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1.
Hui Li Shao‐Xu Wang Zihang Huang Shihui Zhang Yini Li Liangjun Han Zhicheng Tan 《先进技术聚合物》2014,25(10):1163-1168
Polyaniline/neodymium(III) oxide (PANI/Nd2O3) composites were synthesized by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method, and the new electrode materials were used for supercapacitor. The composites were characterized physically by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). SEM, IR and XRD results showed the existence of interactions between PANI and Nd2O3. The electrochemical capacitance performance of the composites was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge tests and ac impedance spectroscopy with a three‐electrode system in 6 M KOH solution. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge tests proved that the addition of Nd2O3 enhanced the capacitance of the composites. However, the conductivity of the composites decreases with increasing the amount of Nd2O3. Electrochemical impedance tests manifest that the charge‐transfer resistance of the composites is smaller than that of the pure PANI, which indicates the addition of Nd2O3 could lower resistance and facilitate the charge transfer of the active materials. All results support that Nd2O3 has a significant contribution to the performance of PANI and makes the composites have more active sites for faradiac reaction and larger specific capacitance than pure PANI. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
Although the diameter of conductive polymer nanoparticles can be controlled effectively, the uniformity of particle length is still very challenging. In this study, with the temperature‐sensitive block copolymer PS111‐b‐PNIPAM114 as the template, the morphology and size of polyaniline (PANI) particles had been controllably adjusted through the change of temperature. Additionally, the electrochemical performance of each sample was investigated. After PS111‐b‐PNIPAM114 was synthesized through the reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer radical polymerization (RAFT), with its vesicular micelle as the “template”, the PANI particles with uniform length distribution were prepared successfully at 40°C. The average length of PANI particles after template removal was 254.07 nm with a short tail distribution, which was closer to the average than the standard normal distribution. Electrochemical results of PANI showed that it had good electrochemical activity with fast charge and discharge ability. And, with the current density of 1 A·g?1, its discharge‐specific capacitance could reach up to 805.61 F·g?1. 相似文献
3.
Multi-layered electrodes which consist of polyaniline (PANI)/manganese dioxide (MnO2)-multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are prepared as the electrode materials for supercapacitors. MnO2-MWNTs are made by the in situ direct coating method to deposit MnO2 onto MWNTs; the core/shell structure of multi-layered fibrous electrodes can also be obtained by PANI coating onto the MnO2-MWNTs. The effect of PANI coating on the electrochemical performance and cyclic stability of MnO2-MWNTs is investigated. From the cyclic voltammograms, the PANI/MnO2-MWNTs show remarkably enhanced specific capacitance and cycle stability compared to MnO2-MWNTs, where the highest specific capacitance (350 F/g) is obtained at a current density of 0.2 A/g for the PANI/MnO2-MWNTs as compared to 92 F/g for pristine MWNTs and 306 F/g for MnO2-MWNTs. This indicates that the improved electrochemical performance of PANI/MnO2-MWNTs is due to the enhanced electrical properties by nano-scale-coated MnO2 onto MWNTs and the PANI coating that leads to the increased cycle stability by delaying the dissolution of MnO2 during charge/discharge tests. 相似文献
4.
The effect of the polyaniline morphology on the performance of polyaniline supercapacitors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Haihui Zhou Hong Chen Shenglian Luo Gewu Lu Wanzhi Wei Yafei Kuang 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2005,9(8):574-580
The polyaniline (PANI) prepared by the pulse galvanostatic method (PGM) or the galvanostatic method on a stainless steel substrate from an aqueous solution of 0.5 mol/l H2SO4 with 0.2 mol/l aniline has been studied as an electroactive material in supercapacitors. The electrochemical performance of the PANI supercapacitor is characterized by cyclic voltammetry, a galvanostatic charge–discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in NaClO4 and HClO4 mixed electrolyte. The results show that PANI films with different morphology and hence different capacitance are synthesized by controlling the synthesis methods and conditions. Owing to the double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance increase with increasing real surface area of PANI, the capacitive performances of PANI were enhanced with increasing real surface area of PANI. The highest capacitance is obtained for the PANI film with nanofibrous morphology. From charge–discharge studies of a nanofibrous PANI capacitor, a specific capacitance of 609 F/g and a specific energy density of 26.8 Wh/kg have been obtained at a discharge current density of 1.5 mA/cm2. The PANI capacitor also shows little degradation of capacitance after 1,000 cycles. The effects of discharge current density and deposited charge of PANI on capacitance are investigated. The results indicate that the nanofibrous PANI prepared by the PGM is promising for supercapacitors. 相似文献
5.
Hui Xu Junlong Zhang Yong Chen Hailin Lu Junxia Zhuang 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2014,18(3):813-819
Polyaniline doped with Zn2+ (PANI/Zn2+) films was synthesized by cyclic voltammetric method on stainless steel mesh substrates in 0.2 mol L?1 aniline and 0.5 mol L?1 sulfuric acid electrolyte with various concentrations of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4·7H2O). The structure and morphology of PANI and PANI/Zn2+ films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The electrochemical properties of PANI and PANI/Zn2+ films were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge test, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 0.5 mol L?1 H2SO4 electrolyte in a three-electrode system. The results show that the surface morphology of PANI/Zn2+ is more rough than that of pure PANI. The specific capacitance of the PANI/Zn2+ film displays a larger specific capacitance of 738 F g?1, lower resistance, and better stability as compared with the pure PANI film. Thus, good capacitive performance demonstrates its potential superiority for supercapacitors. 相似文献
6.
Large-scale synthesized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) prepared by electric arc discharge method and a mixture of NiO and Y2O3 as catalyst have been used as electrode materials for supercapacitors. N2 adsorption/desorption measurement shows that the SWNT is a microporous and mesoporous material with specific surface area 435 m^2·g^-1. The specific capacitance of the nitric acid treated SWNT in aqueous electrolyte reaches as high as 105 F/g, which is a combination of electric double layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance. The SWNT-based capacitors also have good charge/discharge reversibility and cycling perdurability. 相似文献
7.
Shuai Wang Shuo Huang Minjie Yao Yan Zhang Zhiqiang Niu 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(29):11800-11807
The reversible capacity of AlCl4? intercalation/de‐intercalation in conventional cathodes of aluminum‐ion batteries (AIBs) is difficult to improve due to the large size of AlCl4? anions. Therefore, it is highly desirable to realize the intercalation/de‐intercalation of smaller Al‐based ions. Here, we fabricated polyaniline/single‐walled carbon nanotubes (PANI/SWCNTs) composite films and protonated the PANI nanorods. The protonation endows PANI with more active sites and enhanced conductivity. Hyper self‐protonated PANI (PANI(H+)) exhibits reversible AlCl2+ intercalation/de‐intercalation during the discharge/charge process. As a result, the discharge capacity of the Al/PANI(H+) battery is twice as high as that of the initial composite films. PANI(H+)@SWCNT electrodes also have a stable cycling life with only 0.003 % capacity decay per cycle over 8000 cycles. Owing to the excellent mechanical properties, PANI(H+)@SWCNT composite films can act as the electrodes of flexible AIBs. 相似文献
8.
Polyaniline Nanotubes Prepared by One-Step Synergistic Polymerization of Aniline and Acrylic Acid
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The electrochemical property of electrode materials greatly depends on their morphologies. This report introduces a novel and facile synthesis method for polyaniline (PANI) nanotubes from one-step synergistic polymerization of aniline and acrylic acid in an aqueous solution induced by the addition of ammonium persulfate (APS). The molar ratio of aniline to AA (\begin{document}$X_{\rm{ani/AA}}$\end{document} ) is found to have great influence on the morphology of the produced PANI. Hollow PANI nanotubes with an average inner diameter of 80 nm and outer diameter of 180 nm can be mainly produced when \begin{document}$X_{\rm{ani/AA}}$\end{document} is not higher than 1. The electrochemical properties of the prepared PANI nanotubes have been investigated using a three-electrode system. The specific capacitance of PANI nanotubes can reach 436 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g in 1 mol/L H\begin{document}$_2$\end{document} SO\begin{document}$_4$\end{document} solution. Furthermore, the specific capacitance of the PANI nanotube maintains 89.2% after 500 charging/discharging cycles at a current density of 0.5 A/g, indicating a good cycling stability. 相似文献
9.
《Analytical letters》2012,45(14):2075-2085
This study describes the formation of composites of polyaniline (PANI)-Carbon Nanotube (CNT) using in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of the monomer aniline. The PANI-CNT composites were characterized by FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopy and XRD method. The surface morphology of the composites was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pseudo-capacitive behavior of deposited PANI over the surface of CNT was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry. The composite was mixed with activated carbon for making the electrode. The specific capacitance of the prepared electrode was tested by means of a half cell test. The PANI-CNT composite with 0.02 M aniline in initial polymerization solution had the thinnest layer and highest specific capacitance of 597.82 F/g in 1 M H2SO4. 相似文献
10.
11.
Abolanle S. Adekunle Kenneth I. Ozoemena Bolade O. Agboola 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2013,17(5):1311-1320
Supercapacitive properties of synthesised metal oxides nanoparticles (MO where M = Ni, Co, Fe) integrated with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) on basal plane pyrolytic graphite electrode (BPPGE) were investigated. Successful modification of the electrode with the MWCNT-MO nanocomposite was confirmed with spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Supercapacitive properties of the modified electrodes in sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) electrolytes were investigated using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic constant current charge–discharge (CD) techniques. The specific capacitance values followed similar trend with that of the cyclic voltammetry and the electrochemical impedance experiments and are slightly lower than values obtained using the galvanostatic charge–discharge cycling. MWCNT-NiO-based electrode gave best specific capacitance of 433.8 mF?cm?2 (ca 2,119 F?g?1) in H2SO4. The electrode exhibited high electrochemical reproducibility with no significant changes over 1,000 cyclic voltammetry cycles. 相似文献
12.
Hui Li Shaoxu Wang Zihang Huang Liangjun Han Shihui Zhang Yini Li Zhicheng Tan 《先进技术聚合物》2014,25(1):66-72
In order to describe the influence of Pr6O11 on thermal and electrochemical performance of polyaniline (PANI), PANI/Pr6O11 composites were synthesized by in situ polymerization in the presence of sulfosalicylic acid (as dopant). The composites obtained was characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and X‐ray diffraction. The thermal stability of the composites was investigated by thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry. Finally, the comparative analysis on the electrochemical properties of PANI/Pr6O11 composites electrodes, such as cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and constant current charge–discharge test, was conducted under similar conditions. Scanning electron microscope, infrared, and X‐ray diffraction results show that interaction exists between PANI and Pr6O11, and the composites are more crystalline than pure PANI. Thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry analyses indicate that PANI/Pr6O11 composites and pure PANI have similar thermal stability. Moreover, the studies regarded to capacitive properties show that the electrochemical performance of the composites is improved greatly when Pr6O11 is added in small amount. However, with increasing the amount of Pr6O11, the electrochemical performance of the composites become worse, which indicates a large amount of Pr6O11 has a negative effect on the capacitance. These results suggest that PANI is still in the conductive form after inserting the Pr6O11, and the capacitance performance of PANI can be improved only by a low percentage of Pr6O11. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
Yang Lu Menglong Zhao Rongjie Luo Qiuhong Yu Jinru Lv Weixiao Wang Hailong Yan Tao Peng Xianming Liu Yongsong Luo 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2018,22(3):657-666
MnMoO4 nanotubes of diameter about 120 nm were successfully synthesized by a single-spinneret electrospinning technique followed by calcination in air, and their structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties were studied with the aim to fabricate high-performance supercapacitor devices. The obtained MnMoO4 nanotubes display a 1D architecture with a porous structure and hollow interiors. Benefiting from intriguing structural features, the unique MnMoO4 nanotube electrodes exhibit a high specific capacitance, excellent rate capability, and cycling stability. As an example, the tube-like MnMoO4 delivers a specific capacitance of 620 F g?1 at a current density of 1 A g?1, and 460 F g?1 even at a very high current density of 60 A g?1. Remarkably, almost no decay in specific capacitance is found after continuous charge/discharge cycling for 10,000 cycles at 1 A g?1. An asymmetric supercapacitor fabricated from this MnMoO4 nanotubes and activated carbon displayed a maximum high energy density of 31.7 Wh kg?1 and a power density of 797 W kg?1, demonstrating a good prospect for practical applications in energy storage electronics. 相似文献
14.
Synthesis,characterization, thermal,electrical and magnetic properties of polyaniline composites with rare earth gadolinium coordination complex
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Novel polyaniline/gadolinium (PANI/Gd) composites were successfully synthesized by “in‐situ” polymerization at the presence of rare earth Gd coordination complex and D‐tartaric acid (an a dopant). It is rarely to find the studies on related field to add rare earth Gd coordination complex as fillers. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to examine the structure and surface appearance characterization of materials. The thermal stability performance of composites was investigated by thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry (TG‐DTG). Electrochemical performance was measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge–discharge test. The magnetic property was investigated by physical property measurement system (PPMS). The structure and surface appearance characterization and the magnetic properties jointly demonstrate the polymerization of rare earth Gd coordination complex and PANI–D‐tartrate (DTA) not only simple physical mixing but also chemical mixing. TG‐DTG analysis suggests that thermal stability of PANI/Gd composites is higher than that of PANI–DTA. Electrochemical performance tests and SEM indicate that the composite (PANI/Gd = 3.3:1,mass ratio) has the most regular morphology and best specific capacitance. The magnetization of the composite (PANI/Gd = 3.3:1,mass ratio)is evidently smaller compared with PANI–DTA and rare earth Gd coordination complex. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
Hongjin Qiu Meixiang Wan 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2001,39(20):3485-3497
4‐{n‐[4‐(4‐Nitrophenylazo)phenyloxy]alkyl}aminobenzene sulfonic acid (Cn‐ABSA, where n = 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10) as a novel dopant for conducting polymers of polyaniline (PANI) was designed and synthesized. The molecular structure of Cn‐ABSA was characterized with 1H NMR, Fourier transform infrared, and secondary‐ion mass spectrometry. Nanostructures (nanotubes or nanorods) of PANI–(Cn‐ABSA) were successfully synthesized with a self‐assembly process in the presence of Cn‐ABSA as the dopant. The morphology (shape and size) and conductivity of the resulting nanostructures strongly depended on the number of alkyl groups (n) and, in particular, the addition of water before polymerization. The formed micelles of aniline/Cn‐ABSA/water were proposed to be templatelike in forming PANI–(Cn‐ABSA) nanostructures on the basis of the emulsion properties measured by dynamic light scattering. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 3485–3497, 2001 相似文献
16.
Erfan Mafakheri Abdollah Salimi Rahman Hallaj Abdolali Ramazani Mohamad Almasi Kashi 《Electroanalysis》2011,23(10):2429-2437
For the first time iridium oxide (IrO2) nanotubes are synthesized by electrodeposition in a polycarbonate (PC) template. Potential cycling (90 cycles) between 0.0 and 0.9 V is used for the preparation of IrOx nanotubes onto the PC template with a pore diameter of 100 nm. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images show, that IrO2 nanotubes with uniform diameters of 110±10 nm and an estimated length of 1–3 µm are formed. The electrochemical properties and the electrocatalytic activity of a glassy carbon‐IrOx nanotube modified electrode toward Cr3+ and As3+ oxidation are investigated. Finally, the modified electrode is used for micromolar detection of the proposed analytes using differential pulse voltammetry. 相似文献
17.
MnO2/polyaniline/graphene composite as a supercapacitor electrode material was synthesized through an interfacial polymerization approach in the interface of oil/water phase. The as‐synthesized MPG is characterized by infrared spectroscopy, XRD, XPS, SEM and TEM, and its electrochemical performance is measured by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The 3D nanostructure of MPG and loose nanorod structure of polyaniline (PANI) coated with round MnO2 pellets could be clearly observed. The maximum energy density of MPG is 45.4 Wh/kg (at a power density of 67.8 kW/kg) and the highest power density is 229.2 kW/kg (at an energy density of 25.7 Wh/kg). The capacitance retentions after 500 cycles at the scan rate of 5 mV/s for MGP composite and PANI/graphene are 70.4% and 59.1%, respectively, and the capacitance values after 500 cycles are 158.4 F/g and 114.8 F/g, respectively. The improved performance of MPG is due to the 3D nanostructure, loose nanorod structure of PANI and stable support of graphene, which prevent the mechanical deformation effectively during the fast charge/discharge process and facilitate the diffusion of the electrolyte ions into the inner region of active materials. The composite material is very promising for the next generation of high‐performance supercapacitors electrode. 相似文献
18.
The focus of this study was to synthesize the inherently conductive polymer polyaniline using an optimized process to prepare polyaniline/silicon dioxide (PANI/SiO2) composites by in situ polymerization and ex situ solution mixing. PANI and PANI/SiO2 composite films were prepared by drop‐by‐drop and spin coating methods. The electrical conductivities of HCl doped PANI film and PANI/SiO2 composite films were measured according to the standard four‐point‐probe technique. The composite films exhibited an increase in electrical conductivity over neat PANI. PANI and PANI/SiO2 composites were also investigated by spectroscopic methods including UV‐Vis, FT‐IR, and Photoluminescence. UV‐Vis and FT‐IR studies showed that SiO2 particles affect the quinoid units along the polymer backbone and indicate strong interactions between the SiO2 particles and the quinoidal sites of PANI (doping effect). The photoluminescence properties of PANI and PANI/SiO2 composites were studied and the PANI/SiO2 composites showed increased intensity as compared to neat PANI. The increase of conductivity of PANI/SiO2 composite may be partially due to the doping or impurity effect of SiO2 where the silicon dioxides compete with chloride ions. The morphology of particles and films were examined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM measurements indicated that the SiO2 were well dispersed and isolated in composite films. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
Polyanilines (PANIs) doped with Zn2+ and Cu2+ were synthesized by H2O2 oxidative polymerization of aniline in the presence of corresponding metal chloride in solution. The products were characterized by elemental analysis, UV‐Vis‐NIR, FTIR and Raman spectroscopies. Scanning electron micrograph was employed to examine the morphology of PANIs fabricated in the presence of different transition metals. Experimental results showed that transition metal ions had been successfully incorporated into the polymer, and there was a strong interaction between the transition metal ions and the PANI chains. The electrical conductivity of PANI doped with Zn2+ and Cu2+ is 0.37 and 0.21 S/cm, respectively, which is higher than that of HCl doping PANI corresponding to 0.052 S/cm. The cyclic voltammetric study has indicated that incorporation of metal ions in PANI backbone results in increasing of specific capacitance compared to that of HCl doping PANI. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
活性碳纳米管的制备及其在有机电解液中的电容性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以KOH为活化剂对碳纳米管进行化学活化制备双电层电容器用高比表面积活性碳纳米管. 采用TEM和N2吸附法表征活性碳纳米管的结构, 采用恒流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等评价其在1 mol•L-1 Et4NBF4/PC中的电容性能. 随活化剂用量增大、活化温度升高和活化时间的延长, 活性碳纳米管的比表面积和比电容都呈增大的趋势. 活化剂用量为3∶1, 800 ℃活化4 h制备的活性碳纳米管的比表面积663 m2•g-1, 比活化前提高了3倍, 其比电容达57.2 F• g-1, 比活化前提高了2倍. 将活性碳纳米管的比电容与其比表面积相关联, 发现两者之间具有非常好的线性关系, 并分析了原因. 相似文献