铁磁─反铁磁双层系统低温特性(英文)

采用自旋波的理论研究反铁磁层间耦合强度和不同自旋值对铁磁—反铁磁双层系统磁性质的影响，在层间反铁磁耦合情况下．得出了不同自旋值时每层子晶格交叉点的温度，在低温下表现出量子效应。     

Specific Heat of a Two-Layer Magnetic Superlattice

The specific heats of both a two-layer ferromagnetic superlattice and atwo-layer ferrimagnetic one are studied. It is found that the spin quantumnumbers, the interlayer and intralayer exchange couplings, the anisotropy,the applied magnetic field, and the temperature all affect the specificheat of these superlattices. For both the ferromagnetic and ferrimagneticsuperlattices, the specific heat decreases with increasing the spin quantumnumber, the absolute value of interlayer exchange coupling, intralayerexchange coupling, and anisotropy, while it increases with increasingtemperature at low temperatures. When an applied magnetic field is enhanced, the specific heat decreases in the two-layer ferromagnetic superlattice, while it is almost unchanged in the two-layer ferrimagnetic superlattice at low field range at low temperatures.     

Compass-anisotropy-modulated helical states and skyrmion crystals in chiral magnets

The compass-type anisotropy appears naturally in chiral magnets with strong spin-orbit coupling. In this work, we investigate the critical roles of compass anisotropy in modulating various spin textures of chiral magnets, by Monte Carlo simulations. The simulated results reveal a gradual helical reorientation and varying symmetry of skyrmion crystal structures as a function of compass anisotropy. Furthermore, an extended continuum spin model with the lattice discretization anisotropy is proposed to interpret the dependences of helical and skyrmion crystal structures on the compass anisotropy. It is demonstrated that specific helical propagating directions are favored by the high-order lattice anisotropy arising from spin interactions in discretized lattice. Besides that, some threshold values for the helical structures are identified by analytical approach.     

Interlayer magnetic coupling in multilayer magnetic Fe/Cr/Fe systems

The interlayer magnetic coupling of iron layers as a function of the chromium spacer thickness and temperature has been studied for three-layer epitaxial Fe/Cr/Fe films by the methods of Kerr magnetometry and Mandelstam-Brillouin scattering. The results obtained indicate that the short-period component of the interlayer exchange is related to the spin density wave in the chromium spacer.     

Spin Josephson current in a ferromagnet/noncentrosymmetric superconductor junction

We investigate the equilibrium spin transport in a ferromagnet/noncentrosymmetric superconductor (FM/NCS) junction where the NCS has a dominant triplet order parameter and helical edge state. Based on the symmetry analysis and numerical calculation, we demonstrate that there is a nonzero spin supercurrent flowing in the junction, which stems from the exchange coupling between the FM magnetization and triplet Cooper-pair spin. It is also found that a transverse spin current other than the helical edge spin current is flowing along the interface of the junction, and its polarization is related to the longitudinal spin supercurrent. Besides, an equilibrium Hall current is also shown to flow along the junction’s interface due to the broken time-reversal symmetry from the FM.     

Hysteresis-free spin valves with a noncollinear configuration of magnetic anisotropy

A noncollinear configuration of magnetic anisotropy in spin valves with strong and weak interlayer couplings has been formed by annealing and cooling in a magnetic field. The dependence of the low-field magnetoresistance hysteresis loop width on the angle between the applied magnetic field and the principal axes of the magnetic anisotropy in a spin valve has been investigated. It has been found that, only in the case of a strong ferromagnetic interlayer coupling, the formation of a noncollinear configuration of the magnetic anisotropy provides a hysteresis-free character of the magnetization reversal of the free layer with retaining the maximum magnetoresistance and magnetoresistive sensitivity.     

Thermodynamic properties of LiCu2O2 multiferroic compound

A spin model of quasi-one-dimensional LiCu₂O₂ compound with ground state of ellipsoidal helical structure has been adopted. The helical axis is along the diagonal of CuO₄ squares. By taking into account the interchain coupling and exchange anisotropy, the exotic magnetic properties and ferroelectricity induced by spiral spin order have been studied by performing Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation results qualitatively reproduce the main characters of ferroelectric and magnetic behaviors of LiCu₂O₂ compound and confirm the low-temperature noncollinear spiral ordering. Furthermore, by performing the calculations of spin structure factor, we systematically investigate the effects of different exchange couplings on the lower-temperature magnetic transition, and find that the spiral spin order depends not only on the ratio of nearest and next-nearest neighbor inchain spin coupling but also strongly on the exchange anisotropy.     

Magnetic stripe domains in coupled magnetic sandwiches

Magnetic stripe domains in the spin reorientation transition region are investigated in (Fe/Ni)/Cu(001) and Co/Cu/(Fe/Ni)/Cu(001) using photoemission electron microscopy. For (Fe/Ni)/Cu(001), the stripe domain width decreases exponentially as the Fe/Ni film approaches the spin reorientation transition point. For Co/Cu/(Fe/Ni)/Cu(001), the Fe/Ni stripe orientation is aligned with the Co in-plane magnetization, and the stripe domain width decreases exponentially with increasing the interlayer coupling between the Fe/Ni and Co films. By considering magnetic stripes within an in-plane magnetic field, we reveal a universal dependence of the stripe domain width on the magnetic anisotropy and on the interlayer coupling.     

Phonon-induced backscattering in helical edge states

A single pair of helical edge states as realized at the boundary of a quantum spin Hall insulator is known to be robust against elastic single particle backscattering as long as time reversal symmetry is preserved. However, there is no symmetry preventing inelastic backscattering as brought about by phonons in the presence of Rashba spin orbit coupling. In this Letter, we show that the quantized conductivity of a single channel of helical Dirac electrons is protected even against this inelastic mechanism to leading order. We further demonstrate that this result remains valid when Coulomb interaction is included in the framework of a helical Tomonaga Luttinger liquid.     

Two-dimensional topological insulator state and topological phase transition in bilayer graphene

We show that gated bilayer graphene hosts a strong topological insulator (TI) phase in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit (SO) coupling. We find that gated bilayer graphene under preserved time-reversal symmetry is a quantum valley Hall insulator for small Rashba SO coupling λ(R), and transitions to a strong TI when λ(R)>√[U(2)+t(⊥)(2)], where U and t(⊥) are, respectively, the interlayer potential and tunneling energy. Different from a conventional quantum spin Hall state, the edge modes of our strong TI phase exhibit both spin and valley filtering, and thus share the properties of both quantum spin Hall and quantum valley Hall insulators. The strong TI phase remains robust in the presence of weak graphene intrinsic SO coupling.     

Electronic structure and magnetism of La(4)Ni(3)O(8) from first principles

The magnetic and electronic properties of La(4)Ni(3)O(8) are investigated by performing the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method. The C-type antiferromagnetic spin ordering is preferred and a molecular correlated insulating state with high-spin Ni ions is found. Our results have proved that this insulating state is caused by a correlation effect and the strong interlayer interaction. Such strong interlayer coupling results from the high-spin occupation of Ni ions.     

Magnetization and magnetic susceptibility of the Ising ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic superlattice

A linear cluster mean-field approximation is used to study the magnetic properties of the Ising ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic superlattice, which is composed of a spin-1/2 ferromagnetic monolayer and a spin-1 antiferromagnetic monolayer with a single-ion anisotropy alternatively. By using the transfer matrix method, we calculate the magnetization and the initial magnetic susceptibility as functions of temperature for different interlayer coupling, single-ion anisotropy. We summarize the changing behaviors of the spin structure in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic layers and the characteristics of the corresponding magnetic susceptibilities, give the transition temperature as a function of the interlayer exchange coupling for different single-ion anisotropy, and analyze the features of the magnetization and the magnetic susceptibility.     

自旋转向相变中的条纹磁畴研究

用光激发电子显微镜研究了Fe／Ni铁磁膜和Co／Cu／Fe／Ni磁耦合膜中的条纹磁畴．实验发现：在Fe／Ni体系中，条纹磁畴宽度随着铁层厚度趋近于自旋转向相变点呈指数下降；在Co／Cu／Fe／Ni体系中，Fe／M层中的条纹磁畴会沿着钴层磁矩的方向排列，其磁畴宽度会随着Co-Fe／Ni间的层间耦合强度呈指数下降．理论上推导出条纹磁畴随着磁各向异性能和层间耦合强度变化的统一公式，而实验结果与理论符合得非常好。     

自旋转向相变中的条纹磁畴研究

用光激发电子显微镜研究了Fe/Ni铁磁膜和Co/Cu/Fe/Ni磁耦合膜中的条纹磁畴. 实验发现：在Fe/Ni体系中,条纹磁畴宽度随着铁层厚度趋近于自旋转向相变点呈指数下降;在Co/Cu/Fe/Ni体系中,Fe/Ni层中的条纹磁畴会沿着钴层磁矩的方向排列,其磁畴宽度会随着Co－Fe/Ni间的层间耦合强度呈指数下降. 理论上推导出条纹磁畴随着磁各向异性能和层间耦合强度变化的统一公式,而实验结果与理论符合得非常好.     

Effective spin dephasing mechanism in confined two-dimensional topological insulators

A Kramers pair of helical edge states in quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE) is robust against normal dephasing but not robust to spin dephasing. In our work, we provide an effective spin dephasing mechanism in the puddles of two-dimensional (2D) QSHE, which is simulated as quantum dots modeled by 2D massive Dirac Hamiltonian. We demonstrate that the spin dephasing effect can originate from the combination of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling and electron-phonon interaction, which gives rise to inelastic backscattering in edge states within the topological insulator quantum dots, although the time-reversal symmetry is preserved throughout. Finally, we discuss the tunneling between extended helical edge states and local edge states in the QSH quantum dots, which leads to backscattering in the extended edge states. These results can explain the more robust edge transport in InAs/GaSb QSH systems.     

Persistent currents in a graphene ring with armchair edges

A graphene nanoribbon with armchair edges is known to have no edge state. However, if the nanoribbon is in the quantum spin Hall state, then there must be helical edge states. By folding a graphene ribbon into a ring and threading it by a magnetic flux, we study the persistent charge and spin currents in the tight-binding limit. It is found that, for a broad ribbon, the edge spin current approaches a finite value independent of the radius of the ring. For a narrow ribbon, inter-edge coupling between the edge states could open the Dirac gap and reduce the overall persistent currents. Furthermore, by enhancing the Rashba coupling, we find that the persistent spin current gradually reduces to zero at a critical value beyond which the graphene is no longer a quantum spin Hall insulator.     

Synthetic Co50Pt50/Ru/CoFe hard–soft trilayer in spin valves

The influence of deposition power and seedlayer on the properties of hard magnet Co₅₀Pt₅₀ was studied. Co₅₀Pt₅₀(/Co₉₀Fe₁₀)/Ru/Co₉₀Fe₁₀ trilayer was used as pining/pinned layer in spin valves. The influences of different hard layer, soft layer and free layer on exchange bias, interlayer coupling, and magnetoresistance (MR) ratio were studied. Weak antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling was obtained by adjusting the thickness of hard and soft layers. MR of a spin valve with structure Cr2/CoFe0.5/CoPt4/CoFe0.5/Ru0.8/CoFe2.2/Cu2.05/CoFe2.6/Cu1.1/Ta1 reached 10.68% (unit in nm), which is comparable to those of IrMn-based synthetic spin valves. The increment of the coercivity of the free layer is mainly due to the static magnetic interaction between the hard layer and the free layer.     

Spin pumping at the magnetic insulator (YIG)/normal metal (Au) interfaces

Spin injection across the ferrimagnetic insulator (YIG)/normal metal (Au) interface was studied by ferromagnetic resonance. The spin mixing conductance was determined by comparing the Gilbert damping in bare YIG films with those covered by a Au/Fe/Au structure. The Fe layer in Au/Fe/Au acted as a spin sink as displayed by an increased Gilbert damping parameter α compared to that in the bare YIG. In particular, for the 9.0 nm YIG/2.0 nm Au/4.3 nm Fe/6.1 nm Au structure, the YIG and Fe films were coupled by an interlayer exchange coupling, and the exchange coupled YIG exhibited an increased Gilbert damping compared to the bare YIG. This relationship between static and dynamic coupling provides direct evidence for spin pumping. The transfer of spin momentum across the YIG interface is surprisingly efficient with the spin mixing conductance g(↑↓) ? 1.2 × 10(14) cm(-2).     

Giant ferroelectric polarization of CaMn7O12 induced by a combined effect of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and exchange striction

By extending our general spin-current model to noncentrosymmetric spin dimers and performing density functional calculations, we investigate the causes for the helical magnetic order and the origin of the giant ferroelectric polarization of CaMn7O12. The giant ferroelectric polarization is proposed to be caused by the symmetric exchange striction due to the canting of the Mn4+ spin arising from its strong Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Our study suggests that CaMn7O12 may exhibit a novel magnetoelectric coupling mechanism in which the magnitude of the polarization is governed by the exchange striction, but the direction of the polarization by the chirality of the helical magnetic order.     

Bilayer quantum hall systems at filling factor nu = 2: An exact diagonalization study

We present an exact diagonalization study of bilayer quantum Hall systems at filling factor nu = 2 in the spherical geometry. We find the high-Zeeman-coupling phase boundary of the broken symmetry canted antiferromagnet is given exactly by previous Hartree-Fock mean-field theories, but that the state's stability at weak Zeeman coupling has been qualitatively overestimated. In the absence of interlayer tunneling, degeneracies occur between total spin multiplets due to the Hamiltonian's invariance under independent spin rotations in top and bottom two-dimensional electron layers.