香豆素席夫碱的Zn~(2+)识别研究

本文采用5-氯水杨醛与3-氨基-7-羟基香豆素反应,合成了一种新型的香豆素席夫碱化合物3-[(5-氯-2-羟基-苯亚甲基)-氨基]-7-羟基香豆素(CHB),并采用核磁共振谱、红外光谱和元素分析对合成产物进行了表征。在CHB的DMF溶液中加入Zn~(2+)后,溶液颜色由无色迅速变为橙黄色,紫外-可见吸收光谱最大吸收峰从380nm红移至480nm,而且该分子探针在580nm处的荧光强度显著增强,可通过肉眼观察到其在365nm紫外灯下发出的荧光,而其它离子加入后荧光变化微弱或没有变化,表明该分子探针对Zn~(2+)的选择性较高。吸收光谱的变化表明CHB与Zn~(2+)形成了新的配合物,采用Benesi-Hilderbrand方程计算出两者之间以1∶1配位。     

新型双功能席夫碱荧光探针分别识别检测Zn~(2+)和CN~-

合成了一种新的席夫碱荧光探针4'-羟基-3'-((2-吡啶亚甲基亚氨基)甲基)-4-氰基联苯(HPBC),用于对Zn~(2+)和CN~-的选择性识别检测。在Et OH-H_2O(2∶3,V/V,HEPES,p H=7.4)体系中,HPBC与Zn~(2+)按摩尔比1∶1络合,使探针在468 nm处的荧光明显增强,且最大发射峰发生15 nm的蓝移,而在加入其它金属离子后不产生明显的荧光增强现象,由此可以选择性识别检测水体系中的Zn~(2+)。本方法检测Zn~(2+)的线性范围为0.4~4.0μmol/L,检出限为36.5 nmol/L,比WHO规定的饮用水中Zn~(2+)限量水平(76μmol/L)约低1000倍。向HPBC中交替加入Zn~(2+)和EDTA,探针表现出"ON-OFF-ON"模式的荧光变化,且在4次循环后,体系荧光效率损失较小,表明HPBC对Zn~(2+)的识别具有良好的可逆性。荧光成像实验表明,HPBC可用于检测活细胞中的Zn~(2+)。而在DMSO-H2O(3∶7,V/V)介质中,由于与其它阴离子尤其是F~-与AcO~-相比,CN~-具有较强的碱性及较弱的氢键结合力,因此CN~-可使探针HPBC中的酚羟基去质子化,产生强的绿色荧光,且溶液颜色由无色变为淡黄色。由此可以选择性识别检测水溶液中的CN~-,且不受其它阴离子的干扰。HPBC对CN~-的检出限0.575μmol/L。HPBC还可制成试纸条,通过检测试纸条颜色及紫外灯下荧光的改变,方便快捷地检测水样中的CN~-。     

基于2,6-二甲酰基-4-甲基苯酚的双Schiff化合物的合成及Zn~(2+)识别

以2-氨基苯并噻唑、水合肼和硫酸为原料,合成2-肼基苯并噻唑,与2,6-二甲酰基-4-甲基苯酚进行反应得到2,6-二甲酰基-4-甲基苯酚缩二(2-肼基苯并噻唑)(L),在DMF与H_2O (3:2,V:V)的混合溶液中,通过紫外和荧光测定该探针(L)对金属离子的识别性能。结果发现,该荧光探针(L)对Zn~(2+)具有较好的选择性和灵敏度,探针溶液的荧光强度与Zn~(2+)有良好的线性关系,线性方程为I=196.46+1654.12c,相关系数R~2=0.9864,检出限为38.5 nmol/L。该方法可以定量检测水中Zn~(2+)。     

吗啉基修饰的新型香豆素Fe~(3+)荧光探针化合物的合成及其性能

间苯二酚与乙酰乙酸乙酯经亲核取代反应制得7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素(1);1与碘甲烷在乙醚中反应制得7-甲氧基-4-甲基香豆素(2);2与N-溴代丁二酰亚胺在四氯化碳中经2步反应制得3-溴-4(溴甲基)-7-甲氧基香豆素(4);4在四氢呋喃溶剂中与吗啉反应合成了一种新型的基于香豆素的荧光探针化合物——3-溴-7-甲氧基-4-(吗啉代)-2H-吡喃-2-酮(5),其结构经~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR和MS表征。光学性能和金属离子识别性能研究结果表明:5的激发波长为340.15 nm,发射波长为408.35 nm;5对Fe~(3+)有良好的识别作用,在1.0×10-5mol·L~(-1)~9.0×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)可定量检测Fe~(3+)含量。     

对Zn2+及S2-连续响应的罗丹明B酰肼类荧光探针的研究

该文采用简单的两步反应合成了一种新型N-(2-羟基-5-氯苯)基罗丹明B酰肼(HCPRH)分子探针,并对其进行了结构表征及荧光性能研究。结果显示,在含HCPRH分子探针的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶液中加入Zn~(2+),会使其荧光显著增强,可在365 nm紫外灯下肉眼观察到体系颜色迅速由无色变为亮黄色,表明该分子探针可用于Zn~(2+)的快速、灵敏和裸眼识别,且其对Zn~(2+)具有良好的识别选择性,其它金属离子几乎不干扰HCPRH探针对Zn~(2+)的响应。采用Benesi-Hildebrand方程计算得HCPRH分子探针与Zn~(2+)之间形成了稳定的配合物,以Job?s法确定两者之间摩尔比为1∶1。根据荧光滴定的实验结果,发现HCPRH分子探针在512 nm处荧光发射峰强度变化值与Zn~(2+)浓度在10～250μmol/L之间呈良好的线性关系,对Zn~(2+)的检出限达3.6μmol/L,可用于其微量检测。另外,实验研究还表明该分子HCPRH探针可成功用于对Zn~(2+)与S~(2-)的连续荧光响应。     

一种同时分辨识别Zn~(2+)和F~-离子的双功能探针（英文）

由8-甲酰基-7-羟基香豆素与碳酰肼经一步缩合反应可制得探针1。研究发现,探针1对Zn~(2+)和F-离子均呈现荧光增强和比率比色的高灵敏和高选择性响应,检出限低至10-8 mol·L~(-1)。通过光谱、ITC、1H NMR滴定及质谱分析,详细地研究了探针与离子形成的配合物性质。在不同的介质中,探针不仅同时表现出对金属阳离子Zn~(2+)和对阴离子F-的识别,而且吸收和发射波长均有显著的差异:1-Zn~(2+)配合物的最大吸收波长为360 nm,而1-F-配合物为400 nm;1-Zn~(2+)配合物的荧光激发和发射波长分别为360和454 nm,而1-F-配合物分别为400和475 nm。此外,探针1还能应用于活体PC3细胞中Zn~(2+)的荧光成像。     

一种双席夫碱荧光探针的合成及其对Zn(Ⅱ)的传感性质研究

以1,4-二(3’-羟基-4’-甲酰基苯氧基)丁烷和异丙醇胺为原料,合成了一种双席夫碱荧光探针(H_2L),该化合物在DMF/H_2O(19/1,V/V)介质中,427 nm波长处对Zn~(2+)具有较好的荧光增强识别作用。光谱滴定结果表明,化合物H_2L与Zn~(2+)的配位比为1∶1,对Zn~(2+)的最低检出限为2.7×10~(-7)mol·L~(-1),配合物的结合常数为5.11×10~4L·mol~(-1)。根据核磁滴定实验及质谱分析,提出了荧光探针的传感机理。另外,实际应用研究表明,该探针可应用于实际水体中一定浓度范围内Zn~(2+)的测定,具有一定的应用价值。     

基于香豆素的比色探针的合成及对Cu^(2+)的识别EI北大核心CSCD

合成了探针8-(2-肼基苯并噻唑)-4-甲基-7-羟基香豆素(L),通过紫外光谱法研究其识别Cu^(2+)性能,并通过Job’s曲线、红外光谱和质谱研究其对Cu^(2+)的识别机理。结果表明:在二甲基亚砜(DMSO)/水(V∶V=9∶1)溶液体系中,探针溶液中加入Cu^(2+)后,溶液颜色由无色变为浅黄色;探针溶液的紫外可见吸光度与Cu^(2+)浓度在0.125~5μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为A=0.037c+0.052,线性相关系数R^(2)=0.9881,检出限为0.02μmol/L,该探针可以定量检测水中的Cu^(2+)。     

席夫碱荧光探针用于水体系中Cu2+的高选择性测定

以8-羟基久洛尼定-9-甲醛和4-苯基氨基硫脲为原料合成了一种新的Schiff碱荧光探针(L)。在乙腈-水(1∶1,v/v,HEPES,pH=7. 4)缓冲溶液中,L与Cu~(2+)以1∶1和1∶2两种比例结合,溶液颜色由黄色变为棕黄色,荧光发生猝灭,体系的荧光强度和Cu~(2+)浓度在0～13μM的范围内呈线性关系,由此可以实现水体系中对Cu~(2+)的高选择性定量检测,检测限为6. 7×10~(-8)M。     

新型香豆素类探针的合成及其高灵敏性和高选择性对纯水中Pd~(2+)的荧光和比色检测（英文）

本文设计并合成了一种新型香豆素类Pd~(2+)荧光探针(化合物1)。它由香豆素和羧甲基羟胺基团组成,能实现纯水中Pd~(2+)的高选择性和高灵敏性检测,检测限低至4.0×10~(-8)mol/L,此外,该探针能在pH为4～9的范围内有效检测Pd~(2+)。     

衍生于双氰基二苯代乙烯的用于活体成像的双光子荧光锌离子探针

制备了衍生于双氰基二苯代乙烯的双光子荧光锌离子探针, 该探针以4-(2-吡啶甲基)哌嗪为锌离子受体, 当络合锌离子时, 探针的荧光强度增强了72.5倍和580 GM的双光子吸收截面. 该探针无细胞毒性且在体内环境中无pH敏感性, 其解离常数\begin{array}{c}{K}_d^{\mathit{TP}}\end{array}=(0.52±0.01) μmol/L. 性能测试结果表明, 该探针能选择性地检测活细胞中的游离锌离子, 耐时长达约1500 s, 且能探测活体组织80~150 μm深处的锌离子, 不受其它金属离子与生物膜的干扰.     

荧光素-层状双金属氢氧化物复合体的发光性能及对Fe3+的荧光识别

采用离子交换法合成了FLN/OS-LDH复合体(FLN: 荧光素, OS: 1-辛烷磺酸钠, LDH: 镁铝型层状双金属氢氧化物), 并研究了其光致发光和对Fe³⁺的识别性能. 固态时, FLN不发光, 而FLN/OS-LDH复合体呈黄绿色荧光(发射波长为565 nm), 是荧光素(FLN)的特征发射光. 在甲酰胺(FM)中可将该复合体方便剥离为胶状悬浮液, 其发射波长发生蓝移, 为绿光发射(531 nm). 研究了复合体剥离液对金属离子的荧光识别特性, 发现其对Fe³⁺的选择性识别能力很强, 远优于其它离子(Mg²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺和Hg²⁺). 该复合体与Fe³⁺结合发生荧光猝灭现象, 可将其用作检测Fe³⁺的荧光传感器. Fe³⁺检测限为1.27×10^-7 mol/L, 猝灭常数(K_sv)为3.44×10² L/mol.     

A Highly Selective Fluorescent Chemosensor for Cu2+

A new Zn²⁺ probe L2-Zn(L2=naphthofuran carbonylhydrazone derivant) was synthesized as a fluorescence chemosensor for Cu²⁺, by which Cu²⁺ ion could be detected with high selectivity and sensitivity in a wide pH range via a displacement “turn-off” signaling strategy. Whereas the coordination between Zn²⁺ and L2 resulted in a considerable enhancement of typical luminescence of a naphthalofuran group in complex L2-Zn, the addition of Cu²⁺ ion led to a dramatic decrease in the emission intensity of probe L2-Zn at about 503 nm(excitation at 423 nm). The competitive fluorescent experiments showed that other metal ions, such as Hg²⁺, Fe³⁺, Ag⁺, Ca²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cr³⁺ and Mg²⁺ could not impact the detection of Cu²⁺. The detection limit of the novel probe L2-Zn for Cu²⁺ ion was as low as 2.3×10^-7 mol/L, which is far lower than the guideline value of 1.6×10^-5 mol/L of the United States Environmental Protection Agency.     

Zn(II)-selective membrane electrode based on tetra(2-aminophenyl) porphyrin

A new PVC membrane electrode for Zn²⁺ ions based on tetra(2-aminophenyl) porphyrin (TAPP) as membrane carrier is prepared. The sensor exhibits a linear stable response over a wide concentration range (5.0×10⁻⁵ to 1.0×10⁻¹ M) with a slope of 26.5 mV/decade and a limit of detection 3.0×10⁻⁵ M (1.96 ppm). It has a response time of about l0 s and can be used for at least 8 months without any divergence in potential. The propose membrane sensor revealed good selectivities for Zn²⁺ over a wide variety of other metal ions and can be used in pH range of 3.0–6.0. It was successfully applied to the direct determination of zinc in a pharmaceutical sample and also as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of Zn²⁺ ions.     

A highly selective and easy-to-synthesize Zn(Ⅱ) fluorescent probe based on 6-methoxyquinolin

A novel fluorescent Zn²⁺ probe based on 6-methoxyquinolin was synthesized in four steps from inexpensive starting materials.It exhibits very strong fluorescence responses and has a remarkably high selectivity to Zn²⁺ than other physiological relevant metal ions.This new compound could be used as low-priced yet high-quality Zn²⁺ probe.     

基于牛血清白蛋白功能化金纳米棒的荧光探针测定Hg2+

建立了一种以牛血清白蛋白功能化的金纳米棒(BSA-Cys-GNRs)为荧光探针检测Hg²⁺的新方法。以半胱氨酸作为连接臂成功将牛血清白蛋白修饰在金纳米棒表面,通过紫外可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱、红外光谱和荧光倒置显微镜等多种分析方法对材料进行表征。研究发现,在295nm波长光激发下,BSA-Cys-GNRs探针在338nm显示强荧光,而Hg²⁺能够有效地猝灭BSA-Cys-GNRs的荧光。对一系列影响猝灭效果的因素进行考察,得出pH 4.0、孵育时间5.0min为最佳检测条件。Mn²⁺、K⁺、Ni²⁺、Na⁺、Cr³⁺、Cd²⁺、Mg²⁺、Cu²⁺、Ca²⁺、Al³⁺和Zn²⁺对BSA-Cys-GNRs的荧光信号没有明显的影响。当Hg²⁺的浓度为0.04444~8.888μmol·L^-1时,荧光猝灭效率与Hg²⁺的浓度之间存在良好的线性关系,检测限为8.08nmol·L^-1。将该方法用于环境水样中Hg²⁺的检测,回收率为98.9%~105.0%。     

Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry detection of metallothionein at bismuth film electrodes

As a representation of metalloproteins, metallothionein (MT), which plays important biological and environmental roles such as in the metabolism and detoxification of some metals, was detected at bismuth film electrode (BiFE) by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). In pH 2–5.5, two well-defined anodic peaks were produced and attributed to the Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ inherent to MT. The calibration plot of DPASV peak currents for Cd²⁺ inherent to MT versus MT concentrations showed a good linearity with a detection limit of 3.86 × 10⁻⁸ mol/L for MT. As a non-toxic excellent electrode material, BiFE shows good performance for detecting MT, and is expected to find further applications in the studies of many other metalloproteins.     

Fluorescence reaction and complexation equilibria between norfloxacin and aluminium (III) ion in chloride medium

Norfloxacin, 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (NORH), reacts with aluminium(III) ion forming the strongly fluorescent complex [Al(HNOR)]³⁺, in slightly acidic medium. The complex shows maximum emission at 440 nm with excitation at 320 nm. The fluorescence intensity is enhanced upon addition of 0.5% sodium dodecylsulphate. Fluorescence properties of the Al-NOR complex were used for the direct determination of trace amounts of NOR in serum. The linear dependence of fluorescence intensity on NOR concentration, at a NOR to Al concentration ratio of 1:10, was found in the concentration range 0.001–2 μg/ml NOR with a detection limit of 0.1 ng/ml. The ability of aluminium (III) ion to form complexes with NOR was investigated by titrations in 0.1 M LiCl medium, using a glass electrode, at 298 K, in the concentration range: 2 × 10⁻⁴ ≤ [Al] ≤ 8 × 10⁻⁴; 5 × 10⁻⁴ ≤ [NOR] ≤ 9 × 10⁻⁴ mol/dm³; 2.8 ≤ pH ≤ 8.3. The experimental data were explained by the following complexes and their respective stability constants, log(β ± σ): [Al(HNOR)], (14.60 ± 0.05); [Al(NOR)], (8.83 ± 0.08); [A1(OH)₃(NOR)], (−14.9 ± 0.1), as well as several pure hydrolytic complexes of A1³⁺. The structure of the [Al(HNOR)] complex is discussed, with respect to its fluorescence properties.     

Inhibition behavior of acid phosphatase, phosphodiesterase I and adenosine deaminase as tools for trace metal analysis and speciation

Simple inhibition tests are described for acid phosphatase, phosphodiesterase I and adenosine deaminase. From 23 different metals tested, the following ions affect the enzymes' activity (detection limits in 0.5 ml synthetic solution): inhibition of acid phosphatase: Hg²⁺ (0.1 mg/l) and Cu²⁺ (0.7 mg/l), inhibition of phosphodiesterase I: Be²⁺ (8 μg/l) and Cd²⁺ (0.9 mg/l), activation of phosphodiesterase I: Mg²⁺ (3 mg/l) and Zn²⁺ (2 mg/l), inhibition of adenosine deaminase: Hg²⁺ (25 μg/l), Cu²⁺ (70 μg/l) and Co²⁺ (0.8 mg/l), respectively. For phosphodiesterase the interfering effect of inhibition and activation has been investigated. In a surface water sample, matrix effects caused by complexing agents in the organic matrix suppress the inhibition. In addition to the determination of total concentrations by instrumental analysis these effects may be used for evaluation of toxic effects and speciation of the trace elements mentioned above.     

Development of an anodic stripping voltammetric assay, using a disposable mercury-free screen-printed carbon electrode, for the determination of zinc in human sweat

This paper reports on the development of a novel electrochemical assay for Zn²⁺ in human sweat, which involves the use of disposable screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). Initially, SPCEs were used in conjunction with cyclic voltammetry to study the redox characteristics of Zn²⁺ in a selection of supporting electrolytes. The best defined cathodic and anodic peaks were obtained with 0.1 M NaCl/0.1 M acetate buffer pH 6.0. The anodic peak was sharp and symmetrical which is typical for the oxidation of a thin metal film on the electrode surface. This behaviour was exploited in the development of a differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetric (DPASV) assay for zinc. It was shown that a deposition potential of −1.6 V versus Ag/AgCl and deposition time of 60 s with stirring (10 s equilibration) produced a well-defined stripping peak with E_pa = −1.2 V versus Ag/AgCl. Using these conditions, the calibration plot was linear over the range 1 × 10⁻⁸ to 5 × 10⁻⁶ M Zn²⁺. The precision was examined by carrying out six replicate measurements at a concentration of 2 × 10⁻⁶ M; the coefficient of variation was calculated to be 5.6%. The method was applied to the determination of the analyte in sweat from 10 human volunteers. The concentrations were between 0.39 and 1.56 μg/mL, which agrees well with previously reported values. This simple, low-cost sensitive assay should have application in biomedical studies and for stress and fatigue in sports studies.