Buchstaber Invariants of Universal Complexes

Davis and Januszkiewicz introduced (real and complex) universal complexes to give an equivalent definition of characteristic maps of simple polytopes,which now can be seen as "colorings".The author derives an equivalent definition of Buchstaber invariants of a simplicial complex K,then interprets the difference of the real and complex Buchstaber invariants of K as the obstruction to liftings of nondegenerate simplicial maps from K to the real universal complex or the complex universal complex.It was proved by Ayzenberg that real universal complexes can not be nondegenerately mapped into complex universal complexes when dimension is 3.This paper presents that there is a nondegenerate map from 3-dimensional real universal complex to 4-dimensional complex universal complex.     

Generalized complex numbers over near-fields

The construction of the complex numbers over the reals has been generalized in many ways leading, amongs others, to the 2-dimensional elliptical complex numbers (= ordinary complex numbers), the parabolic complex numbers and the hyperbolic complex numbers. One can extend these to higher dimensions and also to using an arbitrary ring as the base ring. Here we propose a construction of generalized complex numbers over a near-field and investigate some of the structural properties of this near-ring.     

Complex Stable Sums of Complex Stable Random Variables

A definition of complex stable random variables is presented which includes earlier definitions as special cases. The class of complex stable random variables is characterized and is shown to be a subclass of the operator stable random variables. The exact conditions under which a sum of independent complex stable random variables is again complex stable are also found.     

Criteria for complex strongly extreme points of Musielak–Orlicz function spaces

The concepts of complex strongly extreme point and complex midpoint local uniform rotundity in complex Banach spaces are introduced. It is proved that every complex strongly extreme point is a complex extreme point and every complex locally uniformly rotund point is a complex strongly extreme point. Moreover, criteria for complex strongly extreme points of the unit ball and, as a corollary, criteria for complex midpoint local uniform rotundity in Musielak–Orlicz function spaces are given.     

Efficient handling of complex shift parameters in the low-rank Cholesky factor ADI method

The solution of large-scale Lyapunov equations is a crucial problem for several fields of modern applied mathematics. The low-rank Cholesky factor version of the alternating directions implicit method (LRCF-ADI) is one iterative algorithm that computes approximate low-rank factors of the solution. In order to achieve fast convergence it requires adequate shift parameters, which can be complex if the matrices defining the Lyapunov equation are unsymmetric. This will require complex arithmetic computations as well as storage of complex data and thus, increase the overall complexity and memory requirements of the method. In this article we propose a novel reformulation of LRCF-ADI which generates real low-rank factors by carefully exploiting the dependencies of the iterates with respect to pairs of complex conjugate shift parameters. It significantly reduces the amount of complex arithmetic calculations and requirements for complex storage. It is hence often superior in terms of efficiency compared to other real formulations.     

Polarographic study of Iron (III)-Resacetophenoneoxime complex

The polarographic behaviour of Iron (III)—Resacetophenoneoxime complex at pH 5.8 in a supporting electrolyte of 0.1 M sodium per-chlorate was studied. The results indicated a diffusion controlled irreversible reduction of the complex. The composition of the complex corresponded to the ratio metal to oxime as 1: 1. The stability constant of the complex was 2.78 × 10^?5.     

On basic concepts of tropical geometry

We introduce a binary operation over complex numbers that is a tropical analog of addition. This operation, together with the ordinary multiplication of complex numbers, satisfies axioms that generalize the standard field axioms. The algebraic geometry over a complex tropical hyperfield thus defined occupies an intermediate position between the classical complex algebraic geometry and tropical geometry. A deformation similar to the Litvinov-Maslov dequantization of real numbers leads to the degeneration of complex algebraic varieties into complex tropical varieties, whereas the amoeba of a complex tropical variety turns out to be the corresponding tropical variety. Similar tropical modifications with multivalued additions are constructed for other fields as well: for real numbers, p-adic numbers, and quaternions.     

Open problems in pluripotential theory

We propose a list of open problems in pluripotential theory partially motivated by their applications to complex differential geometry. The list includes both local questions as well as issues related to the compact complex manifold setting.     

Adaptive anti-synchronization of chaotic complex nonlinear systems with unknown parameters

This paper presents the adaptive anti-synchronization of a class of chaotic complex nonlinear systems described by a united mathematical expression with fully uncertain parameters. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, an adaptive control scheme and adaptive laws of parameters are developed to anti-synchronize two chaotic complex systems. The anti-synchronization of two identical complex Lorenz systems and two different complex Chen and Lü systems are taken as two examples to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the presented scheme.     

Operation properties and -equalities of complex fuzzy sets

A complex fuzzy set is a fuzzy set whose membership function takes values in the unit circle in the complex plane. This paper investigates various operation properties and proposes a distance measure for complex fuzzy sets. The distance of two complex fuzzy sets measures the difference between the grades of two complex fuzzy sets as well as that between the phases of the two complex fuzzy sets. This distance measure is then used to define δ-equalities of complex fuzzy sets which coincide with those of fuzzy sets already defined in the literature if complex fuzzy sets reduce to real-valued fuzzy sets. Two complex fuzzy sets are said to be δ-equal if the distance between them is less than 1-δ. This paper shows how various operations between complex fuzzy sets affect given δ-equalities of complex fuzzy sets. An example application of signal detection demonstrates the utility of the concept of δ-equalities of complex fuzzy sets in practice.     

Topological grammars for data approximation

A method of topological grammars is proposed for multidimensional data approximation. For data with complex topology we define a principal cubic complex of low dimension and given complexity that gives the best approximation for the dataset. This complex is a generalization of linear and non-linear principal manifolds and includes them as particular cases. The problem of optimal principal complex construction is transformed into a series of minimization problems for quadratic functionals. These quadratic functionals have a physically transparent interpretation in terms of elastic energy. For the energy computation, the whole complex is represented as a system of nodes and springs. Topologically, the principal complex is a product of one-dimensional continuums (represented by graphs), and the grammars describe how these continuums transform during the process of optimal complex construction. This factorization of the whole process onto one-dimensional transformations using minimization of quadratic energy functionals allows us to construct efficient algorithms.     

Induced polarization forward modelling using finite element method and the fractal model

The modeling of induced polarization data from 2D and 3D geological medium was developed. We applied the finite element method and the fractal model to complex resistivity of rocks as an intrinsic electrical property of geological medium. The LU factorization and pre-conditioned complex bi-conjugated gradient method were applied to solve the complex linear equation system. The modeling implemented in this work was efficient and prompt. In addition, the induced polarization survey using the fractal model as intrinsic property of the medium is a promising method for environmental investigation.     

DW Complexes and Their Underlying Topological Spaces

The naive concept of a DW complex is that of a differential space that can be built up from cells and whose differential structure is defined in terms of differential structures on Euclidean unit closed balls. This concept stems from an analogue in the category of topological spaces: the so-called CW complex. The paper goes as far as investigating the underlying topological space of a DW complex.     

Quaternion orthogonal designs from complex companion designs

The success of applying generalized complex orthogonal designs as space-time block codes recently motivated the definition of quaternion orthogonal designs as potential building blocks for space-time-polarization block codes. This paper offers techniques for constructing quaternion orthogonal designs via combinations of specially chosen complex orthogonal designs. One technique is used to build quaternion orthogonal designs on complex variables for any even number of columns. A second related technique is applied to maximum rate complex orthogonal designs to generate an infinite family of quaternion orthogonal designs on complex variables such that the resulting designs have no zero entries. This second technique is also used to generate an infinite family of quaternion orthogonal designs defined over quaternion variables that display a regular redundancy. The proposed constructions are theoretically important because they provide the first known direct techniques for building infinite families of orthogonal designs over quaternion variables for any number of columns.     

Parallel submanifolds of complex projective space and their normal holonomy

The object of this article is to compute the holonomy group of the normal connection of complex parallel submanifolds of the complex projective space. We also give a new proof of the classification of complex parallel submanifolds by using a normal holonomy approach. Indeed, we explain how these submanifolds can be regarded as the unique complex orbits of the (projectivized) isotropy representation of an irreducible Hermitian symmetric space. Moreover, we show how these important submanifolds are related to other areas of mathematics and theoretical physics. Finally, we state a conjecture about the normal holonomy group of a complete and full complex submanifold of the complex projective space. Research partially supported by GNSAGA (INdAM) and MIUR of Italy.     

关于复矩阵乘积的正定性

两复正定矩阵之和必是复正定矩阵,但其积未必是复正定矩阵.研究了复矩阵之积的正定性,给出了复矩阵之积为复正定矩阵的一系列判定条件,获得了一些新的结果,改进并推广了K y Fan T aussky定理及Fe jer定理.     

Numerical Solution of an Elliptic Boundary-value Problem in the Complex Variable

A general, non-self-adjoint, complex, elliptic boundary-valueproblem is approximated by a system of complex, finite-differenceequations and solved by SOR techniques. Since transformationsof the complex difference equations to real equations lead tosystems which lack diagonal dominance, the difference equationsare solved iteratively as a complex system. A brief accountof complex SOR theory is provided. This includes block as wellas point methods and, for the complex point Jacobi matrix, thedistribution of the eigenvalues and the proof that there isone eigenvalue pair with maximum modulus are given. Importantconsiderations in the application of complex methods—accuracy,factors influencing convergence and the automatic determinationof convergence factors—are examined.     

Signal analysis based on complex wavelet signs

We propose a signal analysis tool based on the sign (or the phase) of complex wavelet coefficients, which we call a signature. The signature is defined as the fine-scale limit of the signs of a signal's complex wavelet coefficients. We show that the signature equals zero at sufficiently regular points of a signal whereas at salient features, such as jumps or cusps, it is non-zero. At such feature points, the orientation of the signature in the complex plane can be interpreted as an indicator of local symmetry and antisymmetry. We establish that the signature rotates in the complex plane under fractional Hilbert transforms. We show that certain random signals, such as white Gaussian noise and Brownian motions, have a vanishing signature. We derive an appropriate discretization and show the applicability to signal analysis.     

Complex planar splines

In contradistinction to the known theory on complex splines which are defined on the boundary of a region in , we define complex planar splines on a region itself as a complex valued continuous function which is defined piecewise on suitable meshes of that region. The main idea is to use nonholomorphic functions as pieces, since holomorphic pieces would lead to just one holomorphic function on the whole region. Some of the techniques used are available from the theory of finite elements. But we also consider new aspects, namely, mapping properties of a complex planar spline v and the difference f − v, where f is, in general, a holomorphic function. For triangular meshes, rectangular and parallelogrammatic meshes, and meshes on circular sectors, explicit expressions are provided; also properties of the newly introduced complex planar splines are studied.     

A Schrodinger formulation research for light beam propagation through the media of complex refractive index

The Helmhotz equation of light beam propagating through a medium of complex refractive index is reduced to the axial-coordinate-dependent Schr?dinger equation of complex potential. The new bra vector, the new expectation value of a dynamical variable and the extended Heisenberg picture are defined by the inverse of the evolution operator instead of its Hermitian adjoint, and the complex beam propagation parameters defined in terms of the new expectation value, the complex ABCD law and the ABCD formulation of the Huygens' integral are discussed in terms of quantum mechanics. It is shown that the evolution equations of the complex beam propagation parameters are the same as those of the beam propagation parameters of beam propagating through a medium of real refractive index. The research on an optical system of the conservative complex beam quality factor shows that the complex ABCD law holds, the evolution of its coordinate operator and the momentum operator is linear, and the Huygens' integral is of the ABCD formulation.