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1.
采用SIMPLEC算法对Ghost叶轮的三维非定常流场进行了数值模拟。利用计算所得流场结果并结合Lighthill和Lowson声学方程计算了由叶片表面非定常脉动力产生的气动噪声。计算结果表明:气动噪声的峰值主要集中在基频及其谐波附近;与静止的点声源相比,运动的点声源不仅使声场存在明显的多普勒效应,还会使声场的强度产生较大的变化;但对转速恒定的旋转点声源,加速度的变化对声场的影响可以忽略;从声场的分布来看,整个旋转叶轮可以看成是一个按简谐变化的偶极子源,数值计算结果与理论分析的结果吻合良好。 相似文献
2.
本文采用二维可压缩紊流边界层计算模型,计算了离心风机内考虑边界层影响后的粒子轨迹和粒子与叶片表面的碰撞角、碰撞速度、磨损率沿叶片(相对弧长)的变化规律,计算结果表明:对于小直径的粒子,无粘流动假设是不合适的,计及边界层的影响,对于准确预测风机内的粒子轨迹和磨损是必不可少的。 相似文献
3.
本文将曲率和旋转项引入二维湍流边界层动量方程中,导出动量损失厚度的积分关系式。分析了曲率和旋转对湍流结构的直接影响,并提出壁面速度分布律的修正表达式。 相似文献
4.
采用风洞试验和数值模拟相结合的方法, 对雷诺数Re = 55000条件下细长旋成体有、无横向喷流时大攻角非对称特性进行了分析. 通过风洞试验发现了旋成体在法向和侧向进行喷流时其大攻角非对称气动特性与无喷流时的区别, 通过数值模拟方法对几个典型工况下旋成体有、无横向喷流时的非对称气动特性进行了分析, 揭示了喷流对旋成体非对称流动分离的影响. 通过风洞试验发现当细长旋成体进行法向控制时无喷流、喷流位于迎风区和喷流位于背风区的旋成体表现出了不同的非对称流动特性: 首先喷流位于迎风区时攻角范围在20º ~ 40º之间有喷流和无喷流旋成体所产生的侧向力方向相反, 攻角大于40º之后侧向力系数的方向发生了改变, 与无喷流时的侧向力系数方向相同, 但是其绝对值要比无喷流时的侧向力系数小. 其次喷流位于背风区时攻角在15º ~ 35º之间有喷流时的侧向力系数绝对值要明显比无喷流时大, 在随后的40º ~ 70º之间旋成体侧向力系数变化规律与无喷流的趋势相似. 当细长旋成体进行侧向控制时由于沿侧向的喷流所产生的直接力使得攻角范围在0º ~ 20º之间和大于45º时有喷流的旋成体侧向力系数绝对值要比无喷流时大, 但是攻角在25º ~ 40º之间时旋成体的侧向力系数绝对值减小, 甚至在35º时几乎为0. 通过数值模拟发现当细长旋成体进行法向控制时, 喷流位于迎风区和背风区时喷流都对有扰流片一侧的流动分离产生了影响, 使得其与无喷流时的流场结构不同. 无喷流时细长旋成体有扰流片的一侧首先发生流动分离, 但是当喷流存在时无扰流片的一侧首先发生流动分离, 从而导致了侧向力绝对值增大以及侧向力方向发生改变等现象. 当细长旋成体进行侧向控制时, 没有扰流片的一侧流动首先发生了分离, 有扰流片的一侧后发生流动分离. 旋成体有扰流片一侧由于喷流的影响在弹体喷嘴附近及后方产生了低压区, 无扰流片一侧的流动分离之后旋成体中后部分产生了高压区, 使弹体产生了沿z轴正向的侧向力, 这与喷流产生的直接力方向相反、大小相当, 从而出现了旋成体攻角在20º ~ 40º之间侧向力较小、甚至在35º时几乎为0的情况. 相似文献
5.
串列叶片式前向离心风机气动与噪声特性的优化研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对采用串列叶片的某前向离心风机内部三维非定常流动进行了数值计算,重点研究了串列叶片不同叶片相对长度和不同叶片相对周向位置两个参数对风机气动性能及气动噪声的影响.通过响应面方法对数值结果进行二次回归拟合,得到两个参数与风机效率和A声级间的函数关系,并进行了优化分析.数值结果表明:两个参数对串列叶片式前向离心风机效率和A声级均有较大影响,合理的串列叶片设计能够在保持气动性能基本不变的情况下降低风机的气动噪声.将可靠的CFD数值技术与响应面方法结合起来用于指导离心风机的改进及试验设计是可行的,本文的研究结果可为串列式离心风机在节能与降噪的总体设计方面提供参考. 相似文献
6.
方形截面柱体的圆角化处理是常用的流动控制方法,但其流场作用机理尚未被澄清.采用大涡模拟方法,在雷诺数为2.2$times$10$^{4}$时,考虑风攻角的影响,对均匀流作用下的标准方柱和圆角方柱的气动性能和流场特性进行了研究,定量分析了圆角化气动措施和风攻角变化对分离泡特性的影响规律,从流场角度澄清了圆角化气动措施对方柱气动性能的影响机理.研究表明:与标准方柱相比,圆角方柱的表面风压、气动力和涡脱强度呈整体下降的趋势,但圆角方柱的斯特劳哈尔数更高;圆角方柱的\"分离泡流态'发生在更小的风攻角范围内,分离泡的出现会进一步造成方柱的尾流变窄,涡脱强度减弱;随着风攻角的增大,分离泡的长度会逐渐减小直至消失,分离泡的中心会逐渐向方柱前角(迎风向)和方柱壁面移动;与标准方柱相比,圆角方柱的气流发生初次分离的位置向下游移动,分离后的剪切层更贴近方柱,因而更易发生再附现象;方柱尾流宽度的减小和涡脱强度的减弱是导致圆角方柱气动力减小和斯特劳哈尔数增大的主要原因. 相似文献
7.
方形截面柱体的圆角化处理是常用的流动控制方法,但其流场作用机理尚未被澄清.采用大涡模拟方法,在雷诺数为2.2$times$10$^{4}$时,考虑风攻角的影响,对均匀流作用下的标准方柱和圆角方柱的气动性能和流场特性进行了研究,定量分析了圆角化气动措施和风攻角变化对分离泡特性的影响规律,从流场角度澄清了圆角化气动措施对方柱气动性能的影响机理.研究表明:与标准方柱相比,圆角方柱的表面风压、气动力和涡脱强度呈整体下降的趋势,但圆角方柱的斯特劳哈尔数更高;圆角方柱的 相似文献
8.
在不同进口导叶预旋角度下,采用非定常的方法对进口导叶/叶轮/扩压器三部件之间非定常相干进行了数值与实验研究,探讨了三部件之间动静相干的机理.结果表明,在进口导叶/叶轮/扩压器三部件相干时,最大的脉动压力出现在叶轮和扩压器之间的动静交界面上.当进口导叶预旋角度存在时,叶轮与扩压器之间无叶区内的非定常流动以叶轮叶片通过频率和1/2叶片通过频率为基频;而当扩压器进口安装角增大时,径向间隙内的流动则主要以1/2叶片通过频率为基频.在不同的配置下,湍流强度和非定常度均有朝向轮盘增加的趋势.在进口导叶正预旋60°同扩压器进口安装角为17°时的配置有增大湍流强度和非定常度的趋势. 相似文献
9.
10.
阻旋栅对梳齿密封动静特性影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阻旋栅可改变密封进口流体周向流动与进口预旋,是提高系统稳定性的主要方法之一.本文作者应用计算流体力学方法研究了阻旋栅几何参数对梳齿密封动静特性的影响,计算分析了阻旋栅在不同长度、间隙、周向个数及不同进口预旋比下密封流场分布与动力特性系数,并与无阻旋栅梳齿密封进行对比.研究表明:阻旋栅能够有效抑制密封进口周向流动、降低密封腔室周向压力;随着阻旋栅周向个数与阻旋栅间隙的减小,其抑制效果增强,阻旋栅长度的增加对周向速度影响则越来越小;提高预旋比将使密封内流体周向速度增加.与传统梳齿密封相比,具有阻旋栅的梳齿密封直接阻尼增加,交叉刚度降低,进而有效阻尼提高.阻旋栅间隙s=0.20 mm、长度l=3.25 mm、数量n=90时密封有效阻尼较大,系统稳定性最好. 相似文献
11.
The aerodynamic characteristics of cone-sphere models are studied at Mach numbers M = 6, 8.4, and 12 to 13 over a wide Reynolds number range. Models of a braking device (sphere) were connected with a load (frustum of a cone) by means of shrouds. The dependences of the aerodynamic coefficients C x and C y on the angle of attack α were obtained for different relative dimensions of the load and the braking device, shroud lengths, and Mach and Reynolds numbers. The effect of the above-mentioned parameters on the aerodynamic characteristics of the models is analyzed. The C x (ReD) dependences of load-parachutemodels in a symmetric flow are determined over the wide Mach and Reynolds number ranges 6 ≤ M ≤ 13 and 3 · 103 ≤ ReD ≤ 3 · 106. 相似文献
12.
含分流叶片的离心压缩机级内三维流场数值分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
使用Fine/Turbo三维粘性计算程序对含分流叶片半开式叶轮的离心压缩机级内三维粘性流场进行数值分析.该程序应用Jameson的中心差分格式结合Yang&Shih k-ε湍流模型,使用时间推进法求解雷诺平均N-S方程,用四阶显式Runge-Kutta法进行时间推进.计算中CFL数取2.5,残差收敛至10-4数量级、计算域进出口质量流量误差小于0.05%时认为收敛.并为进一步的产品优化设计及改进研究打下基础.计算结果表明该模级的数值模拟曲线与实验值吻合良好;叶轮出口截面上两个通道的速度分布极不均匀,右通道的速度比左通道的变化剧烈.为了加快收敛,计算时采用了隐式残差平均法及完全多重网格技术. 相似文献
13.
Discrete and continuous adjoint approaches for use in aerodynamic shape optimization problems at all flow speeds are developed and assessed. They are based on the Navier–Stokes equations with low Mach number preconditioning. By alleviating the large disparity between acoustic waves and fluid speeds, the preconditioned flow and adjoint equations are numerically solved with affordable CPU cost, even at the so‐called incompressible flow conditions. Either by employing the adjoint to the preconditioned flow equations or by preconditioning the adjoint to the ‘standard’ flow equations (under certain conditions the two formulations become equivalent, as proved in this paper), efficient optimization methods with reasonable cost per optimization cycle, even at very low Mach numbers, are derived. During the mathematical development, a couple of assumptions are made which are proved to be harmless to the accuracy in the computed gradients and the effectiveness of the optimization method. The proposed approaches are validated in inviscid and viscous flows in external aerodynamics and turbomachinery flows at various Mach numbers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
本文选择RANS方程和RNG k-ε湍流模型,采用有限体积法,在假定流动定常的前提下对离心泵中叶片与蜗舌不同相对位置时的流场进行数值模拟,总结分析了各性能参数的计算误差在不同的相对位置时的变化规律.通过叶片与蜗舌不同相对位置时对各性能参数计算误差的均方差进行比较,认为存在一个合适的相对位置使得对各性能参数的总体预测精度保持最高,为数值方法分析离心泵的性能提供了指导. 相似文献
15.
S. M. Aulchenko V. P. Zamuraev A. P. Kalinina 《Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics》2008,49(6):957-961
The possibility of controlling the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils in transonic flight regimes by means of one-sided
pulsed-periodic energy supply is studied. Based on the numerical solution of two-dimensional unsteady gas-dynamic equations,
the change in the flow structure in the vicinity of a symmetric airfoil at different angles of attack and the aerodynamic
characteristics of the airfoil as functions of the amount of energy supplied asymmetrically (with respect to the airfoil)
are determined. The results obtained are compared with the data calculated for the flow past the airfoil at different angles
of attack without energy supply. It is found that a given lift force can be obtained with the use of energy supply at a much
better lift-to-drag ratio of the airfoil, as compared to the case of the flow past the airfoil at an angle of attack. The
moment characteristics of the airfoil are found.
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Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 49, No. 6, pp. 82–87, November–December, 2008. 相似文献
16.
The wing rock motion is frequently suffered by a wing-body configuration with low swept wing at high angle of attack. It is found from our experimental study that the tip perturbation and wing longitudinal locations affect significantly the wing rock motion of a wing-body. The natural tip perturbation would make the wing rock motion of a nondeterministic nature and an artificial mini-tip perturbation would make the wing rock motion deterministic. The artificial tip perturbation would, as its circumferential location is varied, generate three different types of motion patterns: (1) limit cycle oscillation, (2) irregular oscillation, (3) equilibrium state with tiny oscillation. The amplitude of rolling oscillation corresponding to the limit cycle oscillatory motion pattern is decreased with the wing location shifting downstream along the body axis. 相似文献
17.
A problem is formulated for computing the fields of parameters of a stationary laminar symmetric flow. A two-dimensional flow
in a channel with a sudden change in the cross-sectional area is computed. The evolution of a three-dimensional perturbation
inserted into the channel at the initial stage of computations is analyzed. It is demonstrated that the parameters of a two-dimensional
flow in the channel at a Reynolds number Re = 50 become stabilized at a dimensionless time t > 20, whereas the steady state is reached under the same conditions at t
≈ 100. At a distance of approximately 10h (h is the channel width at the entrance), the flow becomes one-dimensional, but
the streamwise component of the velocity vector remains a function of the streamwise coordinate owing to flow compressibility.
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Translated from PrikladnayaMekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 35–42, January–February, 2007. 相似文献
18.
应用当地流活塞理论的大攻角升力面颤振气动力表达式 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文应用当地流活塞理论,给出了弹性的夺动翼面的非定常压分分布以及用模态坐标的广义气动力系数表达式。同时提供了配套的当地流参数计算公式和采用样条函数计算广义气动力系数数值积分的表达式。 相似文献
19.
The flowfield and the aerodynamic drag of a model consisting of a pair of bodies (leading body a cylinder and trailing body a hollow cylinder) connected by a cylindrical bar along the axis of symmetry is experimentally investigated at Mach numbers ranging from 0.6 to 1.7. In the course of the experiments, the trailing body cavity depth and the connecting bar length were varied.__________Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Academii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 2, 2005, pp. 186–192.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Pilyugin and Khlebnikov. 相似文献
20.