L-组氨酸稳定的铜纳米团簇的合成及其在三硝基苯酚检测中的应用

三硝基苯酚(PA)是废水中酚类有机化合物的重要成分,鉴于其对人体及环境的危害,实现PA简便、准确的检测意义重大.本文以L-组氨酸为保护剂,抗坏血酸为还原剂,通过一步法在室温下合成了铜纳米团簇(Cu NCs).透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外可见光谱(UV-vis)和傅里叶红外(FT-IR)等手...     

基于银/铂纳米模拟酶表面修饰的铜离子比色检测方法研究

通过对银/铂纳米簇(Ag/Pt NCs)的表面修饰调控其催化活性,建立了一种高灵敏的比色法检测Cu2+.巯基丙酸能够抑制Ag/Pt NCs的催化活性,而巯基丙酸与Cu2+作用后,将导致上述抑制作用减弱.基于上述原理,通过测量Ag/Pt NCs 催化TMB-H2O2反应产生的显色信号,可以实现Cu2+的比色检测.本方法检测Cu2+的线性范围为10～100 nmol/L,检出限(3σ)为5.0 nmol/L.将本方法应用于实际水样中Cu2+的检测,结果表明,本方法具有操作简单、成本低、灵敏度高、特异性好等优点.     

2-巯基苯并咪唑保护的铜纳米团簇的制备及银离子检测

以2-巯基苯并咪唑为保护剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为稳定剂,水合肼为还原剂,“一锅法”合成2-巯基苯并咪唑保护的,高稳定性、强荧光、大斯托克斯位移的铜纳米团簇(Cu NCs),并用于检测水样中的银离子含量。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对铜纳米团簇的结构进行表征,通过荧光光谱和紫外可见光谱对其光学性能进行研究。研究表明:该铜纳米团簇的最大激发和发射波长分别为340和558 nm,在日光灯和紫外灯下分别为无色和橙色。Cu NCs具有较高的分散性,尺寸大小为2~3 nm。在最佳反应条件下,铜纳米团簇可以选择性地被银离子猝灭,且灵敏度高,线性范围为1~40μmol/L,检测限为0.5μmol/L。该方法用于检测实际水样(自来水、湖水)中银离子的浓度,结果令人满意,表明在环境监测中有非常高的应用价值。     

荧光可调铜纳米簇对潜指印的可视化识别

本文以支化聚乙烯亚胺(BPEI)为模板,抗坏血酸(AA)为还原剂,谷胱甘肽(GSH)为稳定剂,硫酸铜(Cu SO4)为原料,通过温度控制,制备了一种荧光可调的新型铜纳米簇(Cu NCs).在激发光为365、415、450 nm条件下, Cu NCs分别产生蓝色、绿色、黄色荧光.将其应用于潜指印的可视化识别,成功解决了目前潜指印显示试剂的同色背景干扰问题.采用RGB色彩分析与灰度差分统计,实现了指印图像的数据化分析,提供了一种客观评价潜指印可视化效果的新方法,为该领域建立数据化的评价体系提供了参考.     

一步法合成D-青霉胺稳定的铜纳米团簇 用于ClO-的检测

以D-青霉胺为还原剂和保护剂通过化学还原一步法合成铜纳米团簇(Cu NCs)。采用TEM和XPS对铜纳米团簇的结构进行表征,通过荧光光谱对铜纳米团簇的光学特性进行分析。该铜纳米团簇具有很好的稳定性。在探究该铜纳米团簇的应用方面,实验结果表明:ClO~-能够有效地猝灭铜纳米团簇的荧光。在ClO~-浓度范围1-9 mM时,荧光强度(F_0-F)/F_0与ClO~-的浓度呈线性关系,检出限为2 mM。因此,该铜纳米团簇可以高选择性、高灵敏度地识别并检测ClO~-。该方法用于实际水样中ClO~-的检测,精密度、重现性和准确性均较好,可作为测定水中ClO~-含量的快速检测方法。     

硒化铜纳米晶体的高效抗菌活性研究

制备了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)包被的硒化铜纳米晶体(Cu_(2-x)Se NCs),并对其高效抗菌活性机制进行了研究。革兰氏阴性细菌大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli,E.coli)和革兰氏阳性细菌金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,S.aurues)被用作模型菌株,通过探究其最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC),以及杀菌动力学评估了Cu_(2-x)Se NCs的抗菌性能。实验结果显示,金黄色葡萄球菌对Cu_(2-x)Se NCs更为敏感,这是由于大肠杆菌具有双层膜而金黄色葡萄球菌仅拥有单层膜。此外,当Cu_(2-x)Se NCs浓度为32μg/mL时,不管是革兰氏阳性菌还是革兰氏阴性菌,都会在1 h内全部死亡,证明Cu_(2-x)Se NCs拥有较强的杀菌性能。     

铜纳米簇荧光猝灭法测定林可霉素

以CuCl_2为原料,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为模板,2-巯基苯并噻唑(MBT)为稳定剂,葡萄糖为还原剂,采用化学还原法制备一种新的铜纳米簇(Cu NCs)荧光探针,并用于快速检测林可霉素。该Cu NCs在激发波长为335 nm下,于发射波长为580 mm处发出黄绿色荧光,林可霉素通过与MBT反应,破坏了其对Cu NCs的保护作用使其荧光猝灭,且猝灭程度与林可霉素的含量成正比,据此建立了一种快速检测林可霉素的新方法。测定林可霉素最佳条件为:pH=5.0的HAc缓冲溶液,温度30℃下反应40 min。林可霉素的浓度分别在4.0×10~(-8)～8.0×10~(-7) mol/L和8.0×10~(-7)～2.0×10~(-5) mol/L范围内与荧光猝灭程度(ΔF)呈良好线性关系,方法的检出限为1.01×10~(-8) mol/L。采用本法和国家标准方法测定同一样品,t检验法结果P0.05,说明两种方法没有显著性差异。此纳米探针制作简单,原料便宜,用于盐酸林可霉素针剂和牛奶中林可霉素的检测,回收率为99.6%～103.4%。     

ZnSe;Cu纳米晶/聚电解质多层膜制备和结构研究

采用分子沉积方法制备了ZnSe;Cu纳米晶/聚电解质多层膜,通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和透射电镜(TEM)等方法对薄膜的组成及结构进行了表征.XPS结果证实了回流处理对ZnSe;Cu微粒的表面结构以及铜离子价态的影响,从而很好地解释了经表面修饰后,微粒荧光增强的现象.TEM结果确定ZnSe;Cu的平均尺寸为3nm.X射线粉末衍射结果进一步确认ZnSe;Cu具有纤锌矿晶体结构.     

基于N-十二酰基-l-脯氨酸为载体的对映异构PVC膜选择性电极的研制

合成了手性物质N-十二酰基-l-脯氨酸(N-DDO-l-Pro)(脯氨酸, Pro), 作为PVC膜电极的载体, 在PVC膜表面与被测试液中Cu(II)与脯氨酸形成的配合物[Cu(II)(l-Pro)₂]或[Cu(II)(d-Pro)₂]进行配体交换, 形成[(l-Pro)Cu(II) (N-DDO-l-Pro)]或[(d-Pro)Cu(II)(N-DDO-l-Pro)]配合物. 由于生成的配合物热力学稳定性不同, 电极能优先响应l-Pro, 线性范围10^－4～10^―1 mol•L^－1, 斜率57 mV•dec^－1, 检测限3.89×10^－5 mol•L^－1. 电极能够对脯氨酸进行手性检测, 其对映选择性系数lg为－3.19.     

ZnSe∶Cu纳米晶/聚电解质多层膜制备和结构研究

采用分子沉积方法制备了 Zn Se∶Cu纳米晶 /聚电解质多层膜 ,通过 X射线光电子能谱 ( XPS)和透射电镜 ( TEM)等方法对薄膜的组成及结构进行了表征 . XPS结果证实了回流处理对 Zn Se∶ Cu微粒的表面结构以及铜离子价态的影响 ,从而很好地解释了经表面修饰后 ,微粒荧光增强的现象 .TEM结果确定 Zn Se∶Cu的平均尺寸为 3nm.X射线粉末衍射结果进一步确认 Zn Se∶Cu具有纤锌矿晶体结构 .     

一锅法合成聚乙烯吡咯烷酮修饰的铜纳米团簇用于槲皮素的检测

作为检测槲皮素的有效途径,在荧光法中如何通过简单的方法合成性能优良的荧光探针具有重要的意义。 本文以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为保护剂,抗坏血酸为还原剂,化学还原法合成PVP保护的分散性好、稳定性高、强荧光的铜纳米团簇(PVP-Cu NCs)。 样品表现出良好的水溶性,光稳定性和强离子稳定性。 通过紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)、分子荧光光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)对铜纳米团簇的光学性质和结构进行了分析。 结果表明:该铜纳米团簇的最大激发和发射波长分别为366和429 nm,平均粒径大小为2 nm。 基于槲皮素对该铜纳米团簇的猝灭作用,构建了一种可用于检测槲皮素的荧光传感器。 该传感体系检测槲皮素的线性范围为0.1～0.9 μmol/L和15～60 μmol/L,检测限为0.053 μmol/L(S/N=3)。 该传感器对槲皮素的检测具有很高的灵敏度和良好的选择性,可用于实际样品中槲皮素的检测。     

玛卡荧光碳点的合成及用于苦味酸的荧光检测

以玛卡为碳源,采用水热法制备荧光碳点。碳点水溶液在激发波长为315 nm时,最大荧光发射波长为425 nm。在玛卡荧光碳点的磷酸盐缓冲液(0.2 mol/L,pH 5.8)中,加入苦味酸,其荧光被猝灭,基于此建立了以玛卡荧光碳点为荧光探针测定苦味酸的方法。本方法检测苦味酸的线性范围为0.4~80 mmol/L,相关系数为0.9978,检出限为110 nmol/L(S/N=3),本方法线性范围宽、灵敏度高、响应快(2 min内),选择性和抗干扰能力良好。用于实际水样中苦味酸的检测,加标回收率为92.0%~110.0%,结果令人满意。     

Hydrothermal synthesis of fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots from ascorbic acid and valine for selective determination of picric acid in water samples

Nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) were synthesised by a hydrothermal method using ascorbic acid and valine as precursors. The as-synthesised N-CQDs were characterised by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV?vis absorption spectra, as well as fluorescence spectrophotometer. The results revealed that the as-prepared N-CQDs were spherical shaped with an average diameter of 4 nm and emitted bright blue photoluminescence with a quantum yield of approximately 4.8 %. Additionally, we found that the fluorescence of the N-CQDs was intensively quenched by the addition of picric acid (PA). The decrease of the fluorescence intensity made it possible to determine PA in the linear range of 0.06–7.81 µg ml^–1 based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer between PA and N-CQDs. The detection limit was as low as 11.46 ng ml^–1. The proposed approach was further successfully applied for the determination of PA in water sample collected from Fenhe river for public safety and security, suggesting its great potential towards water routine analysis.     

Synthesis of Aqueous CdTe Nanocrystals with High Efficient Blue‐Green Emission of Exciton

As one of the most popular nanocrystals (NCs), aqueous CdTe NCs have very weak green emission under conventional synthesis conditions. In this work, we report the first example of blue‐emitting CdTe NCs directly synthesized in aqueous solution by slowing down the growth rate after nucleation. The key for the synthesis is the optimization of NC growth conditions, namely pH range of 7.5 to 8.5, TGA/Cd ratio of 3.6, Cd/Te ratio of 10, and Te concentration of 2×10^?5 mol/L, to get a slow growth rate after nucleation. The as‐prepared blue‐emitting CdTe NCs have small size (as small as 1.9 nm) and bright emission [with 4% photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) at 486 nm and 17% PLQY at 500 nm]. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the as‐prepared CdTe show monodispersed NCs which exhibit cubic zinc blend structure. Moreover, time‐resolved PL decay and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results show the as‐prepared NCs have better surface modification by ligand, which makes these luminescent small CdTe NCs have higher photoluminescence quantum yield, compared with NCs synthesized under conventional conditions.     

Preparation of Monodispersed Copper Nanoparticles by an Environmentally Friendly Chemical Reduction

In this paper, highly dispersive nanosized copper particles with a mean particle size of less than 6 nm are prepared by an environmentally friendly chemical reduction method. Non-toxic L-ascorbic acid acts as both reducing agent and antioxidant in ethylene glycol in the absence of any other capping agent. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） is used to characterize the size and morphology of Cu nanoparticles. The results of UV-Vis spectroscopy （UV-Vis）, energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS） and high resolution TEM （HRTEM） illustrate that the resultant product is pure Cu nanocrystals. The size of Cu nanoparticles is remarkably impacted by the order of reagent addition, and the investigation reveals the reaction procedure of Cu^2＋ ions and L-ascorbic acid.     

Carbon Dots Derived from Coffee Residue for Sensitive and Selective Detection of Picric Acid and Iron(III) Ions

Afacile method was developed to prepare carbon dots(CDs) by pyrolysis and etching of coffee residue. The as-prepared CDs show uniform spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 2.3 nm and exhibit excitation-dependent fluorescence emissions. Moreover, CDs also exhibit strong fluorescence quenching to nitro compounds and metal ions in both water and ethanol solutions, which could act as a platform for dual detection of PA(picric acid) and Fe³⁺ ions with low detection limits of 0.26 and 0.83 μmol/L, respectively. This work provides a novel method for preparation of environmental-friendly fluorescent CDs and shows their potential applications in photoluminescence sensors.     

氮掺杂碳点的制备及其对阿莫西林高灵敏检测

以天然物质石斛为原料,一步水热法合成高荧光量子产率的氮掺杂碳点(NCDs),通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外-可见光吸收图谱(UV-Vis)及荧光光谱(PL)对合成的NCDs进行表征。 实验结果显示合成的NCDs发强烈的蓝色荧光,呈现为球形或准球形,均匀分散,尺寸范围在1~5 nm;其表面含有丰富的COOH、OH和NH₂等水溶性基团,最佳激发和发射波长分别为350和435 nm,且具有良好的发光稳定性。 通过测定,合成的NCDs的荧光量子产率高达29.19%。在pH=7.4的缓冲溶液中测定不同物质对NCDs的荧光影响,相同条件下发现只有阿莫西林能够对NCDs荧光进行明显猝灭,表明合成的NCDs可选择性的识别阿莫西林,通过NCDs的荧光强度变化构建一种可灵敏检测阿莫西林的传感器,检测线性范围为2.6~30 μmol/L,检出限为0.15 μmol/L。     

Photochemical degradation of environmentally persistent perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in the presence of Fe(III)

Environmentally persistent and bioaccumulative perfluorooctanic acid (PFOA) was difficult to be decomposed under the irradiation of 254 nm UV light. However, in the presence of 80μmol /L Fe(III), 80% of PFOA with initial concentration of 48μmol/L (20 mg/L) was effectively degraded and 47.8% of fluorine atoms in PFOA molecule were transformed into inorganic fluoride ion after 4 h reaction. Shorter chain perfluorocarboxylic acids bearing C3-C7 and fluoride ion were detected and identified by LC/MS and IC as the degradation products in the aqueous solution. It was proposed that complexes of PFOA with Fe(III) initiated degradation of PFOA irradiated with 254 nm UV light.     

Facile synthesis of near infrared fluorescent trypsin-stabilized Ag nanoclusters with tunable emission for 1,4-dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and ethanol sensing

A facile chemical synthetic route was developed to prepare near-infrared fluorescent trypsin-stabilized Ag nanoclusters (Try-Ag NCs). The fluorescence emission wavelength of the produced Try-Ag NCs is tunable by simple adjusting pH value of the synthesis system, and the Try-Ag NCs offer a symmetric fluorescent excitation and emission peak. The fluorescence of Try-Ag NCs remains constant in the presence of various ions and molecules, and it can be effectively quenched by 1,4-dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) instead of its oxidized forms nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺). This property enables the Try-Ag NCs to be a novel analytical platform to monitor biological reaction involved with NADH. In this work, the Try-Ag NCs was also applied to analyze ethanol based on the generation of NADH which was the product of NAD⁺ and ethanol in the catalysis of alcohol dehydrogenase. And the proposed platform allowed ethanol to be determined in the range from 10 to 300 μmol/L with 5 μmol/L detection limit.