Lipids of silkworm cocoons

The lipid complex of silkworm cocoons had been investigated. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the total neutral lipids and glyco- and phospholipids have been determined. Considerable differences have been noted in the amounts of individual fatty acids in the neutral lipids and the phospholipids.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 664–666, September–October, 1995. Original article submitted November 7, 1994.     

Lipids of some aquatic plants of the Central Volga region

The lipid characteristics of five species of aquatic plants of the Central Volga region have been investigated. The total amount of lipids and the ratio of neutral lipids and glyco- and phospholipids have been found and the amounts of individual phospholipids and also the fatty-acid composition and the distribution of the fatty acids over the lipid classes have been determined.Institute of the Ecology of the Volga Basin, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tol'yatti. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 206–209, March–April, 1995. Original article submitted August 15, 1994.     

Phospholipids ofPhaseolus aureus. II

The fractional and fatty-acid compositions of the total phospholipids of the mung bean of the Angelika variety have been studied. It has been established that the compositions of the fatty acids of the total phospholipids of this variety and of the variety of mung bean studied previously, and their individual fractions, differed quantitatively from one another.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 177–179, March–April, 1984.     

An investigation of the structure of the phospholipids of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-2

Summary 1. The fatty-acid compositions of the total phospholipids of the seed kernels of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-2, after the elimination of carbohydrates, and of their main components have been studied.2. It has been found that at 37–38°C the time of enzymatic hydrolysis is considerably shortened.3. A study of the products of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis has shown the structure of the individual phospholipids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 145–148, March–April, 1976.     

Phospholipids of the seeds of the healthy and the wilt-affected cotton plant

A comparative study has been made of the phospholipid complexes of the seeds of a healthy cotton plant of the variety Tashkent-1 and one attacked by verticillium wilt. Some differences have been found in the amounts of the components of the total phospholipids and in the distribution of the fatty acids in the individual fractions of the phospholipids of the healthy and wilt-affected plants.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 325–327, May–June, 1980.     

Phospholipids of the seeds of two species of Erysimum

Summary The phospholipid complexes of the seeds ofErysimum diffusum andE. sylvestris have been investigated. It has been found that the amount of phospholipids in the seeds ofE. diffusum is lower than in those ofE. sylvestris, but their qualitative compositions are similar. The fatty-acid compositions of the triglycerides and of the total phospholipids of the two plants investigated have been studied. It has been established that the total phospholipids of the species ofErysimum under consideration and individual fractions of them differ by the degree of saturation and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the acids that they contain and, consequently, the phospholipids present in greatest amount differ in their molecular compositions.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 623–627, September–October, 1977.     

Structural investigations of the phospholipids of the sunflower

Summary Investigations of the phospholipids of sunflower seeds have been performed which have confirmed the known structures of the phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamines. It has been established that the inositophosphatides have the structure of monophosphoinositides. The fatty acid compositions of the individual groups of phospholipids have been studied: they consist mainly of the same selection of acids as the phospholipid complex with the glycerides of the sunflower. The phospholipids form a sequence with respect to increasing saturation: phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, bis-phosphatidic acids, monophosphoinositides.A solvent system for the identification of the water-soluble products of the acid hydrolysis of phospholipids by chromatography in a thin layer of silica gel has been proposed.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 3–7, January, 1971.     

Phospholipid composition of prostaglandin extracts of some marine invertebrates with different degrees of prostaglandin-like activity

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the phospholipids of eight species of marine invertebrates have been determined. A correlation has been shown between the amounts of particular phospholipids and the prostaglandinlike activities of the extracts. The activities of the extracts have been expressed quantitatively as a function of the set of phospholipids in them.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, USSR Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 322–325, May–June, 1990.     

Fatty acid composition of the phospholipids of the vegetative organs of the cotton plant of variety 159-F at the stage of mass fruit formation

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the fatty acids (FAs) of the individual phospholipids (PLs) of the vegetative organs of the cotton plant of variety 159-F have been studied. In the PLs of the stems there was a wide range of FAs (26), a large proportion of which have retention times in GLC shorter than those of the 16:0 FA. The position distribution of the FAs in the phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositols of the vegetative organs have been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 173–176, March–April, 1984.     

A study of the phospholipids of kenaf

Summary The fatty-acid composition of the combined phospholipids and also of the main and two minor components of the phospholipids have been studied. On the basis of the results of acid hydrolysis and also IR spectroscopy, the glycerophospholipid structure of the main components of the total material has been confirmed. These main components have been subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis: the position distribution of the fatty acids have been determined and, from these, the possible diglyceride compositions of the phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositols have been calculated. It has been shown that the phospholipids are accompanied by 35–40% of carbohydrates which have been characterized qualitatively as disaccharides.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 289–293, May–June, 1976.     

Phospholipids of kenaf of variety Opytnyi-1847

The total phospholipids of kenaf of variety Opytnyi-1847 and homogeneous fractions of them have been studied. A known law has been confirmed — positions 2 of the main fractions of phospholipids are esterified predominantly with unsaturated fatty acids and in N-aceylated phospholipids the amide-bound acids are more saturated than the O-acyls.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 775–777, November–December, 1980.     

Phospholipids of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-3. II. Structure of the main phospholipid fractions

Summary 1. Individual fractions of phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols, and the X₂ and X₃ phospholipids have been obtained from the combined phospholipids, freed from carbohydrates, of the seed kernels of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-3.2. The compositions and position distributions of the fatty acids in the main fractions of phospholipids have been studied.3. The possible molecular composition of the phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositols have been calculated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 155–158, March–April, 1976.     

Study of the fractional and fatty-acid compositions of the phospholipids ofPsoralea seeds

Summary The fractional and fatty-acid compositions of the phospholipids of Psoralea seeds have been studied for the first time. It has been established that the total phospholipids consist of phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols, N-acyl-PEs, N-acyllyso-PEs, lysophosphatidylcholines, and, possibly, phosphatidylglycerols, and also of two unidentified phospholipids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 12–14, January–February, 1979.     

Phospholipids ofGoebelia seeds

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the phospholipids of the seeds ofGoebelia pachycarpa and the fatty-acid composition of the total phospholipids and of homogeneous fractions have been studied. The molecular weights of the main fractions have been calculated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 615–618, September–October, 1979.     

Synergism of phospholipids in extracts of marine invertebrates

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the phospholipids of prostaglandin extracts of 18 species of marine invertebrates have been determined. A correlation has been shown between the set of phospholipids in the extract and prostaglandin-like activity. For samples with a high prostaglandin-like activity in the set of phospholipids the presence of either diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine or a combination of these lipids is necessary.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry. Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 205–208, March–April, 1993.     

Change in the lipid composition of lichens in the spring period

The dynamics of the amount of total lipids, the ratio of the main classes of lipids, the amount of fatty acids, and the ratio of individual phospholipids in three epiphytic species of lichens from the Zhigulevsk reserve have been followed. It has been shown that all the classes of lipids of the lichens change to some degree or other in this period. The dynamics of the fatty acids has also confirmed a known rule: an increase in the amount of saturated and a decrease in the number of unsaturated fatty acids of the membranes with a rise in the temperature of the environment. This is the first time that the dynamics of the hydroxy acids have been followed.Institute of the Ecology of the Volga Basin, Tol'yatti. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 660–664, September–October, 1993.     

Phospholipids of the pericarp ofCrataegus turkestanica

Phospholipids of the pericarp of Crataegus turkestanica have been studied and 12 classes of phospholipids have been detected, the main ones being phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol. The composition and position distribution of the fatty acids of the main phospholipids have been studied.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykyh Soedinenii,No. 4, pp. 562–563, July–August 1995. Original article submitted October 24, 1994.     

Composition of the phospholipids of the cotton plant Gossipium barbadense

Summary 1. The fatty-acid compositions of the oil, the total phospholipids, and the main groups of phospholipids of the seed kernels of the fine-fibered cotton plant of variety 5904-I have been determined. The complete qualitative identity of the acids present in them and quantitative similarity of the acids in the oil and in the total phospholipids have been shown: in the degree of increasing saturation the phospholipids form the following sequence: phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols.2. It has been established by enzymatic hydrolysis with phospholipase A₂ of kufi venom that the unsaturated fatty acids are present in position of the PCh, PE, and PI molecules — to the extent of 90.6%, 96.5%, and 85.4%, respectively.3. From the position distribution of the fatty acids in the phospholipids, their possible molecular compositions have been calculated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 693–697, November–December, 1975.     

A comparative study of the phospholipids of kenaf seeds

Summary The qualitative and qualitative compositions of the phospholipids of kenaf seeds of the variety Opytnyi-1961 have been investigated. It has been established that the main components of the total phospholipids are phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositols, and minor components are N-acyl-PEs and their lyso analogs The structural analysis of these homogeneous fractions has been performed, and the molecular compositions of the main fractions have been calculated. On comparing the results obtained with those of other varieties of kenaf investigated previously, some differences have appeared in the qualitative, quantitative, molecular, and fatty-acid compositions of the total phospholipids and of individual fractions of them.The differences found are possibly due to the variety of characteristics of the plant. For the N-acyllyso-PEs the structure of 2-acylglycerophosphoryl-N-acylethanolamines has been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 559–562, September–October, 1978.     

Phospholipids of the seeds ofFumaria vaillantii

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the phospholipids from the seeds ofFumaria vaillantii L. have been determined. The total fatty acid compositions of all the classes of phospholipids and the position-distributions of the phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylinositols, and phosphatidylethanolamines have been investigated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 800–802, November–December, 1997.