Synthesis,Crystal Structure,Thermal and Explosive Properties of [Cd(SCZ)3(H2O)](PA)2·3H2O (SCZ = Semicarbazide,PA = Picrate)

The heptacoordinate transition metal coordination compound [Cd(SCZ)₃(H₂O)](PA)₂ · 3H₂O ( 1 ) with the ligand semicarbazide (SCZ) and the counteranion picrate (PA) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed that 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c. The Cd²⁺ ion is heptacoordinated by three SCZ groups and a water molecule. SCZ presents typical bidentate coordination modes. The thermal decomposition mechanism of 1 was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which revealed that complex 1 exhibits three small endothermic and two large exothermic processes. The non‐isothermal kinetics parameters were calculated by the Kissinger's method and Ozawa‐Doyle's method, respectively. The heat of combustion was measured by oxygen bomb calorimetry. The enthalpy of formation, the critical temperature of thermal explosion, the entropy of activation (ΔS^≠), the enthalpy of activation (ΔH^≠), and the free energy of activation (ΔG^≠) were also calculated. Sensitivity tests revealed that 1 is insensitive to mechanical stimuli.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure,and Thermal Properties of the Energetic Coordination Compound [Co(DAT)2(H2O)4](HTNR)2·2H2O (DAT = 1,5‐diaminotetrazole)

A new coordination complex, [Co(DAT)₂(H₂O)₄](HTNR)₂ · 2H₂O [DAT = 1,5‐diaminotetrazole, HTNR = 2,4,6‐trinitroresorcinol (styphnic acid)], was obtained in high yield and characterized by elemental analysis and Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy. The molecular structure of [Co(DAT)₂(H₂O)₄](HTNR)₂ · 2H₂O in the crystalline state is determined by X‐ray crystallography is as follows: monoclinic, C2/c, a = 19.216(3) Å, b = 5.4992(8) Å, c = 30.418(5) Å, β = 104.500(5), V = 3112.0(8) ų, Z = 4, ρ_calc. = 1.851 g · cm^–3, R₁ = 0.0271 and wR₂ = (all data) 0.0674. The central cobalt(II) cation is coordinated by two nitrogen atoms of two DAT and four oxygen atoms of four H₂O ligand molecules to form a six‐coordinate and slightly distorted octahedral structure. Extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonds link molecular units of [Co(DAT)₂(H₂O)₄(HTNR)₂ · 2H₂O together to form a 3D net structure with pore canals. The thermal decomposition mechanism for the title compound was predicted based on DSC, TG‐DTG, and FT‐IR analyses and non‐kinetic parameters of the first exothermic process were estimated by applying the Kissinger, Starink, and Ozawa–Doyle methods.     

Protonated Melonate Ca[HC6N7(NCN)3]·7H2O – Synthesis,Crystal Structure,and Thermal Properties

Calcium hydrogenmelonate heptahydrate Ca[HC₆N₇(NCN)₃] · 7H₂O was obtained by metathesis reaction in aqueous solution. The structure of the molecular salt was elucidated by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The crystal structure consists of alternating layers of planar monopronated melonate ions, Ca²⁺ and crystal water molecules. The anions of adjacent layers are staggered so that no π–π stacking occurs. The melonate entities are interconnected by hydrogen bonds within and between the layers. Ca[HC₆N₇(NCN)₃] · 7H₂O was investigated by solid‐state NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, TG and DTA measurements.     

[Zn(AZT)4(H2O)2](PA)2∙4H2O和[Zn(AZT)2(H2O)4](HTNR)2∙4H2O (AZT = 3-叠氮-1,2,4-三唑, HPA = 苦味酸, H2TNR = 斯蒂芬酸)的合成、晶体结构、热分解及感度性能

以3-叠氮-1,2,4-三唑为配体，PA–（苦味酸根）或HTNR–（2,4,6-三硝基间苯二酚脱去一个羟基的质子后形成的离子）为外阴离子，制备得到了两种新的配合物：[Zn(AZT)4(H2O)2](PA)2∙4H2O和[Zn(AZT)2(H2O)4](HTNR)2∙4H2O。[Zn(AZT)4(H2O)2](PA)2∙ 4H2O的X射线晶体数据表明，中心Zn2+离子与来自4个AZT分子的N原子和2个H2O分子的O原子配位；而对于[Zn(AZT)2(H2O)4](HTNR)2∙4H2O来说，6个配位原子来自2个AZT分子的N原子和4个H2O分子的O原子。在两种配合物中，AZT配体分子的配位点都是三唑环上的4位N原子。H2O分子对于分子间氢键的形成起到了重要的作用，在分子间氢键的作用下形成了配合物的晶体结构。在[Zn(AZT)4(H2O)2](PA)2∙4H2O的晶体结构中，还存在错位面对面π-π堆积作用，它对于晶体结构的形成和稳定性也起到了重要作用。TG-DTG和DSC分析结果显示，[Zn(AZT)2(H2O)4](HTNR)2∙4H2O的热分解过程不如[Zn(AZT)4(H2O)2](PA)2∙4H2O剧烈，原因在于前者分子中含有较多配位水分子和较少AZT配体分子。感度测试结果表明，[Zn(AZT)4(H2O)2](PA)2∙4H2O有一定的火焰感度，而[Zn(AZT)2(H2O)4](HTNR)2∙4H2O却对热不敏感；两种化合物在撞击和摩擦作用下都表现钝感。     

Crystal Structure,Synthesis, and Properties of tri‐Calcium di‐Citrate tetra‐Hydrate [Ca3(C6H5O7)2(H2O)2]·2H2O

From hydrothermal synthesis needle‐shaped crystals of [Ca₃(C₆H₅O₇)₂(H₂O)₂] · 2H₂O were obtained. The crystal structure was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray experiments and confirmed by powder data (P$\bar{1}$ (no. 2) a = 5.9466(4), b = 10.2247(8), c = 16.6496(13) Å, α = 72.213(7)°, β = 79.718(7)°, γ = 89.791(6)°, V = 947.06(13) Å³, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0426, wR2 = 0.1037). The structure was obtained from pseudo merohedrically polysynthetic twinned crystals using a combined data collection approach and refinement processes. The observed three‐dimensional network is dominated by eightfold coordinated Ca²⁺ cations linked by citrate anions and hydrogen bonds between two non‐coordinating crystal water molecules and two coordinating water molecules.     

异核配合物K2[Co(Dipc)2]·7H2O的合成、性质、结构和热分解动力学研究

A heteronuclear compound, K₂[Co(Dipc)₂]·7H₂O (Dipc=pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid) has been synthe- sized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction. Crystal data: orthorhombic system with space group Pnna and unite cell parameters: a=2.0645(3)nm, b=1.3484(2)nm, c=0.8204(1)nm; V=2.2838(6)nm³, Z=4, D_cald=1.726 g·cm^-3, μ=1.193 mm^-1, F(000)=1212, Gof=1.045, Δρ=339～-348 e·nm^-3, the final R is 0.0295. In the molecule of the complex, Co(Ⅱ) ion is six-coordinate to form a dis-torted octahedron. The N atom and the carboxyl group of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid are coordinated with the central ions. One of the carboxyl groups of the pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid connect K(Ⅰ) and Co(Ⅱ). The com- pound possesses approximate C₂ symmetry. The compounds form a three-dimensional network of infinite length connection with crystal waters, potassium ions and hydrogen bonds. The result of kinetics of thermal decomposition indicated that the compound decomposition takes place in two steps. CCDC: 207078.     

Direct Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Thermal Kinetics of Supramolecular Complex [Co（H2O）6]·（Hnip）2·（H2nip）2·（DMA）2·（H2O）8 （nip=5-nitroisophthalate, DMA=CH3NHCH3）

The crystal of [Co（H2O）6]·（Hnip）2·（H2nip）2·（OMA）2·（H2O）8 has been cultured using direct method and characterized by X-ray single crystal diffractometry, elemental analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. It crystallizes in triclinic system, P-1 space group with the cell parameters of a=0.7012（1） nm, b=1.1378（2） nm, c=1.6612（3） nm, α= 84.92（3）°, β=85.19（3）°, γ=85.91（3）°, V= 1.3128（5） nm^3, Z=1, Dc= 1.573 g·cm^-3. Final R indices [1〉2σ（I）] are： R1 =0.0279, wR2=0.0765 while R indices for all data are： R1 =0.0327, wR2=0.0806. The Co coordination octahadra are each surrounded by two Hnip, two H2nip, two DMA and eight water molecules that are linked by hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions. Thermal analyses of DSC and TG-DTG have been performed on the complex to predict its thermal decomposition mechanism and determine the most probable kinetic model function using Kissinger, Ozawa, integral and differential methods.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Palladium(IV) Polyoxomolybdate,K0.75Na3.75[PdMo6O24H3.5]·17H2O

The first example of a heteropolyoxomolybdate containing palladium(IV) was isolated and characterized by X‐ray crystallography. The palladium(IV) hexamolybdate, K_0.75Na_3.75[PdMo₆O₂₄H_3.5]·17H₂O, was isolated from an aqueous solution at pH 4.5 in the space group P\bar{1} , a 10.790(2), b 12.244(3), c 14.086(3) Å, α 113.77(1), β 90.41(1),γ 107.86(1)°, and the structure was determined using X‐ray diffraction methods, refining to a residual of 0.0301 for 5334 reflections. A formal “[PdMo₆O₂₄H₃]^5–” subunit exhibits the basic Anderson structure, with two [PdMo₆O₂₄H₃]^5– cluster anions in the structure bridged by a hydrogen atom (formally an H⁺) situated on a center of symmetry to give a “[Pd₂Mo₁₂O₄₈H₇]^9–” dimeric anion. The palladium(IV) atom occupies a slightly distorted octahedral environment, with Pd–O distances ranging from 1.968 to 2.009 Å.     

Structural and Vibrational Studies of Sr2[W(CN)8]·10H2O

The crystal structure of distrontium octacyanotungstate decahydrate, Sr₂[W(CN)₈] · 10H₂O, was solved using X‐ray single crystal diffraction. The tungsten atom lies on a two fold axis. Eight cyanide anions create tetragonal antiprismatic coordination sphere of tungsten atom. The two edge‐sharing tetragonal antiprisms of [Sr(NC)₃(OH₂)₅], create a dimer, [Sr₂(CN)₆(H₂O)₆(μ‐H₂O)₂], which lies on the inversion center. One symmetry independent water molecule is located in a void of 40 Å³. Vibrational (FT‐IR and FT‐Raman spectroscopic) behavior of main structural units is discussed. It was spectroscopically confirmed that the geometry of [W(CN)₈]^4– anion is slightly distorted from that corresponding to “free” anion. The number of observed bands is significantly lower than that expected for C₂ point group.     

[Ce(NO3)5H2O]·(C3H5N2)2的合成、晶体结构及热分析

Colorless crystal, [Ce(NO₃)₅H₂O]·(C₃N₂H₅)₂, has been obtained from the reaction of Ce(NO₃)₃ with imdazole in the aqueous solution and its crystal structure has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques.The crystal belongs to triclinic, space group P1. The cell parameters are: a = 0.7489(1) um, b = 0.7914(2) nm, c = 1.8139(3) nm, a = 89.39(2)°, β = 89.37(l) °,γ = 63.18(2)°, Dc = 2.1g·cm^-3, Z = 2, R = 0.0319.In the compound, all of five nitrates are bidentate and one molecule of water is monodentate, the coordination number of Ce (Ⅲ) is 11.The processes of thermal decomposition of the compound was proposed by its TGcurve.     

Synthesis,Characterization, and Properties of Pentanitrobenzene C6H(NO2)5

The synthesis of the polynitroaromatic compound pentanitrobenzene was re‐examined by modern spectroscopic, structural and physicochemical methods. Originally prepared in 1979, this material could exhibit interesting properties as an oxygen‐rich energetic building block. The energies of formation were calculated with the GAUSSIAN program package and the detonation parameters were predicted using the EXPLO5 computer code. The performance data were determined and compared to the common oxidizer ammonium perchlorate. The crystal structure of pentanitrobenzene was determined by X‐ray crystallography, and those of 2,3,4,6‐tetranitroaniline and styphnic acid (trinitroresorcinol) were re‐determined.     

Ein anionischer Oxohydroxo‐Komplex mit Bismut(III): Na6[Bi2O2(OH)6](OH)2 · 4H2O

An Anionic Oxohydroxo Complex with Bismuth(III): Na₆[Bi₂O₂(OH)₆](OH)₂ · 4H₂O Colourless, plate‐like, air sensitive crystals of Na₆[Bi₂O₂(OH)₆](OH)₂ · 4H₂O are obtained by reaction of Bi₂O₃ or Bi(NO₃)₃ · 5H₂O in conc. NaOH (58 wt %) at 200 °C followed by slow cooling to room temperature. The crystal structure (triclinic, P 1¯, a = 684.0(2), b = 759.8(2), c = 822.7(2) pm, α = 92.45(3)°, ß = 90.40(3)°, γ = 115.60(2)°, Z = 1, R1, wR2 (all data), 0, 042, 0, 076) contains dimeric, anionic complexes [Bi₂O₂(OH)₆]^4— with bismuth in an ψ¹‐octahedral coordination of two oxo‐ and three hydroxo‐ligands. The thermal decomposition was investigated by DSC/TG or DTA/TG and high temperature X‐ray powder diffraction measurements. In the final of three steps the decomposition product is Na₃BiO₃.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Thermal Behavior of GZTO·H2O

Guanidimium‐4,4‐azo‐1‐hydro‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐one (GZTO·H₂O) was synthesized from 4‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐one as a starting material by two‐step including oxidation coupling using acid KMnO₄ and reaction with (NH₂)₂CNH·HNO₃ (GN) in KOH solution. The single crystal of the title compound was obtained by slow evaporation method at room temperature, and its structure was firstly determined with X‐ray single‐crystal diffractometer. It is a orthorhombic crystal, space group Pbca with cell dimensions of a=1.0459(2) nm, b=1.3584(3) nm, c=1.6103(3) nm, α=90.00(10)°, β=90.00(11)°, γ=90.00(11)°, V=2.2878(8) nm³, Z=8, D_c=1.587 g·cm⁻³, F(000)=1136, µ=0.132 mm⁻¹, R₁=0.0455, wR₂=0.1397. The thermal behavior of GZTO·H₂O was studied under a non‐isothermal condition by DSC‐TGA method, and its thermal decomposition process can be divided into three stages, and the first stage is an intense exothermic decomposition process. The second stage and the third stage are slow exothermic decomposition processes. The critical temperature of thermal explosion is 237.74°C.     

Synthese und Eigenschaften von Triphenylzinnmolybdaten mit kettenförmigen Anionen des Typs 1∞[(Ph3Sn)MoO4]–. Die Kristallstrukturen von (nPr4N)[(Ph3Sn)MoO4]·CH3CN, (nBu4N)[(Ph3Sn)MoO4], [Zn(en)2(Ph3Sn)2(MoO4)2]·2DMF·EtOH und [Cu(en)2(Ph3Sn)2(MoO4)2]·2DMF·EtOH

The reaction of Ph₃SnCl, (R₄N)₂[Mo₆O₁₉] and (R₄N)OH in a molar ratio of 6:1:10 leads to the formation of (R₄N)[(Ph₃Sn)MoO₄] (R = ⁿPr ( 1 ), ⁿBu ( 2 )). Compounds 1· CH₃CN and 2 have been charactarized by IR spectroscopy and single crystal X‐ray diffraction. 1· CH₃CN forms orthorhombic crystals, space group P2₁2₁2₁ with a = 1339.9(2), b = 1508.9(2), c = 1733.2(3) pm. 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁ with a = 1342.6(2), b = 2280.3(4), c = 1344.0(2) pm, β = 118.34(1). Both compounds 1 and 2 consist of isolated R₄N⁺ cations and polymeric $\rm^{1}_{\infty}$ [(Ph₃Sn)MoO₄]^– chains with an alternating arrangement of Ph₃Sn⁺ and MoO₄^2– groups. Treatment of (Ph₃Sn)₂MoO₄ with bis(ethylenediamine)copper(II) succinate yields [Cu(en)₂(Ph₃Sn)₂(MoO₄)₂] ( 3 ). The zinc derivative [Zn(en)₂(Ph₃Sn)₂(MoO₄)₂] ( 4 ) is obtained similarly by reaction of (Ph₃Sn)₂MoO₄ with bis(ethylenediamine)zinc(II) formiate. Compounds 3· 2DMF · EtOH and 4· 2DMF · EtOH crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n with a = 1998.0(2), b = 1313.3(1), c = 2181.6(2) pm, β = 90.97(1)° for 3 and a = 2015.4(1), b = 1316.7(1), c = 2157.0(1) pm, β = 90.40(1)° for 4 . Like in the cases of 1 and 2, polymeric $\rm^{1}_{\infty}$ [(Ph₃Sn)MoO₄]^– chains are observed. The [M(en)₂]²⁺ units (M = Cu, Zn) act as linkers between the $\rm^{1}_{\infty}$ [(Ph₃Sn)MoO₄]^– chains to give 2D layer structures with (6, 3) net topology.     

Preparation,Crystal Structure and Vibrational Spectra of Ca2P2O6·2H2O and [Ca(H2O)3(H2P2O6)]·0.5(C12H24O6)·H2O

The calcium salts Ca₂P₂O₆ · 2H₂O ( 1 ) and [Ca(H₂O)₃(H₂P₂O₆)] · 0.5(C₁₂H₂₄O₆) · H₂O ( 2 ) were prepared and structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca and compound 2 in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n. The crystal structure of compound 1 consists of chains of edge‐sharing [CaO₇] polyhedra linked by hypodiphosphate(IV) anions to form a three‐dimensional network. The crystal structure of compound 2 consists of alternated layers of crown ether and water molecules and respective ionic units. Within the layers of ionic units the Ca²⁺ cations are octahedrally coordinated by three monodentate dihydrogenhypodiphosphate(IV) anions and three water molecules. The IR/Raman spectra of the title compounds were recorded and interpreted, especially with respect to the [P₂O₆]^4– and [H₂P₂O₆]^2– groups. The phase purity of 2 was verified by powder diffraction measurements.     

[Co7(μ4‐O)2(O2C–CH3)8(NCO)2(HNPEt3)4] · 2 OEt2, ein siebenkerniger Komplex mit vier‐, fünf‐ und sechsfach koordinierten Cobalt‐Atomen

[Co₇(μ₄‐O)₂(O₂C–CH₃)₈(NCO)₂(HNPEt₃)₄] · 2 OEt₂, a Seven Nuclearity Complex with Four, Five, and Sixfold Coordinated Cobalt Atoms The title compound was prepared from cobalt(II) acetate with Me₃SiNPEt₃ at 180 °C and subsequent crystallization from diethylether to give blue, moisture sensitive single crystals, which were characterized by a crystal structure determination. Space group P2₁/n, Z = 2, lattice dimensions at –80 °C: a = 1544.0(1), b = 1522.1(2), c = 1702.0(1) pm, β = 103.911(10)°, R = 0.0490. [Co₇(μ₄‐O)₂(O₂C–CH₃)₈(NCO)₂ · (HNPEt₃)₄] has a centrosymmetric cluster‐like structure in which the octahedrally coordinated central cobalt atom is connected with the remaining six cobalt atoms via two μ₄‐oxygen atoms as well as via four bridging acetato groups to form a Co(Co)₆ octahedral skeleton. Four of the peripheric cobalt atoms have a distorted trigonal‐bipyramidal coordination sphere, the other two cobalt atoms are tetrahedrally coordinated. The latter are connected with the nitrogen atoms of the cyanato groups.     

含能配位聚合物[Cu(tza)2]n的晶体结构、热分析、感度和催化性能

以碱式碳酸铜和四氮唑乙酸在水中反应制备得到四唑乙酸铜(II)含能配位聚合物, 并培养出单晶. 运用元素分析, FT-IR分析和X-射线单晶衍射对标题配合物的组成和结构进行了全面的表征. 采用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)和热重-微分热重分析(TG-DTG)研究了标题配合物的热分解过程, 表明标题配合物的热分解主要包含三个放热峰. 用Kissinger和Ozawa-Doyle法对标题配合物的第一放热分解过程进行了动力学研究, 计算得到其活化能为356.1 kJ/mol. 对配合物的撞击、摩擦、火焰感度和5s爆发点测试表明该配合物具有一定的感度, 有望作为含能材料应用于相关领域. 同时研究了标题配合物对RDX热分解的影响, 结果表明: 标题配合物可以使RDX的放热分解峰的温度提前16.4 ℃,分解速度加快, 对RDX具有良好的催化作用.     

The Interaction of α‐Hydroxycarboxylic Acids with Metal Ions: Lactic Acid (H2L1) and 2‐Methyllactic Acid (H2L2) with Cobalt(II) Crystal and Molecular Structures of [Co(HL1)2(H2O)2]·H2O and [Co(HL2)2(H2O)2]

The cobalt(II) complexes [Co(HL¹)₂(H₂O)₂]·H₂O) ( 1 ) and [Co(HL²)₂(H₂O)₂]( 2 ) [(HL¹)^‐ = (/plusmn;)‐lactate, (HL²)^‐ = 2‐Methyl‐lactate] were prepared and characterized structurally. The cobalt atom is in a distorted octahedral environment in both compounds. Both α‐hydroxycarboxylato ligands are O, O'‐bidentate chelating monoanions. The presence of a lattice water molecule in 1 makes its supramolecular organization different from that of 2 . The thermal behaviour of both compounds was also investigated.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Magnetic Behaviour of {[Co(dimb)2(H2O)2]·(NO3)2·(H2O)2}n

The title complex {[Co(dimb)₂(H₂O)₂]·(NO₃)₂·(H₂O)₂}_n ( 1 ) (dimb = 1,3‐di(imidazol‐1‐ylmethyl)‐5‐methylbenzene) has been hydrothermally synthesized by the reaction of dimb with Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O in aqueous solution. The cobalt(II) atoms are linked by bridging dimb ligands to form 2D corrugated and wavy networks containing Co₄(dimb)₄ macrocyclic motifs. Two neighboring independent layers interlinked each other in a parallel fashion to construct three‐dimensional structure by O–H···O, N–H···O and C–H···O hydrogen bonds. Magnetic measurement shows the weak antiferromagnetic interaction with a one‐dimensional chain model in the range of 5–300 K, with J of –0.68 cm⁻¹.     

Preparation,Crystal Structure,and Thermal Decomposition of the Energetic Compound [Co(IMI)4(PA)](PA) (IMI = Imidazole and PA = Picrate)

The novel multi‐ligand coordination compound [Co(IMI)₄(PA)](PA) ( 1 ) was synthesized by using imidazole (IMI) and picrate (PA) and characterized by elemental analysis and FT‐IR spectroscopy. The crystal structure was determined by X‐ray single crystal diffraction and the crystallographic data showed that the compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P$\bar{1}$ (α = 8.839(2) Å, b = 13.550(3) Å, c = 13.840(3) Å, α = 68.386(6)°, β = 88.349(9)°, and γ = 87.494(9)°). Furthermore, the Co^II ion is six‐coordinated by four nitrogen atoms from four imidazole ligands and two oxygen atoms from a PA group. Its thermal decomposition mechanism was determined based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry‐derivative thermogravimetry (TG‐DTG) analysis. The kinetic parameters of the first exothermic process were studied by using Kissinger's and Ozawa's method, respectively. The energy of combustion and the enthalpy of formation were measured and calculated. They showed good combustion performance of the compound. Additionally, the sensitivity properties were determined with standard methods. The results of all these studies showed that [Co(IMI)₄(PA)](PA) has potential application as ignition composition.