Anti-inflammatory activities of the chemical constituents isolated from Trametes versicolor

Twenty-seven compounds including nine triterpenoids (1–9), eight sterols (10–17), two ribonucleotides (18, 19), four phenols (20–23), three glycosides (24–26), and one furan (27) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd. This study is the first confirmation of the presence of the 11 compounds (3, 5, 6, 8, 18, 20, 21, 23–25, and 27) isolated from the Polyporaceae family, with six of these (2 and 12–16) from the genus Trametes. Compounds 3, 4, 10, 11, 16 and 17 were found to significantly inhibit the production of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner.     

A new 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene from Dendrobium moniliforme

A new 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene,1,5-dihydroxy-3,4,7-trimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (1) was isolated and identified from the whole plants of Dendrobium moniliforme, as well as 24 known compounds including hircinol (2), (2R^*,3S^*)-3-hydroxymethyl-9-methoxy-2-(4′-hydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-phenanthro[4,3-b]furan-5,11-diol (3), diospyrosin (4), aloifol I (5), moscatilin (6), 3,4′-dihydroxy-3′,4,5-trimethoxybibenzyl (7), gigantol (8), 3,3′-dihydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybibenzyl (9), longicornuol A (10), N-trans-cinnamoyltyramine (11), paprazine (12), N-trans-feruloyl 3′-O-methyldopamine (13), moupinamide (14), dihydroconiferyl dihydro-p-coumarate (15), dihydrosinapyl dihydro-p-coumarate (16), 3-isopropyl-5-acetoxycyclohexene-2-one-1 (17), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (18), vanillin (19), p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid (20), vanillic acid (21), protocatechuic acid (22), (+)-syringaresinol (23), β-sitosterol (24) and daucosterol (25). Compounds 3, 4, 13, 16, 17 and 20 were isolated from the Dendrobium genus for the first time, and compounds 2, 5, 7, 9–12, 14, 15, 18, 21 and 22 were originally obtained from D. moniliforme.     

NOVEL N,S-SUBSTITUTED DIENES BY THE REACTION OF 2-NITROTHIOSUBSTITUTED HALODIENES AND PRIMARY AMINES

Mono(thio)substituted 1a–c gave compounds 3a–c and 5a with o-toluidin (2) and m-toluidin (4) in ether. Compounds 9a–c and 11a, b were obtained from the reaction of compounds 1a–c with p-fluorophenylamine (8) and p-fluorobenzylamine (10). Compounds 7a and 15c were obtained from the reaction of 1a and 1c with p-phenylendiamine (6) and o-phenylendiamine (14). Compound 13c was synthesized from the reaction of compound 1c with benzidine (2).     

Acetoacetanilides in Heterocyclic Synthesis,Part 1: An Expeditious Synthesis of Thienopyridines and Other Fused Derivatives

3-Oxo-N-{4-[(pyrimidin-2-ylamino)sulfonyl]phenyl}butanamide 1 reacts with arylidinecyanothioacetamide in refluxing ethanolic TEA to give the pyridinethione 2 rather than thiopyrane 4. Compound 2 reacts with α-haloketones to give the s-alkylated derivatives 7a–e. Compound 7a–e undergoes cyclization into thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives 8a–e. The saponification of 8a gives the amino acid 9, which affords 10 when refluxed in Ac₂O. The treatment of 10 with NH₄OAc/AcOH gives 11. Compound II is also obtained when 8e is refluxed in Ac₂O. The reaction of 8a with hydrazine hydrate gives 12 and with formamide gives 13. Compound 13 also is obtained from the reaction of 8e with triethylorthoformate. The acetylation of 8a with Ac₂O gives the amide derivative 14, which, on treatment with aromatic amines, affords 15a–c. Compounds 15a–c are cyclized with H₂SO₄ to 16a–c. Compound 16 is obtained also from the acetylation of compound 8c, d by Ac₂O. Reactions of compound 8e with CS₂ in refluxing dioxane afford 17. The diazotization and self-coupling of 8e give the pyridothienotriazine 18. Finally, the chloronation of compound 13 with POCl₃ affords the chloride derivative 19.     

Polymerizations of methyl methacrylate and rac-lactide by zinc(II) precatalyst containing N-substituted 2-iminomethylpyridine and 2-iminomethylquinoline

The reaction of [ZnCl₂] with N-cyclopentyl-1-(quinolin-2-yl)methanimine (L_A), N-cyclohexyl-1-(quinolin-2-yl)methanimine (L_B), N-cyclohexyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)methanimine (L_C), 2,6-diethyl-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)aniline (L_D), N-cyclopentyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)methanimine (L_E), and N-phenyl-(pyridin-2-yl)methanimine (L_F) in ethanol produced the bidentate [(NN′)ZnCl₂] complexes, [L_AZnCl₂], [L_BZnCl₂], [L_CZnCl₂], [L_DZnCl₂], [L_EZnCl₂] and [L_FZnCl₂], respectively. The molecular structures revealed that the zinc in [L_nZnCl₂] (L_n = L_A ? L_D) showed a distorted tetrahedral geometry involving two nitrogens of N,N’-bidentate ligands and two chloride ligands. Most of these initiators were effective for polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and polymerization of rac-lactide (rac-LA). [L_CZnCl₂] (with N-cyclohexyl substituted at imine-pyridine moiety) exhibited the highest catalytic activity for MMA polymerization in the presence of modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) with an activity of 3.33 × 10⁴ g PMMA/mol·Zn·h at 60 °C, giving moderate syndiotactic poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) with high molecular weight (9.62 × 10⁵ g/mol). The dimethyl derivatives [L_nZnMe₂] (L_n = L_A ? L_F), generated in situ, polymerized rac-LA with moderate activity and yielded a polylactide (PLA) with good number-average molecular weights and narrower polydispersity indices (PDIs). [L_AZnMe₂] effectively initiates the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of rac-LA to attain heterotactic PLA (P_r = 0.91).     

A new coumarin from the roots of Micromelum minutum

A new coumarin, minutuminolate (1), together with eleven known coumarins (2–12), was isolated from the roots of Micromelum minutum. The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of their 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Compounds 2, 5, 10, 11 and 12 showed cytotoxicity against KB cell line. In addition, compounds 2, 3, 4, 7, 11 and 12 also showed weak cytotoxicity against NCI-H187 cell line.     

N,S-, S-, S,S-, <S═O-, and < SO2-Substituted Dienes from Halo-1,3-Butadienes

Mono(thio)substituted dienes 1 gave 3a–g , 5 , and 7 with piperazine derivatives in dichloromethane. Hexachlorobutadiene 14 in a water-ethanol mixture in the presence of sodium hydroxide reacted with thiol 15 to give the mono(thio)substituted thioether 16 and di(thio)substituted thioether 17 . 18 was obtained from the reaction of 16 with m-CPBA in chloroform. 9 was obtained from the reaction of l,2,3,4,4-pentachloro-(1-2-hydroxyethylthio)-1,3- butadiene 8 with 47% HI, and 11 was synthesized from the reaction of 8 with concentrated H₂SO₄ and KBr. Compounds 9 and 11 gave in the reaction with m-CPBA in chloroform 10 , 12 , and 13 , respectively.     

Reaction of CH acids with 2-arylidenecycloalkanones: Synthesis of β-keto acid anilide derivatives of naphthalene,indene, fluorene,and phenanthrene

Summary 2-Arylidene-cyclohexanone1, -cyclopentanone2, -1-indanone3 and-1-tetralone4 react with acetoacetanilide5 yielding 2-oxo-4-aryl-3-carboxylic acid anilides derivatives of naphthalene7, indene8, fluorene9 and phenanthrene10. Reaction of1 and3 with benzoylacetanilide6 yields the corresponding Michael adducts11 and12.

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Reaktion von CH-Säuren mit 2-Arylidencycloalkanonen. Synthese von -Ketosäureanilid-Derivaten von Naphthalin, Inden, Fluoren und Phenanthren

Zusammenfassung 2-Arylidencyclohexanone1, -cyclopentanone2, -1-indanone3 und -1-tetralone4 reagieren mit Acetoacetanilid5 unter Bildung von 2-Oxo-4-aryl-3-carbonsäureanilid-Derivaten von Naphthalin7, Inden8, Fluoren9 und Phenanthren10. Die Reaktion von1 und3 mit Benzoylacetanilid6 ergibt die entsprechenden Michael-Addukte11 und12.

     

Synthesis of canthine/erythrinane alkaloid analogs

The pentacyclic lactams9,11, and14 were prepared using a thermal condensation of tryptamine with symmetrical oxodiesters3 and4 as the key step. The formation of the ring E in the tetracyclic compounds5,6,8,10,12, and13 is strongly dependent on the ring size.

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Synthese von Analoga der Canthin/Erythrina Alkaloide (Kurze Mitteilung)

Zusammenfassung Die pentacyclischen Verbindungen9,11 und14 wurden durch thermische Kondensation von Tryptamin mit symmetrischen Oxodiestern3 und4 als wichtigster Reaktionsstufe dargestellt. Die Bildung des Ringes E in den tetracyclischen Verbindungen5,6,8,10,12 und13 ist stark von der Ringgröße abhängig.

     

REAKTIONEN DES PYRIDINIUM-FLUOR-DITHIOPHOSPHORSÄURE-BETAINS

Abstract

Pyridinium-fluor-dithiophosphorsäure-betain (1) reagiert mit Hydrazin unter Bildung von Pyridinium-hydrazin-bis(fluor-dithiophosphate) (3), mit Phenylhydrazin unter Bildung von Pyridinium-phenylhydrazido-fluordithiophosphat (5). 3 und 5 können mit Methyljodid in die entsprechenden S-Methylester 7 und 8 überführt werden. Die Umsetzung der Titelverbindung 1 mit H₂S führt zu Pyridinium-difluor-pentathiodiphosphat (9). Das primäre Hydrolyseprodukt von 1 ist nicht stabil. Mercaptane und 1 reagieren zu den Pyridiniumsalzen der Fluor-trithiophosphorsäure-monoester (10), die durch Umsetzung mit Methyljodid in die Fluor-trithiophosphorsäure-diester (12) umgewandelt werden können. Die Reaktion von Phenyl-t-butyl-phosphan mit 1 hat eine P–P-Verknüpfung zur Folge. Reaktionsprodukt ist Pyridinium-phenyl-t-butyl-phosphido-fluor-dithiophosphat (13).

Pyridinium-fluoro-dithiophosphoric betaine (1) reacts with hydrazine to give pyridinium hydrazine bis(fluoro-dithiophosphate) (3), with phenylhydrazine to give pyridinium phenylhydrazido fluoro-dithiophosphate (5). 3 and 5 can be converted into the corresponding S-methyl esters 7 and 8 by methyl iodide. Reaction of the title compound 1 with H₂S yields pyridinium difluoro pentathiodiphosphate (9). The primary hydrolysis product of 1 is not stable. Mercaptanes and 1 yield pyridinium salts of fluoro trithiophosphoric monoesters (10) which by reaction with methyl iodide can be converted into fluoro trithiophosphoric diesters (12). The reaction of phenyl t-butyl phosphane with 1 results in the formation of a P–P bond. Reaction product is pyridinium phenyl t-butyl phosphido fluoro dithiophosphate (13).     

New N,S-Derivatives of Nitrodienes from Thioallyl-and Thiodibromopropyl Nitrodienes

Compound 3 and 5a, b were obtained from the reaction of 1,3,4,4-tetrachloro-1-thioallyl-2-nitro-1,3-butadiene (1) with thiomorpholine (2) and piperazine derivatives 4a, b in dichloromethane. The reaction of compound 1 and bromine gave compound 6. Compounds 8 and 10 were obtained from the reaction of 6 with 1-(diphenylmethyl)piperazine (7) and piperidine (9) in dichloromethane. The derivative 13 was synthesized from the reaction of 4-bromo-1,1,3,4-tetrachloro-2-nitro-1,3-butadiene (11) and allylmercaptane (12). Compounds 15 and 16a, b were obtained from the reaction of 1-allyl-4-bromo-1,3,4-trichloro-2-nitro-1,3-butadiene (13) with morpholine (14) and the piperazine derivatives 16a, b, in dichloromethane, respectively.     

Selective Benzoylation of 1-(β-D-Xylopyranosyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrazole

Abstract

Selective benzoylation of l-(β-d-xylopyranosyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrazole (1) has been performed to give 2,3,4-tri- (2), 3,4-di- (3), 2,4-di- (4), 3- (5) and 4-benzoate (6). The O-acetyl derivatives of compounds 3 and 4 (7, 8), di-O-acetyl of 5 and 6 (9, 10) and O-methanesulphonyl of 3 and 4 (11, 12) have been obtained. The relative reactivity of the hydroxyl groups of 1 was HO-4 ≥ HO-3 ? HO-2. The analysis of ¹ H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectra of 1-12 is presented.     

Electronic states of XC<Subscript>3</Subscript>H<Subscript>3</Subscript>Si five-membered rings (X = CH,N, P,and As)

Stable configurations of XC₃H₃Si five-membered rings, 1 _X and 2 _X (X = CH, N, P, and As) in the singlet and triplet states are found at B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory. All the singlet states of 1 _X and 2 _X have lower potential energy than the triplet state. The ΔG _s−t differences between the singlet and triplet states of 1 _X and 2 _X changes at the B3LYP/6-311++G** level in the order (in kcal/mol): 1 _N (−17.56) > 1 _CH (−15.26) > 1 _P (−4.96) > 1 _As (−3.45) and 2 _CH (−15.26) > 2 _N (−9.21) > 2 _P (−7.39) > 2 _As (−6.15), respectively.     

CHLOROSULFONATION OF 9-ARYLOCTAHYDROXANTHEN-1,8-DIONES

The 9-aryloctahydroxanthen-1,8-diones (3, 4– 24) were prepared by reaction of cyclohexan-1,3-dione (1) with selected arylaldehydes. The xanthendiones (4– 9, 11, 12, 18, 21, 22) were successfully reacted with chlorosulfonic acid, and the crude sulfonyl chlorides were converted into 15 sulfonamides (26– 40) for screening as potential pesticides. Attempted chlorosulfonation of the xanthendiones (13– 17) was unsuccessful. α-Methylcinnamaldehyde was reacted with cyclohexandione (1) to yield the corresponding xanthendione derivative (23). On the other hand, with o-methoxycinnamaldehyde an impure product formed and the p-methoxy isomer afforded the corresponding 2-arylpyran (25). The NMR spectral data of the compounds are briefly discussed.     

Glycosylation of 4‐Aryl‐1‐thioxo[1,2,4] triazolo[4,3‐a] quinazolin‐5(4H)‐one

Reaction of 4‐aryl‐1‐thioxo [1,2,4] triazolo [4,3‐a] quinazolin‐5 (4H)‐ones (2a,b) with acetylated glycosyl bromides 3a–c under alkaline conditions afforded the corresponding S‐glycoside derivatives 4, 5 and N‐glycoside derivatives 6, 7. Oxidation of S‐glycosyl derivatives 4, 5 with m‐chloroperbenzoic acid yielded the corresponding sulphones 8, 9, whereas the N‐glycosyl derivatives 6, 7 yielded 1‐oxo derivatives 10, 11. However their O‐deacetylation with sodium methoxide in methanol caused cleavage of the S‐glycosyl residue and gave N ²‐glycosylated analogues 12, 13, 14 and 15.     

Aggregation and Adsorption Properties of Tetramethylsulfonatoresorcinarenes and their Associates with Nonionogenic Guest Molecules in Aqueous Solutions

Present paper reports on tensiometric studies of tetramethylsulfonatoresorcinarenes 1 and 2 with nonionogenic guests 3 and 4, pyrimidin derivative and O,O-dymethyl-1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutylphosphonate, respectively. Association of resorcinarenes with these guests leads to dramatic change of adsorption characteristics of their solutions. CCMs₁ of associates (1&3, 1&4, 2&3, and 2&4) are lower and the estimated surface activity, as well as the height of adsorption layers are higher than for individual substances. Aggregation of compounds 1–4 and association of 1 with 3 and 4 in solution were confirmed by ¹H NMR spectra and studied by diffusion NMR with impulse magnetic field gradient.     

Synthesis of the [<Superscript>2</Superscript>H,<Superscript>15</Superscript>N]-labeled antiviral drug “triazavirine”

Selective methods for the incorporation of stable isotopes ¹⁵N and ²H into the structure of antiviral medicine “triazavirine” 1 were developed. The synthesized isotopically modified “triazavirine” 1– ² H ₃ , ¹⁵ N ₃ contained the labeled atoms in both the azole and the azine rings. ¹³C and ¹⁵N NMR spectra of the isotope-containing sample 1– ² H ₃ , ¹⁵ N ₃ were thoroughly analyzed.     

Synthesis and Biological Activities of Novel 1,4-Bridged Bis-1,2,4-Triazoles,Bis-1,3,4-Thiadiazoles and Bis-1,3,4-Oxadiazoles

Abstract

The terephthalic acid hydrazide(1) reacted with phenyl/benzyl isothiocyanate2a,bto yield the corresponding bis-thiosemicarbazides4a,b,viaacid hydrolysis of the intermediate 3whereas cyclization of4gave the bis-1,2,4-triazoles 5,6and bis-1,3,4-thiadiazoles7,8. Similarly, compound 1reacted with phenyl isocyanate9to give the bis-semicarbazide10, which was cyclized to the bis-oxadiazole 11and/or bis-1,2,4-triazole12in POCl_ti3and NaOH respectively.     

Über Reduktionsprodukte von Ferroceno-benzochinonen

Zusammenfassung MnO₂-Oxydation der (-Ketotetramethylen)-ferrocene1 und2 liefert die p-Chinone3 und4. Katalytische Hydrierung derselben gab die Ketole5 und6, bei denen die verbleibende C=O-Gruppe auch gegenüber drastischen Hydrierungsbedingungen (z. B. bei Hydrierung des Benzolringes in6) inert ist. Dieses Verhalten ist durch eine verschiedene sterische Anordnung der Carbonylgruppen erklärbar. Durch Verwendung von optisch aktivem2 konnte dem entsprechenden Ketol die Struktur6 zugeordnet werden. Reduktion von5 und6 mitLAH gab die Diole10, 11 und12. Bei neuerlicher MnO₂-Oxydation der Ketole5 und6 entstanden die Diketone13 und14, die sich aber nicht zu den Hydrochinonen tautomerisieren.

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MnO₂-oxidation of the -ketotetramethyleneferrocenes1 and2 results in formation of the quinone-derivatives3 and4. On catalytic hydrogenation the ketols5 and6 were formed in which the residual carbonyl group is stable even under drastical hydrogenation conditions (the benzene-ring in6 was hydrogenated). This is explained by a different steric position of the carbonyl groups. Using optically active2 structure6 could be assigned to the ketole produced.LAH-reduction afforded dioles10, 11 and12. On MnO₂-oxidation of the ketoles5 and6 the diketones13 and14 were formed; they are not convertible to the tautomeric quinoles.

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Mit 1 Abbildung     

Synthesis and characterisation of main‐chain hydrogen‐bonded supramolecular liquid crystalline complexes formed by azo‐containing compounds

A series of azopyridine‐containing hydrogen bonding acceptors (4a–c) with flexible spacers of oligo(methylene) were synthesised. Hydrogen‐bonded polymeric complexes 4/5 and trimeric complexes 4/6₂ , where 5 and 6 are aromatic dicarboxylic acids and monocarboxylic acids, respectively, were prepared and their liquid crystallinity was examined using differential scanning calorimetry and polarising optical microscopy. The study showed that most of the complexes displayed reversible thermotropic nematic phase. The isotropic to nematic phase transition temperatures of polymeric complexes 4/5 and trimeric complexes 4/6₂ in general decreased with the increase in length of spacers and terminal groups in the corresponding proton acceptors 4 and the proton donors 5 and 6, respectively. Hydrogen bonding interactions in complexes 4/5 and 4/6₂ were studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.