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1.
Abstract

Carbonyl compounds react with CBr2F2 in the presence of phosphanes, RP (R = Ph, NR;), and metals (M = Zn, Cd, Pb) forming geminal difluoroolefins (eq. 1)1.

R′CHO + CBr2F2 + R3P + M → R′CH=CF2 + MBr2 + R3PO (1)

Without any doubt this reaction has to occur via the intermediate formation of difluoromethylene phosphoranes, which then undergo the Wittig reaction with carbonyl compounds (eq. 2). R3P=CF2 + R′CHO → R3PO + R′CH=CF2 (2).  相似文献   

2.
Abstract

The System CF3I/Me3P is re-investigated and Me2PCF3, Me4P+γ, (CF3)2PMe3, Me3PI2, [Me3(CF3)P]+γ are found as products. Using CF3Br/P(NEt2)3 the phosphines R1 2PCF3 and R1P(CF3)2 (e.g. R1 = Me, iPr, NEt2) can be obtained which are precursors either for phosphoranes (e.g. 1,2λ5σ5-oxaphosphetanes) or phosphonium salts (e.g. [R1 2(Me)PCF3]+X? or [R1(Me)P(CF3)2X?]. The latter are deprotonated to furnish methylene phosphoranes R1 2(CH2=)PCF3 or R1(CH2=)P(CF3)2, reactive synthons. From CF3Br/P(NEt2)3/P(OPh)3 the phosphine P(CF3)3 is available, which turned out to be a potent electrophile. Amido phospites ROP(NEt2)2 and halides R2X (R2=CCl2CF3, X=Cl; R2=CF=CFCF3, X=F; R2=C6F5, X=Br, I; R2=C(CF3)3, X=Br; R2=SCF3, X=CF3) undergo an ARBUZOV reaction.  相似文献   

3.
Inhaltsübersicht. Es wird über die Darstellung von primären und sekundären Dialkylthalliumamiden, R2Tl—NR′R″, berichtet und die neuen Verbindungen durch analytische und spektroskopische (H-NMR, IR, MS) Methoden charakterisiert. Die verschiedenen Reaktionsmöglichkeiten der Tl—N-Bindung werden erläutert. Preparation and Spectroscopic Investigations on Dialkylthallium Compounds with Tl—N Bond Abstract. The preparation of primary and secondary dialkylthallium amides, R2Tl—NR′R″, is reported and the new compounds are characterized by analytical and spectroscopic (1H-n.m.r., i.r., m.s.) methods. Various possibilities of reactions of the Tl—N bond are discussed.  相似文献   

4.
5.
Reactions of the phosphinoacetylenes RR′PCCR″ (R  R′  Ph, R″  H, CF3, Ph, Me, t-Bu; R  R′  C6F5, R″  Ph, Me; R  Ph, R′  Me, R″  Me) with Co2(CO)8 have been studied. Complexes of four types have been characterised: (A)(RR′PC2R″)CO2(CO)6 (R  R′  C6F5, R″  Ph, Me; R  R′  Ph, R″  t-Bu), (B) (RR′PC2R″)2Co4(CO)10 (R  R′  Ph, R″  H, CF3, Ph, Me; R  R′  C6F5, R″  Me; R  Ph, R′  Me, R″  Me), (C) (RR′PC2R″)2Co2(CO)6 (R  R′  Ph, R″  t-Bu), (D) (RR′P(O)C2R″)Co2(CO)6 (R  R′  Ph, R″  t-Bu; R  R′  C6F5, R  Ph). The complexes were characterised by microanalysis, IR, NMR and where possible mass spectra. Substitution reactions of the complexes with tertiary phosphites are described. In complexes of type (A) only the alkyne function is utilised whereas the tetranuclear compounds (B) have structures in which both alkyne and phosphorus moieties are coordinated. Compounds of type (C) are simple disubstituted phosphine complexes of Co2(CO)8 and those of type (D) are μ-alkyne derivatives of acetylenic phosphine oxides. The mechanism of formation of complexes of type (B) is discussed in the light of IR data.  相似文献   

6.
Abstract

The thioesters R1R2P(X)SR (X=O,S) 1 to 4 are degradated oxidatively forming R1R2P(O)OH and R-SO3H. The influence of the following parameters on the oxidation course is investigated using standard conditions: pH, concentration of the hypochlorite, quality of the organic phase and cooperation of phase transfer catalysts and hypochlorite cations.

The thioesters 1 to 4 are degradated by hypochlorite with different rates depending on the type of the ligands R1 and R2 and the employment of an optimal pH. An analytical evaluation is possible.

Die Thioester R1R2P(X)SR (X=O,S) 1 bis 4 werden durch Hypochlorit oxidativ zu R1R2P(O)OH und RSO3H abgebaut. Der Einfluß folgender Parameter auf den Oxidationsverlauf unter Standardbedingungen wird untersucht: pH, Hypochloritkonzentration, Art der organischen Phase, Mitwirkung von Phasentransfer-Katalysatoren und der Hypochlorit Kationen.

Die Thioester 1 bis 4 werden mit Hypochlorit in Abhängigkeit vom Typ der Liganden R1 und R2 und nach Einstellen eines optimalen pH-Wertes unterschiedlich schnell abgebaut. Dieser Unterschied ist analytisch auswertbar.  相似文献   

7.
Phosphonium Salts with Hydrogen Dihalide Anions HCl2?, HBr2?, HI2?, or HBrCl? Phosphonium hydrogen dihalides [R3PR′][XHY] (X = Y = Cl, Br, I; X = Br, Y = Cl) resp. [R3PH]HBr2 are obtained as extremely hydrolyzable crystals by reaction of phosphonium halides or tertiary phosphanes with hydrogen halide. According to IR spectroscopic results the solid compounds mostly contain anions [XHX]? with symmetric hydrogen bonds. In solution 1H NMR measurements show a slight (X = Cl, Br) or considerable (X = I) dissociation according to HX2? ? X? + HX. On heating the solid compounds decompose with formation of hydrogen halide and [R3PR′]X or [R3PH]X. In this process the hydrogen bromidechlorides [R3PR′][BrHCl] exclusively eliminate HCl. NMR studies (1H und 31P) with solutions containing [R3PH]HBr2 (R = phenyl, 1-naphtyl) or HBr and Ph3P in varying molar ratios show that a fast proton exchange between the competing Lewis bases R3P and Br? exists.  相似文献   

8.
Perfluormethyl-Element-Ligands. XL. Chromium and Tungsten Pentacarbonyl Complexes of Bis(trifluoromethyl)phosphanes of the Type (F3C)2PX′ (X′ = H, F, Cl, Br, I, NEt2) The complexes M(CO)5P(CF3)2X′ (M = Cr, W; X′ = H, F, Cl, Br, I) are obtained in preparative amounts (yields between 15 and 42%) by reacting the ligands (F3C)2PX′ with the adducts “M(CO)5CH2Cl2”, photochemically generated from M(CO)6 in methylene chloride. The corresponding derivatives of the aminophosphane Et2NP(CF3)2 can be produced in good yields (60–75%) using the THF complexes M(CO)5THF as precursors. The spectroscopic data (MS, IR, NMR) of the new compounds are reported. The CO valence frequencies v(CO) and the coordination shifts Δδ prove the high π-acidity of the ligands (F3C)2PX′.  相似文献   

9.
Perfluoromethyl Element Ligands. XXX. Reactions of the Metal Hydridesπ-C5H5(CO)3MH (M = Cr, Mo, W) with Organoelement-Element Compounds of the Type R2 EER2 and RE′ ′E ′R (E = P, As; E′ = S, Se; R = CH3, CF3) Cleavage reactions of R2EER2 and RE′E′R, respectively, (E = P, As; E′ = S, Se; R = CH3, CF3) with complexes π-C5H5(CO)3MH (M = Cr, Mo, W) are used (a) to prepare known and novel complex subsituted phosphanes, arsanes, sulfanes, or selanes π-C5H5(CO)3MER2 (I) and π-C5H5(CO)3ME′R (II), respectively, (b) to study the reactivity trends as a function of E, E′, R, and M (see Inhaltsübersicht). The tendency observed for the formation of the binuclear complexes [π-C5H5(CO)2MER2]2 and [π-C5H5(CO)2ME′R]2, respectively, in following reactions of I and II increases in the series W ? Mo ≤ Cr and SeCF3 < As(CF3)2 < SCF3 ≈ P(CF3)2 < SeMe < AsMe2 ?; PMe2 ≈ SMe.  相似文献   

10.
Perfluoromethyl Element Ligands. XLII Binuclear Complexes of the Type Mn2(CO)8E(CF3)2E′R (E = P, As; E′ = S, Se, Te): Synthesis and Structure Complexes of the type Mn2(CO)8E(CF3)2E′R, in which the groups E(CF3)2 and E′R act as bridging ligands, are prepared either by direct reactions of Mn2(CO)10 with (F3C)2EE′R (E = P, As; E′ = S, Se, Te) or by substitution of the iodine bridge in the representatives Mn2(CO)8 E(CF3)2I (E = P, As) with mercury compounds Hg(E′R)2. As a rule the binuclear systems contain four‐membered heterocycles (Mn2EE′). However, the reactions of Mn2(CO)10 with (F3C)2PE′P(CF3)2 (E′ = S, Se) yield five‐membered rings [Mn2P(E′P)]. The compounds have been characterized by spectroscopic (NMR, IR, MS), analytic (C, H) and X‐ray diffraction investigations. The pyramidal Mn2E′R fragment shows dynamic behaviour in solution via inversion between two identical structures.  相似文献   

11.
After a review of 1-perfluoroalkene RFCFCF2 synthesis, with RFC4F9, C5F11, C6F13, we have studied their fine structures by 19F N.M.R. This study has led us to first generalize the rules set for the chemical shifts and coupling constants of olefinic fluorine atoms of fluoropropene and their derivatives. Then, we have been able to determinate unambiguously the chemical shifts of the difluoromethylene groups of the perfluorinated chains. We have thus shown, by irradiation, that inversions may take place in the chemical shifts of the CF2 groups at the β and γ position of the double bond.  相似文献   

12.
Several kinds of perfluoro-2,4-dialkyloxolanes (A), having such alkyl groups as RfR′fCF3 (2a); RfC2F5, R′fCF3 (3a); RfCF3, R′fC2F5 (4a); RfR′fC2F5 (5a); RfCF3, R′fnC3F7 (6a) on the 2 and 4 positions of the oxolane ring, respectively, were treated with AlCl3 in a heterogeneous reaction to give the corresponding perfluoro-2,5,5-trichloro-2,4-dialkyloxolanes (B). For purposes of comparison, the respective reactions of perfluoro-2-methyl-oxolane (la), perfluoro-2-n-butyloxolane (7a), and perfluoro-2, 5-dimethyloxolane (8a) with AlCl3 were also conducted. An increasingly higher reaction temperature was needed for the reaction of A with AlCl3 to give B as the carbon number of A increased. Cis- and trans-perfluoro-4-chloro-2,4-dimethyl-γ-butyrolactones (2c) were obtained from the hydrolytic reactions of cis- and trans-perfluoro-2,5,5-trichloro-2,4-dimethyloxolanes (2b), respectively, with fuming H2SO4. Physical properties and 19F nmr data are given for these new compounds.  相似文献   

13.
Die große Vielfalt organischer und metallorganischer Reaktionen kann bei Betrachtung aller Nucleophile und Elektrophile als Elektronendonoren (D) bzw. -acceptoren (A) mit einem vereinheitlichenden Mechanismus beschrieben werden. Der Vergleich von ?outer-sphere”?- und ?inner-sphere”?-Elektronenübertragungen mit Hilfe der Marcus-Theorie liefert die thermochemische Basis der ?Verallgemeinerten Freien-Enthalpie-Beziehung für die Elektronenübertragung”? (generalized Free Energy Relationship for Electron Transfer, FE-RET) – siehe Gleichung (37) sowie die daraus folgenden Gleichungen (43) und (44) –, die auf elektrophile aromatische Substitutionen, Additionen an Olefine, Spaltungen von Alkyl-metallverbindungen etc. breit anwendbar ist. FERET basiert auf der Umwandlung der durch schwache Nucleophil-Elektrophil-Wechselwirkungen gekennzeichneten, allgegenwärtigen Elektronen-Donor-Acceptor(EDA)-Vorläuferkomplexe [D, A] in Radikalionen-paare [D, A?], wofür die Änderung der Freien Enthalpie nach der Mulliken-Theorie aus den Charge-Transfer-Absorptionsspektren abgeschätzt werden kann. Die FERET-Analyse läßt darauf schließen, daß die Charge-Transfer-Ionenpaare [D, A?] den Übergangszuständen von Nucleophil/Elektrophil-Umwandlungen energetisch äquivalent sind. Das Verhalten solcher Ionenpaare kann in einigen Fällen unmittelbar nach einem 25ps-Laserpuls auf die Charge-Transfer-Bande des EDA-Vorläuferkomplexes direkt beobachtet werden. Derartige Studien bestätigen beispielsweise das Radikalpaar [Aren⊙⊕, NO] als existenzfähiges Intermediat der elektrophilen Nitrierung von Arenen, wie anhand des Mechanismus der Elektronenübertragung von Arenen auf das Nitryl-Kation NO als Elektrophil beschrieben wird.  相似文献   

14.
Perfluoromethyl Element Ligands. XLI. [1] Compounds of the Type (F3C)2EE′R with Pseudohalide Character (E = P, As; E′ = S, Se, Te) Perfluoromethyl phosphorus and -arsenic compounds of the type (F3C)2EE′R (E = P, As; E′ = S, Se, Te; R = organic group) are prepared either by dismutation (metathesis) of E2(CF3)4 with (RE′)2 or by reaction of the iodine compounds (F3C)2EI with mercury(II) organosulfanides Hg(SR)2 and characterized by spectroscopic (1H, 19F, 31P-NMR; IR; MS) as well as analytical investigations (C, H).  相似文献   

15.
Abstract

A new method for producing fluoro(organyl) phosphanes is presented. They are prepared by Cl/F-exchange from the corresponding chloro compounds using Et3N.nHF as a fluorinating agent. Phosphanyl fluorophospharanes, R2P-PR2F2, are found to be intermediates of the disproportionation of Fluoro (diorganyl) phosphanes. R2PF react with aldehydes to form phosphinito phosphoranes, R2PF2-CHR'-OPR2. Oxaphospholenes are formed in their reaction with α, β- unsaturated aldehydes. Furthermore, the reactions with 1.2-diketones, carboxylic acid derivatives, and covalent azides are described.  相似文献   

16.
The reaction of alkynyldifluoroboranes RC≡CBF2 (R = (CH3)3C, CF3, (CF3)2CF) with organyliodine difluoride R′IF2 bearing electron‐withdrawing polyfluoroorganyl groups R′ = C6F5, (CF3)2CFCF=CF, C4F9, and CF3CH2 leads to the corresponding alkynyl(organyl)iodonium salts [(RC≡C)(R′)I][BF4]. This approach uses a widely applicable method as demonstrated for a representative series of polyfluorinated aryl‐, alkenyl‐, and alkyliodine difluorides. Generally, these syntheses proceed with good yields and deliver pure iodonium salts. The distinct electrophilic nature of their [(RC≡C)(R′)I]+ cations is deduced from multinuclear magnetic resonance data. Within the series of new iodonium salts [CF3C≡C(C4F9)I][BF4] is an intrinsic unstable one and decomposed forming CF3C≡CI and C4F10.  相似文献   

17.
Inhaltsübersicht. Das erstmals hergestellte B(SeCF3)3 zerfällt unter dem katalytischen Einfluß von Alkalifluoriden zu F2C=Se und BF3. In Anwesenheit von BF3 polymerisiert F2CSe bereits. bei ?;80°C. Oberhalb 150°C depolymerisiert (F2CSe)n wieder zu F2C=Se und. Durch Halogenaddition an F2C = Se gewinnt man F2XCSeX (X = Cl, Br). Das in der Reihe Cl3–nFnCSeCl noch fehlende Cl2FCSeCl wird durch Umsetzung von CSe2, ClF und Cl2 synthetisiert. FnCl3–nCSeCl (n = 1. 2) liefert mit Zinn die entsprechenden symmetrischen Diselane, mit AgCN die Selenocyanate. Durch Halogenaustausch mit BX3 (X = Cl, Br) wird umgewandelt. XC(S)Cl reagiert mit Hg(SeCF3)2 zu CF3SeC(S)X (X = F, Cl. CF3Se). Daraus werden durch Chloraddition die entsprechenden Sulfenylchloride synthetisiert. IR-NMR- und Massenspektren der neu hergestellten Substanzen werden angegeben. Preparation and Reactions of SeCF2 and its Cyclic Dimer 2,2,4,4-Tetrafluoro-1,3-diselenetane Abstract. B(SeCF3)3, prepared for the first time, decomposes under the influence of alkali metal fluorides to F2C=Se and BF3. In presence of BF3, SeCF2 polymerizes even at ?80°C. Above 150°C (F2CSe)n depolymerizes to F2C = Se and Halogen addition to F2C=Se produces F2XCSeX (X = Cl, Br). The compound Cl2FCSeCl could be synthesized by the reaction of CSe2 with ClF and Cl2. These selenenylchlorides react with tin producing the corresponding symmetric diselenides whereas with AgCN the selenocyanates are formed. can be transformed to through halogen exchange reaction with BX3 (X = Cl, Br). XC(S)Cl reacts with Hg(SeCF3)2 to give CF3SeC(S)X (X = F, Cl. CF3Se), from which the corresponding sulfenylchlorides can be synthesized by chlorine addition. I.r., n.m.r., and mass spectra of the newly prepared compounds are reported.  相似文献   

18.
Abstract

31P-NMR-Messungen an CH2Cl2-Lösungen der Systeme R3P/CCl4/4-MeC6H4OH (R = Ph, Me2N) liefern keinen Hinweis auf eine Beteiligung von Phosphoran-Strukturen bei der Bildung von Aryloxyphosphoniumsalzen aus diesen Komponenten oder auf das Vorliegen von Gleichgewichten zwischen Aryloxyphosphonium- und Phosphoran-Strukturen in

Lösung. Die δ 31P-Werte für Ph n (Me2N)3-n P–Z SbClΘ6 (Z = Cl, 4-MeC6H4O, 4-MeC6H4S; n = 0–3) werden mitgeteilt.

31P-NMR spectra of the systems R3P/CCl4/4-MeC6H4OH (R = Ph, Me2N) in CH2Cl2 give no indication of the participation of phosphorane species in the aryloxyphosphonium salt formation or of the existence of equilibria in solution between aryloxyphosphonium and phosphoran species. δ 31P-chemical shifts of Ph n (Me2N)3-n P–Z SbClΘ6 (Z = Cl, 4-MeC6H4O, 4-MeC6H4S; n = 0–3) are reported.  相似文献   

19.
The reaction of bis(trimethylsilyl)aminofluorsilanes, (Me3Si)2NSiF2R (R = CH3 or F), with sodium alcoholates or sodium phenylate yields under elimination of NaF alkoxy- and aryloxy-aminofluorosilanes of the composition (Me3Si)2NSiF(R)OR′(R′ = CH3, C2H5, C3H7, C6H5). A disiloxane is formed by thermal elimination of diethyl ether from bis(trimethylsilyl)aminomethylfluoroethoxysilane. The IR, mass, 1H and 19F NMR spectra of the above-mentioned compounds are reported. ab]Die Reaktion von Bis(trimethylsilyl)-aminofluorsilanen des Typs (Me3Si)2NSiF2R (R = F, CH3) mit Natriumalkoholaten und Natriumphenolat führt unter NaF-Abspaltung zu Alkyl- und Aryloxyaminofluorsilanen der Zusammensetzung: (Me3Si)2NSiF(R)OR′ (R′ = CH3, C2H7, C6H5, C6H5). Ein Disiloxan könnte durch die thermische Eliminierung von Diäthyläther aus Bis(trimethylsilyl)aminomethyl-fluor-äthoxy-silylarnin erhalten werden.Die IR-, Massen-, 1H- und 19F-NMR-Spektren der dargestellten Verbindungen werden mitgeteilt.  相似文献   

20.
Reactions of Lithium Hydridosilylamides RR′(H)Si–N(Li)R″ with Chlorotrimethylsilane in Tetrahydrofuran and Nonpolar Solvents: N‐Silylation and/or Formation of Cyclodisilazanes The lithiumhydridosilylamides RR′(H)Si–N(Li)R″ ( 2 a : R = R′ = CHMe2, R″ = SiMe3; 2 b : R = R′ = Ph, R″ = SiMe3; 2 c : R = R′ = CMe3, R″ = SiMe3; 2 d : R = R′ = R″ = CMe3; 2 e : R = Me, R′ = Si(SiMe3)3, R″ = CMe3; 2 f – 2 h : R = R′ = Me, f : R″ = 2,4,6‐Me3C6H2, g : R″ = SiH(CHMe2)2, h : R″ = SiH(CMe3)2; 2 i : R = R′ = CMe3, R″ = SiH(CMe3)2) were prepared by reaction of the corresponding hydridosilylamines RR′(H)Si–NHR″ 2 a – 2 i with n‐butyllithium in equimolar ratio in n‐hexane. The unknown amines 1 e – 1 i and amides 2 f – 2 i have been characterized spectroscopically. The wave numbers of the Si–H stretching vibrations and 29Si–1H coupling constants of the amides are less than of the analogous amines. This indicates a higher hydride character for the hydrogen atom of the Si–H group in the amide in comparison to the amines. The 29Si‐NMR chemical shifts lie in the amides at higher field than in the amines. The amides 2 a – 2 c and 2 e – 2 g react with chlorotrimethylsilane in THF to give the corresponding N‐silylation products RR′(H)Si–N(SiMe3)R″ ( 3 a – 3 c , 3 e – 3 g ) in good yields. In the reaction of 2 i with chlorotrimethylsilane in molar ratio 1 : 2,33 in THF hydrogen‐chlorine exchange takes place and after hydrolytic work up of the reaction mixture [(Me3C)2(Cl)Si]2NH ( 5 a ) is obtained. The reaction of the amides 2 a – 2 c , 2 f and 2 g with chlorotrimethylsilane in m(p)‐xylene and/or n‐hexane affords mixtures of N‐substitution products RR′(H)Si–N(SiMe3)R″ ( 3 a – 3 c , 3 f , 3 g ) and cyclodisilazanes [RR′Si–NR″]2 ( 6 a – 6 c , 6 f , 6 g ) as the main products. In case of the reaction of 2 h the cyclodisilazane 6 h was obtained only. 2 c – 2 e show a very low reactivity toward chlorotrimetyhlsilane in m‐xylene and toluene resp.. In contrast to Me3SiCl the reactivity of 2 d toward Me3SiOSO2CF3 and Me2(H)SiCl is significant higher. 2 d react with Me3SiOSO2CF3 and Me2(H)SiCl in n‐hexane under N‐silylation to give RR′(H)Si–N(SiMe3)R″ ( 3 d ) and RR′(H)Si–N(SiHMe2)R″ ( 3 d ′) resp. The crystal structures of [Me2Si–NSiMe3]2 ( I ) ( 6 f , 6 g and 6 h ) have been determined.  相似文献   

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