bonding strength between the film and substrate, \({\gamma }\). We prove upper bounds on the minimum energy of the form \({\sigma }^a {\gamma }^b\) and find that there are four different parameter regimes corresponding to different values of a and b and to different folding patterns of the film. In some cases, the upper bounds are attained by self-similar folding patterns as observed in experiments. Moreover, for two of the four parameter regimes we prove matching, optimal lower bounds.     

薄壳非线性变形理论

对薄壳的非线性变形,给出了应变与位移之间的精确关系.经过合理的简化,给出了壳的挠度与厚度同级的大变形基本公式.当薄壳为无限长柱形且作柱形变形时,精确地求得了壳的挠度与长度同级的大变形基本公式.