托卡马克装置中等离子体环向旋转对三维响应场的影响

本文利用MARS-F程序,数值研究了HL-2M托卡马克装置高比压等离子体中,环向旋转对外加共振磁扰动场的响应特性的影响.研究发现,等离子体响应显著改变共振磁扰动的谱分布,并影响等离子体内部共振磁扰动场与共振磁扰动线圈电流相位差的依赖关系,从而改变有理面处径向扰动场的幅值.当边界旋转频率较小时,在最外有理面处,等离子体响应对外加共振磁扰动场有明显的放大效应.通常,边缘局域模的控制效果依赖于最外有理面处共振磁扰动场的幅度,因此可通过控制旋转剖面实现对共振磁扰动场的调控,进而优化边缘局域模的控制方案.     

HL-2A等离子体垂直振荡缓解边缘局域模实验观测

在HL-2A 装置实验中，通过对水平场加入方波扰动，实现了等离子体垂直运动。当等离子体向上垂直运动时，观察到了边缘局域模(ELM)缓解现象。研究发现，等离子体向上运动过程中边缘不断形成新的闭合磁面，导致等离子体体积膨胀，进而使台基宽度增加。此外，ELM 缓解期间杂质和工作气体再循环有所增加。等离子体向上运动过程中体积膨胀、工作气体再循环及杂质增加可能是导致ELM 缓解的主要物理因素。该实验可为未来聚变实验装置ELM 的控制提供一些参考。     

HL-1M装置锁模不稳定性研究

研究了HL－1M装置上锁模不稳定性和密度极限破裂。锁模不稳定性通常出现在低密度的实验中,在软X射线和Mirnov磁扰动上都观察到了频率相同的先兆振荡,其时间尺度为10ms。边3比温度的然下降是产生模不稳定性的重要标志。锁械出现几毫秒后时常发生大破裂。提出了抑制锁械的稳定性的建议。     

HL-1M装置上MHD不稳定性磁扰动模的传播

对在HL-1M装置放电实验中发现的宏观MHD不稳定性磁扰动模的传播现象进行了研究。通过对实验中发现的各种极向模数m值的MHD磁扰动模特征的观察,以及在不同放电条件,特别是在偏压H模放电下传播方向不同的分析,深入研究了MHD模传播与等离子体旋转的定性关系。     

HT-6M装置H模放电的中性粒子研究

HT-6M托卡马克通过边界欧姆加热实现了改善约束的H模，利用中性粒子测量方法成功地研究了等离子体H模放电的中性粒子变化．观察到边界欧姆加热H模放电期间从等离子体逃逸的中性粒子比纯欧姆加热明显减少；约束改善后等离子体中心热区的中性原子密度下降，得到了反映等离子体约束改善的中性粒子特征．实验结果与其他诊断进行了比较和讨论 关键词：     

等离子体交换不稳定性的模耦合理论

本文研究部分电离等离子体中交换不稳定性的爆炸型模耦合。从磁流体动力学方程出发,导出交换模相干三波相互作用的模耦合方程,分析产生爆炸不稳定的可能的耦合类型,具体讨论产生爆炸不稳定的条件。结果表明,非线性效应能使交换模达到饱和状态表现为小幅度的正弦型扰动,也能通过模耦合而导致大幅度扰动的爆发。本文的分析,适用于磁镜位形的等离子体和电离层等离子体。 关键词：     

托卡马克高约束模边缘等离子体不稳定性研究

托卡马克高约束模运行可大幅提高磁约束核聚变等离子体约束品质,该模式下的等离子体不稳定性研究对于控制约束和保护装置有重要意义。本文主要介绍了高约束模及其边缘等离子体不稳定性的研究概况,并重点介绍了中国环流器二号A托卡马克装置上关于高约束模转换、边缘局域模特征和控制方法、台基区不稳定性和台基饱和机制等方面的研究进展。研究结果表明,实验上有望通过粒子和射频波注入等外部激励的方法,影响台基区等离子体湍流,进行控制台基动力学演化以及ELM,实现既保持高约束又降低高热负荷的等离子体稳态运行。     

EAST等离子体电子温度涨落特征的初步实验研究

在EAST上使用相关电子回旋辐射(CECE)诊断系统观测到不同等离子体参数下的电子温度涨落特征,介绍了欧姆放电、L模放电及无ELM的H模放电的三种现象。在欧姆密度爬升等离子体中,电子温度涨落与电子密度之间表现出很强的相关性,即存在电子温度涨落处于较高水平的电子密度的窗口。初步分析表明,电子温度涨落变化是电子密度梯度和电子温度梯度共同影响的结果。不同辅助加热下的L模等离子体中,电子温度涨落的频谱表现出不同的行为。由于电子回旋共振加热(ECRH)的功率有限,其对电子温度的改变很小,而中性束注入(NBI)有较高的注入功率,能够明显提升电子温度,加热方式及加热功率大小引起的电子温度变化与电子温度涨落变化相关。在没有边缘局域模(ELM)的H模期间,可以观测到频率为18kHz的准相干模,其存在于归一化半径ρ=0.71～0.87较宽的径向范围内。     

低杂波注入对剥离气球模的作用

基于BOUT++代码研究了托卡马克高约束模等离子体中低杂波(LHW)注入对边缘台基区剥离气球模(P-B模)线性和非线性特性的影响.模拟中分别考虑了LHW驱动的常规主等离子体电流和刮削层螺旋电流丝(HCF)产生三维扰动磁场对P-B模的作用.线性结果表明,LHW驱动的主等离子体电流通过降低平衡的归一化压强梯度和磁剪切,使得线性环向模谱整体向高模数和低增长率的方向移动.非线性模拟表明,由于线性模谱的展宽,LHW驱动的主等离子体电流对P-B模不同模式具有整体的抑制效果,可以降低边缘局域模(ELM)造成的台基能量损失;LHW驱动HCF产生的三维扰动磁场可以通过增强不同模式之间的耦合,促进主模之外的其他模式增长来降低ELM造成的能量损失.研究发现,HCF产生的三维扰动磁场促进增长的P-B模式集中在较高模数,当P-B模的主导模式远离此模数区间,ELM能量损失降低更明显.研究结果有助于深入理解LHW控制ELM实验中的物理机制.     

氘氚燃烧托卡马克等离子体内扭曲模稳定化分析

本文分析了聚变α粒子对内扭曲模的稳定作用。去稳作用来自等离子体比压值,稳定化效应来自离子反磁漂移及α粒子的零频率稳定化,两种对抗效应均随等离子体参数变化。对一种具体的燃烧等离子体方案,内扭曲模增长率将是等离子体温度的函数。磁轴处α粒子的密度由聚变反应率及α粒子的慢化率确定。以CIT的设计为例,分析了内扭曲模的稳定化区域及激发阈值,这些结果有普遍性意义。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.