Structure of the alkaloids of Aerva lanata

By the NOE method using¹³C NMR and UV spectra we have confirmed the structures of four new alkaloids isolated previously: 10-hydroxycanthin-6-one (ervine), 10-methoxycanthine-6-one (methylervine), 10--D-glucopyranosyloxycanthin-6-one (ervoside), and 6-methoxy--carbolin-l-ylpropionic acid (ervolanine).All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Drugs Scientific-Production Association, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 821–824, November–December, 1991.     

Carbohydrates of Aerva lanata

F. N. Rusanov Botanical Garden, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 425–426, May–June, 1989.     

A study of the herb Aerva lanata II. Feruloylamines

All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Scientific Production Combine, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 694–695, September–October, 1990.     

A study of the herb Aerva lanata. III. Alkaloids

Four new alkaloids — aervine (10-hydroxycanthin-6-one), methylaervine (10-methoxycanthin-6-one), aervoside (10--D-glucopyranosyloxycanthin-6-one), and aervolanine (3-(6-methyoxy--carbolin-1-yl)propionic acid), and also the known alkaloids canthin-6-one and 3-(-carbolin-1-yl)propionic acid have been isolated from the herbAerva lanata Juss. Their structures have been established on the basis of chemical and spectral characteristics.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants Scientific Production Combine, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 388–394, May–June, 1991.     

In-vitro investigation on antiurolithiatic activity and phytochemical examination of Aerva lanata and Bryophyllum pinnatum: A comparative study

Using the titrimetry method, the researchers hope to discover the kidney stone dissolving properties of the ethyl acetate extracts of Bryophyllum pinnatum and Aerva lanata. The ethyl acetate extract of B. pinnatum has the ability to dissolve calcium oxalate crystals and exhibited strong antiurolithiatic properties, according to the findings. Both extracts outperformed the conventional medication Neeri in terms of antiurolithiatic activity. The phytochemicals included in both plant extracts were studied using HPLC analysis. As a result, ethyl acetate extract of B. pinnatum can be used as an alternative for the treatment of kidney stones in this investigation.     

Isolation,structural elucidation and cytotoxicity evaluation of a new pentahydroxy-pimarane diterpenoid along with other chemical constituents from Aerva lanata

Aervalanata possesses various useful medicinal and pharmaceutical activities. Phytochemical investigation of the plant has now led to the isolation of a new 2α,3α,15,16,19-pentahydroxy pimar-8(14)-ene diterpenoid (1) together with 12 other known compounds identified as β-sitosterol (2), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (3), canthin-6-one (4), 10-hydroxycanthin-6-one (aervine, 5), 10-methoxycanthin-6-one (methylaervine, 6), β-carboline-1-propionic acid (7), 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,8E)-2-[(2′R)-2-hydroxylpalmitoylamino]-8-octadecene-1,3-diol (8), 1-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-(2S,3S,4R,8Z)-2-[(2′R)-2′-hydroxytetracosanoylamino]-8(Z)-octadene-1,3,4-triol (9), (2S,3S,4R,10E)-2-[(2′R)-2′-hydroxytetracosanoylamino]-10-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (10), 6′-O-(4″-hydroxy-trans-cinnamoyl)-kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (tribuloside, 11), 3-cinnamoyltribuloside (12) and sulfonoquinovosyldiacylglyceride (13). Among these, six compounds (8–13) are reported for the first time from this plant. Cytotoxicity evaluation of the compounds against five cancer cell lines (CHO, HepG2, HeLa, A-431 and MCF-7) shows promising IC₅₀ values for compounds 4, 6 and 12.     

Antioxidant,Anti-Inflammatory,and Anti-Diabetic Activity of Phenolic Acids Fractions Obtained from Aerva lanata (L.) Juss.

Many plants that are commonly used in folk medicine have multidirectional biological properties confirmed by scientific research. One of them is Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. (F. Amaranthaceae). It is widely used, but there are very few scientific data about its chemical composition and pharmacological activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the chemical composition of phenolic acid (PA)-rich fractions isolated from methanolic extracts of A. lanata (L.) Juss. herb using the liquid/liquid extraction method and their potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic properties. The free PA fraction (FA), the PA fraction (FB) released after acid hydrolysis, and the PA fraction (FC) obtained after alkaline hydrolysis were analysed using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). The phenolic profile of each sample showed a high concentration of PAs and their presence in A. lanata (L.) Juss. herb mainly in bound states. Thirteen compounds were detected and quantified in all samples, including some PAs that had not been previously detected in this plant species. Bioactivity assays of all fractions revealed high 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH^•) (2.85 mM Trolox equivalents (TE)/g) and 2,2-azino-bis-3(ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS^•+) (2.88 mM TE/g) scavenging activity. Fraction FB definitely exhibited not only the highest antiradical activity but also the strongest xanthine oxidase (XO) (EC₅₀ = 1.77 mg/mL) and lipoxygenase (LOX)(EC₅₀ = 1.88 mg/mL) inhibitory potential. The fraction had the best anti-diabetic properties, i.e., mild inhibition of α-amylase (EC₅₀ = 7.46 mg/mL) and strong inhibition of α-glucosidase (EC₅₀ = 0.30 mg/mL). The activities of all analysed samples were strongly related to the presence of PA compounds and the total PA content.     

Aerva lanata flower extract mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Their characterization,in vitro antioxidants and antimicrobial investigations

The production of nanoparticles (NPs) using biological methods may lead to the enhancement of clean, non-hazardous, and environmentally acceptable procedures. With this context, in the present study silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using the flower extract of Aerva lanata (A. lanata). The following techniques, including UV–visible spectroscopy, XRD, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), are used to study the crystalline nature, size, shape, and elemental composition of the biosynthesized AgNPs, and antimicrobial applications of the NPs also studied. In UV–visible spectroscopy results a strong absorbance peak at 425 nm confirmed the AgNPs. The SEM results confirmed the spherical shape of the NPs and their average size of 45.05 nm. X-ray diffractometry XRD spectra confirmed the crystalline nature of the AgNPs. Against the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), nitric oxide and superoxide radicals, Alf-AgNPs and ascorbic acid had significant scavenging effects at higher concentration of 250 μg/mL, exhibited 65.76 ± 0.41% and 86.42 ± 0.69%, 78.39 ± 0.49% and 72.72 ± 0.14% and 70.79 ± 0.87% and 72.79 ± 0.33% inhibition, respectively. As produced AgNPs had strong antibacterial and moderate antifungal activities against pathogenic test bacterial strains viz. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia) with the maximum zone of inhibition 15 ± 1.07 mm, 12 ± 0.96 mm, 14 ± 1.05 mm, and 15 ± 2.54 mm, respectively at maximum (75 μg/mL) concentration of AgNPs, and the zone of inhibition of fungal strains Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) (9 ± 0.67 mm) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) (7 ± 0.75 mm) at 75 μg/mL. It was eventually concluded that the biosynthesized Alf-AgNPs showed promising antioxidant and antimicrobial agents with very low concentrations.     

LC-ESI-MS/MS Polyphenolic Profile and In Vitro Study of Cosmetic Potential of Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. Herb Extracts

The aim of the present study was to investigate the phenolic composition and the biological properties of different Aerva lanata (L). Juss. herb extracts obtained with the use of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), i.e., a green, ecological method, for cosmetic purposes. All samples exhibited high DPPH^• (9.17–119.85 mg TE/g) and ABTS^•+ (9.90–107.58 mg TE/g) scavenging activity. The extracts exhibited considerable anti-lipoxygenase (EC₅₀ between 1.14 mg/mL and 3.73 mg/mL) and anti-xanthine oxidase (EC₅₀ between 1.28 mg/mL and 3.72 mg/mL) activities, moderate chelating activity (EC₅₀ between 1.58 mg/mL and 5.30 mg/mL), and high antioxidant potential in the ORAC assay (0.36–3.84 mM TE/g). Changes in the polyphenol profile of the analysed samples depending on the solvent and temperature used for the extraction were determined with the liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method. Twenty-one phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, were detected and quantified. It was shown that tiliroside was one of the main phenolic metabolites in the A. lanata (L.) Juss. herb., which may suggest that this compound may be largely responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts. In addition, the studied extracts exhibited promising skin-related (anti-tyrosinase, anti-elastase, anti-collagenase, and anti-hyaluronidase) activity. This study showed that Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. contains high amounts of phenolic compounds, including tiliroside, and has good skin-related activities. Therefore, the plant may be interesting as a novel source of bioactive agents for cosmetic industries.     

Structure of the alkaloids of the gentian

Conclusions An analysis of the NMR spectra of three new alkaloids of Gentiana (gentianadine, gentianamine, and gentianaine) has confirmed the correctness of the structures previously established for these compounds.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 14–17, 1969     

Oxytropis alkaloids II. Structure of oxytriphine

The new alkaloid oxytriphine, the parent of natural 2-oxazoline derivatives, has been isolated from the epigeal part ofOxytropis trichophysa; and its structure has been established as (5S)-(+)-2,5-diphenyl-2-oxazoline. (-)-N-Benzoyl-2-phenyl-2-hydroxyethylamine and benzoic acid have been detected in this plant for the first time. A hypothesis of the possible biogenetic interrelationship of the compounds isolated is put forward.     

Triterpenoids from the leaves ofBetula lanata

From the unsaponifiable fraction of an ethereal extract of the leaves ofBetula lanata, in addition to 3-epiocotillol (I) we have isolated a new triterpene, 20(S), 24(R)-epoxydammarane-3α,11α,25-triol (V) and also derivatives of it — the monoacetates at C-3 (II) and C-11 (III), and the monoketone at C-3 (IV). The structures of compounds (I-V) have been established on the basis of the results of physicochemical investigations.