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1.
应用第一性原理方法研究了SiP化合物的结构和电子特性,并且将研究推广到其他第四族元素磷化物(IV-P).在研究的各种结构中,SiP单斜晶体结构是能量最低、最稳定的结构.SiP的体弹性模量比CN和CP化合物以及相对应的第三族元素氮化物和磷化物要小.SiP不同的结构间能发生相变,其单斜晶体结构(monoclinic)在压强为6.2 GPa, 15.0 GPa, 19.3 GPa, 20.0 GPa 和 10.3 GPa时分别转变成GeP型结构、Rhom.型结构、β-InS型结构、 CsCl型结构和NaCl型结构.能带计算结果显示SiP单斜晶体结构(monoclinic)和GaSe型结构是间接带隙分别为1.123 eV 和 0.123 eV的半导体,SiP其他结构则显示出金属特性.其他化学比为1:1的第四族元素磷化物(IV-P)具有相同的性质.  相似文献   

2.
谢知  程文旦 《物理学报》2014,(24):175-182
运用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,系统研究了小尺寸锐钛矿相(n,0)型Ti O2纳米管(D16)的几何构型、电子结构和光学性质.结果表明:随着管径增大,体系单位Ti O2分子的形成能降低,体系趋于稳定;在管径14左右,(n,0)型Ti O2纳米管会发生一次构型的转变.能带分析显示,Ti O2纳米管的电子态比较局域化,小管径下(D14)其导电性更好;随着构型的转变,Ti O2纳米管由直接带隙转变为间接带隙,并且带隙值随着管径的增大而增大,这是由于π轨道重叠效应的影响大于量子限域效应所导致的结果.两种效应的竞争,使得Ti O2纳米管的介电函数虚部ε2(ω)谱的峰值位置随管径增大既可能红移也可能蓝移,管径大于9(即(8,0)管)之后,Ti O2纳米管的光吸收会出现明显的增强.  相似文献   

3.
采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算,对本征碳化硅纳米管和掺氮碳化硅纳米管的电子结构进行了计算.计算表明本征(8,0)碳化硅为直接带隙半导体,能带间隙为0.94 eV;掺氮浓度为1.56%和3.12%的碳化硅纳米管的能带间隙减小为0.83 eV和0.74 eV.从差分电荷密度可以看出,能带间隙的减小是氮硅键与碳硅键相比共价成键能力降低的结果.关键词:碳化硅纳米管掺氮第一性原理电子结构  相似文献   

4.
邹小翠  吴木生  刘刚  欧阳楚英  徐波 《物理学报》2013,62(10):107101-107101
采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法研究了β-碳化硅/(15, 0) 碳纳米管和β-碳化硅/(16, 0)碳纳米管核壳结构的电子结构特性. 结果表明, 两种核壳异质结构都呈现出金属性, 它们的金属性主要是由碳纳米管和碳化硅纳米线表面的原子所贡献的. 碳化硅纳米线表面呈现的金属性由其结构本身决定, 而对于金属性的 (15, 0) 和半导体性的 (16, 0) 碳纳米管在填充碳化硅纳米线之后都表现出金属性, 主要是由于碳纳米管和碳化硅纳米线之间的电荷转移导致的, 而并不是由于碳纳米管形变造成的.关键词:核壳结构电子结构第一性原理  相似文献   

5.
采用基于密度泛函理论的平面波赝势方法,选用局域密度近似对Ag1/4TiSe2及TiSe2的几何结构进行了优化和总能量计算.计算得到的晶格常量与实验结果符合较好,负的形成能表明有序Ag1/4TiSe2系统的稳定性.布居数、键长、能带结构和态密度的计算结果显示:Ag以较强的离子性结合于Ag1/4TiSe2中.Ag的插入使得半金属性的TiSe2变为金属性的Ag1/4TiSe2,导电性质得到明显改善.  相似文献   

6.
铝氮共掺杂氧化锌纳米管电子结构的第一性原理研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王平  郭立新  杨银堂  张志勇 《物理学报》2013,62(5):56105-056105
采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算, 对(6,0)单壁氧化锌纳米管、铝掺杂、氮掺杂和铝氮共掺杂纳米管的能带结构、态密度和差分电荷密度进行了研究. 结果表明, 氮掺杂可以在纳米管禁带中引入受主能级, 实现纳米管的p型掺杂, 但是受主能级局域性较强, 导致氮溶解度低. 引入铝元素可以有效降低氮形成受主能级局域性, 激活氮元素, 铝氮共掺杂有望成为氧化锌纳米管一种更为有效的p型掺杂方法.关键词:氧化锌纳米管电子结构共掺杂第一性原理计算  相似文献   

7.
采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算,对扶手椅型(4,4)和(6,6)及锯齿型(8,0)和(10,0)C/SiC纳米管异质结的电子结构进行了研究.结果表明两类异质结结构都表现为半导体特性.扶手椅型纳米管异质结形成了Ⅰ型异质结,电子和空穴都限制在碳纳米管部分.锯齿型纳米管异质结中价带顶主要分布在碳纳米管部分及C/SiC界面处,而导带底均匀分布在整个纳米管异质结上.这两种异质结结构在未来纳米器件中具有潜在的应用价值.关键词:C/SiC纳米管异质结第一性原理电子结构  相似文献   

8.
采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法研究了三斜结构FeVO_4的结构,基态的能带结构、总态密度和分波态密度.将FeVO_4非共线的螺旋磁结构简化为六种不同的反铁磁结构,通过比较不同自旋构型的总能确定了基态磁结构.能带计算和总态密度结果均显示FeVO_4是能隙为2.19 e V的半导体,与实验结果相符.考虑Fe原子的在位库仑能,FeVO_4的能带结构和态密度都发生变化,说明FeVO_4晶体是一个典型的强关联电子体系.  相似文献   

9.
联苯烯单层由碳原子的四元、六元和八元环组成,具有与石墨烯相似的单原子层结构.2021年5月,Science首次报道了该材料的实验合成,引起了科研工作者的极大关注.基于第一性原理的密度泛函方法,研究了铁原子在联苯烯单层的吸附构型并分析了其电子结构.结构优化、吸附能和分子动力学的计算表明,联苯烯单层的四元环空位是铁原子最稳定的吸附位点,吸附能可达1.56 eV.电子态密度计算表明铁3d电子与碳的2p电子有较强的轨道杂化,同时电荷转移计算显示铁原子向近邻碳原子转移的电荷约为0.73个电子,说明联苯烯单层与吸附的铁原子之间形成了稳定的化学键.另外,铁原子吸附于联苯烯单层后体系显磁性,铁原子上局域磁矩大小约为1.81μB,方向指向面外.因此,本文确认了联苯烯单层是比石墨烯更好的铁原子吸附载体且体系有磁性,这为研究吸附材料的电磁、输运、催化等特性提供了新的平台.  相似文献   

10.
舒瑜  张建民  王国红  徐可为 《物理学报》2010,59(7):4911-4918
采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势平面波方法对Cu(311),(511),(331)和(221)四个高指数台阶表面的弛豫结构和弛豫后表面各层的电子特性进行了系统研究.发现四个台阶面的层间弛豫规律依次为-+-…,--+-…,--+-…和---+-…,与其平台-阶梯n(hkl)×(uvw)的表示法2(100)×(111),3(100)×(111),3(111)×(111)和4(111)×(111)中的原子排数n相关,即  相似文献   

11.
Yu Diao  Lei Liu  Sihao Xia 《Physics letters. A》2019,383(2-3):202-209
Using first-principle calculations, we present a systematic investigation upon the influence of p-type doping on the structural and electronic properties of H-passivated GaAs nanowires with wurtzite structure. The GaAs nanowire models of different doping types, different doping elements, different doping positions and different doping concentrations are established. The calculated formation energies show that Zn element becomes more competitive or even slightly favored in realizing p-type doping compared to Be element. For an individual Zn incorporation model, Zn atom tends to substitute the subsurface Ga atom. As increasing Zn doping concentration, the p-type doping process becomes more and more difficult. Besides, both interstitial and substitutional doping lead to the distortion of atomic structure near impurity atoms and cause the ionicity of GaAs nanowires enhanced. The p-type doped GaAs nanowires models are all direct band gap semiconductors. After substitutional doping, the total density of state curves shift toward higher energy sides and the Fermi level entering valence bands. Our calculations provide a significant reference for the preparation of p-type doping GaAs nanowire, which has a promising potential application in the field of photocathodes.  相似文献   

12.
利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理超软赝势平面方法研究了外界压强对LiNbO3晶体波态密度,能带结构,电荷密度以及光学性质的影响.能带结构计算表明,价带顶主要由O-2p和Nb-4d态电子贡献,导带底主要由Nb-4d态电子贡献,且带隙随着压强的增加而线性增大.利用复介电函数计算了LiNbO3晶体在不同压强下光学性质的折射率、反射率、吸收系数,能量损失函数以及光电导率. 研究发现:外界压强大于10Gpa时,静态折射率保持不变,随外界压强的增加,反射率、吸收函数以及光电导率区间有一定程度的拓宽,损失函数峰发生“蓝移”.研究表明,高压可以有效调控LiNbO3晶体的电子结构和光学性质,为LiNbO3晶体的高压应用提供了有益的理论依据.  相似文献   

13.
利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理超软赝势平面方法研究了外界压强对LiNbO_3晶体态密度,能带结构,电荷密度以及光学性质的影响.能带结构计算表明,价带顶主要由O-2p和Nb-4d态电子贡献,导带底主要由Nb-4d态电子贡献,且带隙随着压强的增加而线性增大.利用复介电函数计算了LiNbO_3晶体在不同压强下光学性质的折射率、反射率、吸收函数,能量损失函数以及光电导率.研究发现:外界压强大于10GPa时,静态折射率保持不变,随外界压强的增加,反射率、吸收函数以及光电导率区间有一定程度的拓宽,损失函数峰发生\"蓝移\".研究表明,外界高压可以有效调控LiNbO_3晶体的电子结构和光学性质,为LiNbO_3晶体的高压应用提供了有益的理论依据.  相似文献   

14.
    
First-principles nonmagnetic calculations reveal a metallic character in zigzag SiGe nanoribbons (ZSiGeNRs) regardless of their width. The partial DOS projected onto the Si and Ge atoms of ZSiGeNR shows that a sharp peak at the Fermi level is derived from the edge Si and Ge atoms. The charge density contours show the Si–Ge bond is covalent bond, while for the Si–H bond and Ge–H bond, the valence charges are strongly accumulated around H atoms due to their stronger 1 s potential and the higher electronegativity of 2.20 than that of 1.90 for Si atom and 2.01 for Ge atom, so that a significant charge transformation from Si or Ge atoms to H atoms and thus an ionic binding feature. Spin–polarization calculations show that the band structures of ZSiGeNR are modified by the dangling bonds. Compared with perfect ZSiGeNR which is a ferrimagnetic semiconductor, the bands of the ZSiGeNRs with bare Si edge, bare Ge edge, and bare Si and Ge edges shift up and nearly flat extra bands appear at the Fermi level. The ZSiGeNR with bare Si edge or bare Ge edge is a ferrimagnetic metal, while ZSiGeNR with bare Si and Ge edges is a nonmagnetic metal.  相似文献   

15.
Using first-principles method, electronic structure and optical properties of phosphorus-doped ZnO for the possible substitutional (PZn, PO) and interstitial (Ptet, Poct) doping are investigated. PO gives p-type conductivity, but others show n-type. PO and Ptet has a significant difference in optical properties due to the contribution of P 3p states at Fermi level.  相似文献   

16.
To deeply understand the effects of Si/N-codoping on the electronic structures of TiO2 and confirm their photocatalytic performance, a comparison theoretical study of their energetic and electronic properties was carried out involving single N-doping, single Si-doping and three models of Si/N-codoping based on first-principles. As for N-doped TiO2, an isolated N 2p state locates above the top of valence band and mixes with O 2p states, resulting in band gap narrowing. However, the unoccupied N 2p state acts as electrons traps to promote the electron-hole recombination. Using Si-doping, the band gap has a decrease of 0.24 eV and the valence band broadens about 0.30 eV. These two factors cause a better performance of photocatalyst. The special Si/N-codoped TiO2 model with one O atom replaced by a N atom and its adjacent Ti atom replaced by a Si atom, has the smallest defect formation energy in three codoping models, suggesting the model is the most energetic favorable. The calculated energy results also indicate that the Si incorporation increases the N concentration in Si/N-codoped TiO2. This model obtains the most narrowed band gap of 1.63 eV in comparison with the other two models. The dopant states hybridize with O 2p states, leading to the valence band broadening and then improving the mobility of photo-generated hole; the N 2p states are occupied simultaneously. The significantly narrowed band gap and the absence of recombination center can give a reasonable explanation for the high photocatalytic activity under visible light.  相似文献   

17.
本文利用第一性原理计算讨论了硫族元素掺杂单层Ag2S的缺陷形成能和电子性质.缺陷形成能反映了在富Ag条件下的掺杂更容易.计算得到的带隙、Mulliken布居和态密度展示出了其相应结构的电子性质.与纯单层的Ag2S相比,Se/Te掺杂Ag2S后的带隙显示出其电导率变化不大.基于Mulliken原子和键布居,研究了硫族元素掺杂后Ag2S中的共价性.此外,通过讨论态密度,分析了能级的移动和电子的贡献.  相似文献   

18.
Five potential novel phases of AlAs (Pmn21-AlAs, Pbam-AlAs, Pbca-AlAs, bct-AlAs and wz-AlAs) are proposed and the stabilities of them are verified by the enthalpy, independent elastic constants and phonon dispersion spectra. The mechanical, electronic and thermodynamic properties of ten AlAs phases are studied and the electronic properties are calculated by PBE0 hybrid functional. Pmn21-AlAs and Pbam-AlAs own direct band gaps, so they have electronic advantages over other phases of AlAs at 0?GPa. Our calculated band gaps are 3.02, 3.07, 3.21, 2.76, 3.12, 1.15, 1.88, 2.53, 2.75 and 2.53?eV for Pmn21-AlAs, Pbam-AlAs, Pbca-AlAs, bct-AlAs, wz-AlAs, oC12-AlAs, hP6-AlAs, cI24-AlAs, zb-AlAs and cmcm-AlAs, respectively. Additionally, these phases: Pmn21-AlAs, Pbam-AlAs, Pbca-AlAs, bct-AlAs, cI24-AlAs, and cmcm-AlAs behave in a ductile manner, and wz-AlAs, oC12-AlAs, hP6-AlAs and zb-AlAs behave in a brittle manner. Otherwise, cmcm-AlAs has the greatest anisotropy, and hP6-AlAs has the least anisotropy.  相似文献   

19.
    
《Physics letters. A》2020,384(8):126172
The electronic and optical properties of undoped, N single-doped, S single-doped, and S-N co-doped ZnO were systematically investigated by first-principles calculations. The lattice parameters of S single-doped and S-N co-doped ZnO clearly increased. After N-doping, a strongly localized impurity energy level of N was formed near the Fermi level at the top of valence band (VB). In S-N co-doped ZnO, the localization of N weakened, and the Fermi level went deeper into the VB, indicating that the acceptor energy level of N formed in S-N co-doped system became shallower due to the effect of 3p state of S. Therefore, S-N co-doping is beneficial to obtain p-type ZnO with a higher hole concentration than N single-doping. Compared with undoped ZnO, the static dielectric constant, absorption coefficient, refractive index, energy loss function, and reflectivity of N single-doped, S single-doped, and S-N co-doped ZnO exhibited an increase in low-energy area.  相似文献   

20.
本文利用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理计算研究了它们的电子结构和光学性质.光学性质的计算结果和实验相一致.结果表明,Fe或Ag掺杂后,K2Ti6O13的带隙中出现了杂质带且其带隙值变小,因而使掺杂后的K2Ti6O13的吸收边发生红移并实现了其对可见光吸收.其中杂质带主要由Fe 3d态或Ag 4d态与Ti 3d态和O 2p态杂化而成.对于Fe掺杂的K2Ti6O13,杂质带位于带隙中间,因此可以作为电子从价带跃迁到导带的桥梁.对于Ag掺杂的K2Ti6O13,杂质带位于价带顶附近为受主能级,可以降低光生载流子的复合概率.实验和计算研究表明,通过Fe或Ag的掺杂可以实现了K2Ti6O13对可见光的吸收,这对进一步研究K2Ti6O13的光学性质具有重要意义.  相似文献   

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