多组分反应在合成含肽类药物开发中的应用

多组分反应可以快速大量的合成结构复杂的药物分子,因此现代药物开发与多组分反应的发展密切相关。本文总结了近年来国内外有关多组分反应研究的发展概况及其在含肽链类新药物开发中的应用研究进展。     

通过Michael加成反应和氧化环化反应合成多取代缺电子环丁烷

从简单易得的原料出发实现了多取代缺电子环丁烷的合成.该合成方法的关键反应是Michael加成反应和氧化环化反应.得到了目标产物的单晶结构,并且提出了可能的氧化环化反应机理.     

Passerini多组分反应研究进展

多组分反应操作简便、原子经济性高,是一类重要的有机反应。经典Passerini反应是以异腈、醛酮、羧酸为原料一步合成α-酰氧基酰胺的多组分反应,其产物作为重要的有机中间体,可以进一步合成许多重要的药物、天然产物和功能材料等复杂有机分子,具有广泛的应用价值。本文从反应底物、串联反应及相关应用的角度阐述近5年来Passerini多组分反应研究的新进展。     

异腈参与的多组分反应研究进展

多组分反应由于反应本身的经济性和生态价值,越来越受到人们的重视。异腈的亲电和亲核反应均发生在碳原子上,因此在多组分反应中具有重要作用。本文就近年来有异腈参与的多组分反应进行了综述,主要阐述了Ugi反应和Passerini反应及其他含异腈参与的多组分反应的机理、研究开展及应用情况。     

微波辐射下芳醛与活性亚甲基化合物的反应

芳醛、5，5－二甲基－1，3－环己二酮、丙二酸亚异丙酯经微波辐射发生缩合、加成、环化及消去反应，一步合成了7，7－二甲基－4－芳基－2，5－二氧代－1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8－八氢喹啉和7，7－二甲基－4－芳基－5－氧代－3，4，5，6，7，8－六氢香豆素，反应在3－5min内完成，产率优良。产物的结构经红外及核磁共振等方法确证。     

谈谈麦克尔反应

讨论了麦克尔（Ｍｉｃｈａｅｌ）反应及其在有机合成上的应用。     

多组分反应合成杂环化合物研究进展

利用多组分反应合成结构复杂多样的杂环化合物,在有机合成领域具有广阔的应用前景和研究价值.本文综述了近年来多组分反应在五元杂环、六元杂环、多元杂环合成中的研究进展,同时对杂环化合物的绿色合成方法做出展望.     

多组分Passerini反应的研究进展

Passerini反应是一类重要的多组分反应,通过该反应可以合成许多重要的天然产物、复杂分子及药物分子,具有很好的使用价值和应用前景。本文从非对映选择性、立体选择性及应用等方面综述了Passerini反应近年来的研究进展。     

多组分反应合成吡喃衍生物的研究进展

综述了近几年来利用多组分反应合成吡喃衍生物的研究进展,详细地介绍了不同底物参与的反应所需的条件,产率和机理研究,并对其发展方向加以展望.     

高效离子液体催化剂合成及其在多组分串联反应中的应用

为了适应新时代实验教学的发展要求,本实验将“离子液体”和“多组分反应”两个概念引入到本科实验教学中,通过离子液体催化的两个多组分串联反应合成两类重要的4H-吡喃类化合物。该实验反应条件温和、现象明显,稳定性和重现性好,催化体系廉价、循环套用5次催化活性没有明显的降低,有助于帮助学生树立绿色化学理念。另外,该实验可根据实验教学要求拆分成多个实验,很适合作为新的课题引入到大学本科实验教学中。     

Fe‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reactions: The Regioselective Alkoxy Allylation of Activated Olefins and its Application in Sequential Fe Catalysis

We present herein a versatile and broadly applicable Fe‐catalyzed regioselective alkoxy allylation of activated double bonds. Substituted allylic carbonates are converted into the corresponding σ‐enyl Fe complexes by reaction with Bu₄N[Fe(CO)₃(NO)] (TBAFe) at 30 °C. The liberated alkoxide adds to an activated double bond with the generation of a C‐nucleophile, which is trapped by the σ‐enyl Fe complex in a regioselective manner. Alternatively, the alkoxide acts as a base in deprotonating an external pronucleophile, which undergoes Michael addition. The method is characterized by a broad functional group tolerance, mild reaction conditions, low catalyst loadings, and high regioselectivities in favor of the ipso‐substitution product.     

Sodium Acetate Catalyzed Multicomponent Cyclization of Aromatic Aldehydes, Acetone and Meldrum Acid

The sodium acetate catalyzed three‐component reaction of aromatic aldehyde, acetone and Meldrum acid or spirolactone at room temperature gave stereospecific 7,11‐cis‐diaryl‐2,4‐dioxaspiro[5,5]undecane‐1,5,9‐triones in a very efficient manner.     

Photoinduced Multicomponent Reactions

The combination of multicomponent approaches with light‐driven processes opens up new scenarios in the area of synthetic organic chemistry, where the need for sustainable, atom‐ and energy‐efficient reactions is increasingly urgent. Photoinduced multicomponent reactions are still in their infancy, but significant developments in this area are expected in the near future.     

Applications of Multicomponent Reactions to the Synthesis of Diverse Heterocyclic Scaffolds

The sequencing of multicomponent reactions (MCRs) and subsequent cyclization reactions is a powerful stratagem for the rapid synthesis of diverse heterocyclic scaffolds. The optimal MCR is sufficiently flexible that it can be employed to generate adducts bearing a variety of functional groups that may then be selectively paired to enable different cyclization manifolds, thereby leading to a diverse collection of products. The growing interest in diversity‐oriented synthesis has led to increased attention to this paradigm for library synthesis, which has inspired many advances in the design and implementation of MCRs for the construction of diverse heterocyclic scaffolds.     

不对称多组分反应

由于多组分反应自身所具有的优势及其在新药发现中的应用,多组分反应特别是不对称多组分反应成为一个非常有吸引力的研究领域。本文从非对映选择性和对映选择性控制两个方面对不对称多组分反应的最新研究进展进行了综述。重点介绍了反应中所使用的催化剂体系及有关反应机理。最后提出了不对称多组分反应研究中存在的一些问题,并对其今后的发展方向进行了展望。     

Highly Functionalized Cyclopentane Derivatives by Tandem Michael Addition/Radical Cyclization/Oxygenation Reactions

Densely functionalized cyclopentane derivatives with up to four consecutive stereocenters are assembled by a tandem Michael addition/single‐electron transfer oxidation/radical cyclization/oxygenation strategy mediated by ferrocenium hexafluorophosphate, a recyclable, less toxic single‐electron transfer oxidant. Ester enolates were coupled with α‐benzylidene and α‐alkylidene β‐dicarbonyl compounds with switchable diastereoselectivity. This pivotal steering element subsequently controls the diastereoselectivity of the radical cyclization step. The substitution pattern of the radical cyclization acceptor enables a switch of the cyclization mode from a 5‐exo pattern for terminally substituted olefin units to a 6‐endo mode for internally substituted acceptors. The oxidative anionic/radical strategy also allows efficient termination by oxygenation with the free radical 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinoxyl, and two C?C bonds and one C?O bond are thus formed in the sequence. A stereochemical model is proposed that accounts for all of the experimental results and allows the prediction of the stereochemical outcome. Further transformations of the synthesized cyclopentanes are reported.     

Knoevenagel缩合反应研究的新进展

综述了近年来Knoevenagel缩合反应研究的新进展, 包括微波、超声波、固相合成、离子液体等新技术新试剂在该反应中的应用.