基于Linear Sampling方法的二维可穿透区域反演

提出用时间调和声散射远场信息来反演二维可穿透目标的一种Linear Sampling方法,通过提取包含可穿透目标的一个样本区域的支集的点列来实现反演的,因为其在区域内与区域外有显著的不同取值,由此而获得区域的逼近.这个算法特别吸引人之处是不需关于障碍物的任何先验信息.并且只需散射场在某个有限孔径中的部分远场信息,即可获得穿透区域的一个逼近.一些数值算例保证了这个反演算法是有效的和实用的.     

刚性目标形状反演的一种非线性最优化方法

发展了从声散射场的远场分布的信息来再现声刚性目标形状反问题的一种非线性最优化方法,它是通过独立地求解一个不适定的线性系统和一个适定的非线性最小化问题来实现的。对反问题的非线性和不适定性的这种分离式数值处理,使所建立方法的数值实现是非常容易和快速的,因为在确定声刚性障碍物形状的非线性最优化步中,只需求解一个只有一个未知函数的小规模的最小平方问题。该方法的另一个特别的性质是,只需要远场分布的一个Fourier系数,即可对未知的刚性目标作物形设别。进而提出了数值实现该方法的一种两步调整迭代算法。对具有各种形状的二维刚性障碍物的数值试验保证了本算法是有效和实用的。     

海洋波导的可穿透障碍物散射场远场分布的若干性质

研究了海洋波导中可穿透目标时谐声波散射传播远场分布的性质,构造了透射问题解的集合,使得所构造解的集合在边界上的限制在某个Hilbert空间中是稠密的,确定了传播远场分布的集合在某个Hilbert空间中是完备的．这些性质对研究海洋波导中的逆透射问题有重要的应用．     

用正则化方法求解声波散射反问题

研究了从声波散射场的远场模式的信息来再现散射物边界形状的反问题.首先构造表达散射物特征的指示函数,然后利用该函数之特性,建立求解该类反问题的基本方程,从而确定散射物的边界形状.在这个算法中,不需预先知道散射物的边界类型和形状等知识,从T ikhonov正则化方法进行的数值计算结果表明了该方法是有效的和实用的.     

一维波动方程联合反演的分步正则化法

本文只用一个纵波信息,对一维波动方程的速度和震源函数进行联合反演.并考虑到波动方程的反问题是一不适定问题,对震源函数和波速分别用正则化法分步迭代求解,大大减少了反问题的计算工作量,改善了该反问题的计算稳定性.为计算实际一维地震数据提供了一种方法.文中给出了只用一个反问题补充条件同时进行多参数反演的详细公式,并对相应的数值算例进行了分析和比较.     

Maxwell方程反演的小波多尺度方法

研究Maxwell方程电导率的识别问题.主要的难点是目标函数中存在一些局部极小值.将小波多尺度方法应用到Maxwell方程反演过程,通过小波变换,反问题被分解到多个尺度上,于是原反问题可以在子一级的尺度上,由大尺度到小尺度逐级求解.在每个尺度上我们采用稳定、快速的Gauss-Newton迭代法.数值算例的结果显示了这种方法大范围收敛、计算效率高、结果准确,是一种可行的计算方法.     

利用远场模式的不完全数据反演声波阻尼系数

从阻尼边界条件声波散射问题的散射场远场模式的部分数据信息出发给出了反演声波阻尼系数的一种新方法,该问题既是非线性的又是不适定的,这里利用Tikhonov正则化方法将问题转化为一个最优化问题,成功地处理了第一类算子方程的不适定性及该问题的非线性性,给出了具体的数值方法并对其收敛性进行了严格地证明,数值结果表明该方法是非常准确且简单易行的．     

多模态生物医学成像联合重建的数学问题

生物医学成像技术可得到可视化的结构或功能信息,以供生物研究或临床诊断使用,数学理论在生物医学成像技术中一直起着重要的作用.生物医学成像技术中的一类数学问题是从测量数据重建感兴趣的结构或功能信息,这是一类典型的反问题.最近,生物医学成像技术的一个新进展是多模态成像技术,通过融合多种成像技术实现,目标是提供更加丰富的可视化信息.相对于已有的单模态成像技术,多模态成像技术的图像重建的策略具有多种选择.一个新兴的方向是利用各种模态图像的相似性,或者更严格地讲,是利用不同模态图像在某一特征表示上的部分相似性,进行各种模态图像重建的联合重建.联合重建的优势是可以利用不同模态的数据,通过相似的特征互补性在重建中互相约束,有希望得到更好质量的图像.本文对多模态成像技术中的联合重建问题进行综述,论述有关的关键数学问题,介绍相关的研究进展,其中涉及的一个理论基础Mumford-Shah泛函,张恭庆曾有专著论述.     

利用远场模式的不完全数据反演声波阻尼系数

1.引言 对声波反散射理论的研究,已经有大量的研究[1.5].[7]利用散射波的远场模式反演边界条件中的阻尼系数.但是在实际问题中,要在物体的一周测量到远场模式的值是不现实的.因此,利用远场模式的不完全数据来进行反演有明显的物理和实际意义.一些文献将此类问题称为声波反散射理论的“limited aperture problem”.本文利用远场模式的不完全数据,反演边界条件中的声波阻尼系数.     

积分方程方法在层状散射问题中的应用研究

本文研究声波在分层均匀介质中碰到不可穿透障碍物产生的混合边值散射问题. 应用边界积分方程法将原问题转化为与之等价的边界积分方程组, 通过分析积分算子的Fredholm性质, 得到正问题解的适定性. 应用Nystr\"om方法将积分算子离散, 给出远场模式的计算方法, 并利用具体的数值实验验证方法的有效性, 为进一步展开反问题的研究奠定理论基础.     

Inverse scattering by an inhomogeneous penetrable obstacle in a piecewise homogeneous medium

This paper is concerned with the inverse problem of scattering of time-harmonic acoustic waves by an inhomogeneous penetrable obstacle in a piecewise homogeneous medium. The well-posedness of the direct problem is first established by using the integral equation method. We then proceed to establish two tools that play important roles for the inverse problem: one is a mixed reciprocity relation and the other is a priori estimates of the solution on some part of the interfaces between the layered media. For the inverse problem, we prove in this paper that both the penetrable interfaces and the possible inside inhomogeneity can be uniquely determined from a knowledge of the far field pattern for incident plane waves.     

INVERSE SCATTERING BY AN INHOMOGENEOUS PENETRABLE OBSTACLE IN A PIECEWISE HOMOGENEOUS MEDIUM

This paper is concerned with the inverse problem of scattering of time-harmonic acoustic waves by an inhomogeneous penetrable obstacle in a piecewise homogeneous medium. The well-posedness of the direct problem is first established by using the integral equation method. We then proceed to establish two tools that play important roles for the inverse problem: one is a mixed reciprocity relation and the other is a priori estimates of the solution on some part of the interfaces between the layered media. For the inverse problem, we prove in this paper that both the penetrable interfaces and the possible inside inhomogeneity can be uniquely determined from a knowledge of the far field pattern for incident plane waves.     

Diffraction by an acoustically transmissive or an electromagnetically dielectric half-plane

This work gives a mathematical model for an acoustically penetrable or electromagnetically dielectric half-plane. An approximate boundary condition is used that depends on the thickness of, and the material constants for, the half-plane. A solution is obtained, by using the approximate boundary condition, for the problem of a line source field diffracted by a penetrable/dielectric half-plane. The asymmetry of the approximate boundary condition results in a matrix Wiener–Hopf problem, which is solved explicitly.     

Numerical investigation of the acoustic scattering problem from penetrable prolate spheroidal structures using the Vekua transformation and arbitrary precision arithmetic

A complete set of radiating “outwards” eigensolutions of the Helmholtz equation, obtained by transforming appropriately through the Vekua mapping the kernel of Laplace equation, is applied to the investigation of the acoustic scattering by penetrable prolate spheroidal scatterers. The scattered field is expanded in terms of the aforementioned set, detouring so the standard spheroidal wave functions along with their inherent numerical deficiencies. The coefficients of the expansion are provided by the solution of linear systems, the conditioning of which calls for arbitrary precision arithmetic. Its integration enables the polyparametric investigation of the convergence of the current approach to the solution of the direct scattering problem. Finally, far‐field pattern visualization in the 3D space clarifies the preferred scattering directions for several frequencies of the incident wave, ranging from the “low” to the “resonance” region.     

The inverse scattering problem for partially penetrable obstacles

We consider the direct and inverse problems for the scattering of a partially penetrable obstacle. Here ‘partially penetrable obstacle’ means that the waves transmit into the obstacle just from partial boundary of the obstacle with the rest of the boundary touching a known perfect and thin scatterer. The solvability of the direct scattering problem is presented using the classical boundary integral equation method. An interesting interior transmission problem is investigated for the purpose of solving the inverse obstacle scattering problem. Then the linear sampling method is proposed to reconstruct the shape and location of the obstacle from near field measurements. We note that the inversion algorithm can be implemented by avoiding the use of background Green function as a test function due to a mixed reciprocal principle.     

The no-response approach and its relation to non-iterative methods for the inverse scattering

This paper addresses the inverse obstacle scattering problem. In the recent years several non-iterative methods have been proposed to reconstruct obstacles (penetrable or impenetrable) from near or far field measurements. In the chronological order, we cite among others the linear sampling method, the factorization method, the probe method and the singular sources method. These methods use differently the measurements to detect the unknown obstacle and they require the use of many incident fields (i.e. the full or a part of the far field map). More recently, two other approaches have been added. They are the no-response test and the range test. Both of them use few incident fields to detect some informations about the scatterer. All the mentioned methods are based on building functions depending on some parameter. These functions share the property that their behaviors with respect to the parameter change drastically. The surface of the obstacle is located at most in the interface where these functions become large. The goal of this work is to investigate the relation between some of the non-iterative reconstruction schemes regarding the convergence issue. A given method is said to be convergent if it reconstructs a part or the entire obstacle by using few or many incident fields respectively. For simplicity we consider the obstacle reconstruction problem from far field data for the Helmholtz equation. Gen Nakamura is partially supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific research (B)(2)(N.14340038) of Japan Society for Promotion of Science. Mourad Sini is supported by Japan Society for Promotion of Science.     

On the structure of solutions of a class of hyperbolic systems with several spatial variables in the far field

An asymptotic expansion of the solution to the Cauchy problem for a class of hyperbolic weakly nonlinear systems with many spatial variables is constructed. A parabolic quasilinear equation describing the behavior of the solution at asymptotically large values of the independent variables is obtained. The pseudo-diffusion processes that depend on the relationship between the number of equations and the number of spatial variables are analyzed. The structure of the subspace in which there are pseudo-diffusion evolution processes of the solution in the far field is described.     

The Scalar Scattering of a Plane Wave by an Ellipsoid

The problem of scalar Dirichlet scattering by a general ellipsoidis discussed. An exact solution of the wave equation is determinedvia the method of separation of the variables leading to expressionsfor the total field and the far field amplitude in terms ofellipsoidal wave function products. Particular attention ispaid to the case when the ellipsoid is almost a prolate spheroid.Finally methods of numerical solution are discussed and twonew results in ellipsoidal wave function theory are obtained.     

The inside–outside duality for elastic scattering problems

In this article, we derive the inside–outside duality for two time-harmonic, elastic scattering problems. First, we consider a rigid scattering object inside an isotropic, homogeneous background medium and second, we consider a penetrable, inhomogeneous scattering object inside this background medium. For the first scattering problem, we make use of the particular behavior or certain eigenvalues of the corresponding far field operator to characterize interior Dirichlet eigenvalues of the negative Navier operator. Then we adapt this technique to determine interior transmission eigenvalues that correspond to the second scattering problem.